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1 | Intro |
2 | ===== | |
3 | ||
4 | This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of | |
5adaf851 | 5 | software necessary to run the 3.0 kernels. |
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6 | |
7 | This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels | |
8 | and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, | |
9 | Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the | |
10 | 'net). | |
11 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
12 | Current Minimal Requirements |
13 | ============================ | |
14 | ||
15 | Upgrade to at *least* these software revisions before thinking you've | |
16 | encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently | |
17 | running, the suggested command should tell you. | |
18 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
19 | Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally |
20 | running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all | |
21 | systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN hardware, for example, | |
22 | you probably needn't concern yourself with isdn4k-utils. | |
1da177e4 | 23 | |
a1365647 | 24 | o Gnu C 3.2 # gcc --version |
2185a5ec | 25 | o Gnu make 3.80 # make --version |
1da177e4 LT |
26 | o binutils 2.12 # ld -v |
27 | o util-linux 2.10o # fdformat --version | |
28 | o module-init-tools 0.9.10 # depmod -V | |
242f45da | 29 | o e2fsprogs 1.41.4 # e2fsck -V |
1da177e4 | 30 | o jfsutils 1.1.3 # fsck.jfs -V |
e06c3744 | 31 | o reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 # reiserfsck -V |
1da177e4 | 32 | o xfsprogs 2.6.0 # xfs_db -V |
242f45da BN |
33 | o squashfs-tools 4.0 # mksquashfs -version |
34 | o btrfs-progs 0.18 # btrfsck | |
e4121712 | 35 | o pcmciautils 004 # pccardctl -V |
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36 | o quota-tools 3.09 # quota -V |
37 | o PPP 2.4.0 # pppd --version | |
38 | o isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 # isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version | |
39 | o nfs-utils 1.0.5 # showmount --version | |
40 | o procps 3.2.0 # ps --version | |
0c0a400d | 41 | o oprofile 0.9 # oprofiled --version |
e06c3744 CK |
42 | o udev 081 # udevd --version |
43 | o grub 0.93 # grub --version || grub-install --version | |
44 | o mcelog 0.6 # mcelog --version | |
d879e19e | 45 | o iptables 1.4.2 # iptables -V |
7a922637 | 46 | |
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47 | |
48 | Kernel compilation | |
49 | ================== | |
50 | ||
51 | GCC | |
52 | --- | |
53 | ||
54 | The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your | |
a1365647 | 55 | computer. |
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56 | |
57 | Make | |
58 | ---- | |
59 | ||
2185a5ec | 60 | You will need Gnu make 3.80 or later to build the kernel. |
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61 | |
62 | Binutils | |
63 | -------- | |
64 | ||
65 | Linux on IA-32 has recently switched from using as86 to using gas for | |
66 | assembling the 16-bit boot code, removing the need for as86 to compile | |
67 | your kernel. This change does, however, mean that you need a recent | |
68 | release of binutils. | |
69 | ||
08219624 JLPD |
70 | Perl |
71 | ---- | |
72 | ||
73 | You will need perl 5 and the following modules: Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, | |
74 | File::Basename, and File::Find to build the kernel. | |
75 | ||
221069be A |
76 | BC |
77 | -- | |
78 | ||
79 | You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and higher | |
80 | ||
08219624 | 81 | |
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82 | System utilities |
83 | ================ | |
84 | ||
85 | Architectural changes | |
86 | --------------------- | |
87 | ||
88 | DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev | |
89 | (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) | |
90 | ||
91 | 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! | |
92 | ||
93 | Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline | |
94 | documentation via specially-formatted comments near their | |
95 | definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with the | |
96 | SGML templates in the Documentation/DocBook directory to make DocBook | |
97 | files, which can then be converted by DocBook stylesheets to PostScript, | |
98 | HTML, PDF files, and several other formats. In order to convert from | |
99 | DocBook format to a format of your choice, you'll need to install Jade as | |
100 | well as the desired DocBook stylesheets. | |
101 | ||
102 | Util-linux | |
103 | ---------- | |
104 | ||
105 | New versions of util-linux provide *fdisk support for larger disks, | |
106 | support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition | |
107 | types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies. | |
108 | You'll probably want to upgrade. | |
109 | ||
110 | Ksymoops | |
111 | -------- | |
112 | ||
62a07e6e JJ |
113 | If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the |
114 | ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't. | |
5adaf851 LT |
115 | It is generally preferred to build the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS so |
116 | that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also | |
117 | produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel | |
118 | is not build with CONFIG_KALLSYMS and you have no way to rebuild and | |
119 | reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops | |
120 | with ksymoops. | |
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121 | |
122 | Module-Init-Tools | |
123 | ----------------- | |
124 | ||
