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1 | Intro |
2 | ===== | |
3 | ||
4 | This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of | |
5adaf851 | 5 | software necessary to run the 3.0 kernels. |
1da177e4 LT |
6 | |
7 | This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels | |
8 | and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, | |
9 | Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the | |
10 | 'net). | |
11 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
12 | Current Minimal Requirements |
13 | ============================ | |
14 | ||
15 | Upgrade to at *least* these software revisions before thinking you've | |
16 | encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently | |
17 | running, the suggested command should tell you. | |
18 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
19 | Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally |
20 | running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all | |
21 | systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN hardware, for example, | |
22 | you probably needn't concern yourself with isdn4k-utils. | |
1da177e4 | 23 | |
a1365647 | 24 | o Gnu C 3.2 # gcc --version |
2185a5ec | 25 | o Gnu make 3.80 # make --version |
1da177e4 LT |
26 | o binutils 2.12 # ld -v |
27 | o util-linux 2.10o # fdformat --version | |
28 | o module-init-tools 0.9.10 # depmod -V | |
242f45da | 29 | o e2fsprogs 1.41.4 # e2fsck -V |
1da177e4 | 30 | o jfsutils 1.1.3 # fsck.jfs -V |
e06c3744 | 31 | o reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 # reiserfsck -V |
1da177e4 | 32 | o xfsprogs 2.6.0 # xfs_db -V |
242f45da BN |
33 | o squashfs-tools 4.0 # mksquashfs -version |
34 | o btrfs-progs 0.18 # btrfsck | |
e4121712 | 35 | o pcmciautils 004 # pccardctl -V |
1da177e4 LT |
36 | o quota-tools 3.09 # quota -V |
37 | o PPP 2.4.0 # pppd --version | |
38 | o isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 # isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version | |
39 | o nfs-utils 1.0.5 # showmount --version | |
40 | o procps 3.2.0 # ps --version | |
0c0a400d | 41 | o oprofile 0.9 # oprofiled --version |
e06c3744 CK |
42 | o udev 081 # udevd --version |
43 | o grub 0.93 # grub --version || grub-install --version | |
44 | o mcelog 0.6 # mcelog --version | |
d879e19e | 45 | o iptables 1.4.2 # iptables -V |
7a922637 | 46 | |
1da177e4 LT |
47 | |
48 | Kernel compilation | |
49 | ================== | |
50 | ||
51 | GCC | |
52 | --- | |
53 | ||
54 | The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your | |
a1365647 | 55 | computer. |
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56 | |
57 | Make | |
58 | ---- | |
59 | ||
2185a5ec | 60 | You will need Gnu make 3.80 or later to build the kernel. |
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61 | |
62 | Binutils | |
63 | -------- | |
64 | ||
65 | Linux on IA-32 has recently switched from using as86 to using gas for | |
66 | assembling the 16-bit boot code, removing the need for as