125 | A new module loader is now in the kernel that requires module-init-tools | |
126 | to use. It is backward compatible with the 2.4.x series kernels. | |
127 | ||
128 | Mkinitrd | |
129 | -------- | |
130 | ||
131 | These changes to the /lib/modules file tree layout also require that | |
132 | mkinitrd be upgraded. | |
133 | ||
134 | E2fsprogs | |
135 | --------- | |
136 | ||
137 | The latest version of e2fsprogs fixes several bugs in fsck and | |
138 | debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade. | |
139 | ||
140 | JFSutils | |
141 | -------- | |
142 | ||
143 | The jfsutils package contains the utilities for the file system. | |
144 | The following utilities are available: | |
145 | o fsck.jfs - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check | |
146 | and repair a JFS formatted partition. | |
147 | o mkfs.jfs - create a JFS formatted partition. | |
148 | o other file system utilities are also available in this package. | |
149 | ||
150 | Reiserfsprogs | |
151 | ------------- | |
152 | ||
153 | The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x | |
154 | (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working | |
155 | versions of mkreiserfs, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs and | |
156 | reiserfsck. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. | |
157 | ||
158 | Xfsprogs | |
159 | -------- | |
160 | ||
161 | The latest version of xfsprogs contains mkfs.xfs, xfs_db, and the | |
162 | xfs_repair utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is | |
163 | architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should | |
164 | work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or | |
165 | later is recommended, due to some significant improvements). | |
166 | ||
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167 | PCMCIAutils |
168 | ----------- | |
169 | ||
170 | PCMCIAutils replaces pcmcia-cs (see below). It properly sets up | |
171 | PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules | |
172 | for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug | |
173 | subsystem is used. | |
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174 | |
175 | Pcmcia-cs | |
176 | --------- | |
177 | ||
178 | PCMCIA (PC Card) support is now partially implemented in the main | |
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179 | kernel source. The "pcmciautils" package (see above) replaces pcmcia-cs |
180 | for newest kernels. | |
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181 | |
182 | Quota-tools | |
183 | ----------- | |
184 | ||
185 | Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use | |
186 | the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and | |
187 | newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer | |
188 | from the table above. | |
189 | ||
190 | Intel IA32 microcode | |
191 | -------------------- | |
192 | ||
193 | A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode, | |
890fbae2 GKH |
194 | accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using |
195 | udev you may need to: | |
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196 | |
197 | mkdir /dev/cpu | |
198 | mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 | |
199 | chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode | |
200 | ||
201 | as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to | |
202 | get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this. | |
203 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
204 | udev |
205 | ---- | |
206 | udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with | |
890fbae2 | 207 | only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic |
03a67a46 | 208 | functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for |
890fbae2 | 209 | devices. |
1da177e4 | 210 | |
909021ea MS |
211 | FUSE |
212 | ---- | |
213 | ||
214 | Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount | |
215 | options 'direct_io' and 'kernel_cache' won't work. | |
216 | ||
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217 | Networking |
218 | ========== | |
219 | ||
220 | General changes | |
221 | --------------- | |
222 | ||
223 | If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably | |
224 | consider using the network tools from ip-route2. | |
225 | ||
226 | Packet Filter / NAT | |
227 | ------------------- | |
228 | The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x | |
229 | kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules | |
230 | for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm. | |
231 | ||
232 | PPP | |
233 | --- | |
234 | ||
235 | The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to | |
236 | enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP, | |
237 | upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. | |
238 | ||
890fbae2 | 239 | If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp |
1da177e4 LT |
240 | which can be made by: |
241 | ||
242 | mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 | |
243 | ||
244 | as root. | |
245 | ||
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246 | Isdn4k-utils |
247 | ------------ | |
248 | ||
249 | Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils | |
250 | needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded. | |
251 | ||
252 | NFS-utils | |
253 | --------- | |
254 | ||
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255 | In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know |
256 | about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This | |
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257 | information would be given to the kernel by "mountd" when the client |
258 | mounted the filesystem, or by "exportfs" at system startup. exportfs | |
259 | would take information about active clients from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab. | |
260 | ||
261 | This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct | |
262 | which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement | |
263 | fail-over. Even when the system is working well, rmtab suffers from | |
264 | getting lots of old entries that never get removed. | |
265 | ||
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266 | With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd |
267 | when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give | |
268 | appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the | |
269 | dependency on rmtab and means that the kernel only needs to know about | |
270 | currently active clients. | |
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271 | |
272 | To enable this new functionality, you need to: | |
273 | ||
e4121712 | 274 | mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd |
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275 | |
276 | before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS | |
277 | services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where | |
278 | that is possible. | |
279 | ||
172d899d AK |
280 | mcelog |
281 | ------ | |
282 | ||
c8c3f7d6 PB |
283 | On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to process and log machine check |
284 | events when CONFIG_X86_MCE is enabled. Machine check events are errors reported | |
285 | by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged. | |
172d899d | 286 | |
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287 | Getting updated software |
288 | ======================== | |
289 | ||
290 | Kernel compilation | |
291 | ****************** | |
292 | ||
a1365647 AM |
293 | gcc |
294 | --- | |
295 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
296 | |
297 | Make | |
298 | ---- | |
299 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> | |
300 | ||
301 | Binutils | |
302 | -------- | |
303 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> | |
304 | ||
305 | System utilities | |
306 | **************** | |
307 | ||
308 | Util-linux | |
309 | ---------- | |
310 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> | |
311 | ||
312 | Ksymoops | |
313 | -------- | |
314 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> | |
315 | ||
316 | Module-Init-Tools | |
317 | ----------------- | |
318 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/rusty/modules/> | |
319 | ||
320 | Mkinitrd | |
321 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 322 | o <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main> |
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323 | |
324 | E2fsprogs | |
325 | --------- | |
326 | o <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz> | |
327 | ||
328 | JFSutils | |
329 | -------- | |
330 | o <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
331 | ||
332 | Reiserfsprogs | |
333 | ------------- | |
a6557737 | 334 | o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/reiserfs/> |
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335 | |
336 | Xfsprogs | |
337 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 338 | o <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/> |
1da177e4 | 339 | |
5085cb26 DB |
340 | Pcmciautils |
341 | ----------- | |
342 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/> | |
343 | ||
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344 | Pcmcia-cs |
345 | --------- | |
5085cb26 | 346 | o <http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/> |
1da177e4 LT |
347 | |
348 | Quota-tools | |
349 | ---------- | |
350 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> | |
351 | ||
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352 | DocBook Stylesheets |
353 | ------------------- | |
354 | o <http://nwalsh.com/docbook/dsssl/> | |
355 | ||
8b0c2d98 MW |
356 | XMLTO XSLT Frontend |
357 | ------------------- | |
358 | o <http://cyberelk.net/tim/xmlto/> | |
359 | ||
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360 | Intel P6 microcode |
361 | ------------------ | |
362 | o <http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode/> | |
363 | ||
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364 | udev |
365 | ---- | |
366 | o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/udev.html> | |
367 | ||
909021ea MS |
368 | FUSE |
369 | ---- | |
370 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse> | |
371 | ||
172d899d AK |
372 | mcelog |
373 | ------ | |
a6557737 | 374 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/cpu/mce/> |
172d899d | 375 | |
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376 | Networking |
377 | ********** | |
378 | ||
379 | PPP | |
380 | --- | |
a6557737 | 381 | o <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/> |
1da177e4 LT |
382 | |
383 | Isdn4k-utils | |
384 | ------------ | |
a6557737 | 385 | o <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/> |
1da177e4 LT |
386 | |
387 | NFS-utils | |
388 | --------- | |
389 | o <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> | |
390 | ||
391 | Iptables | |
392 | -------- | |
393 | o <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html> | |
394 | ||
395 | Ip-route2 | |
396 | --------- | |
397 | o <ftp://ftp.tux.org/pub/net/ip-routing/iproute2-2.2.4-now-ss991023.tar.gz> | |
398 | ||
399 | OProfile | |
400 | -------- | |
401 | o <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/> | |
402 | ||
403 | NFS-Utils | |
404 | --------- | |
405 | o <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
406 |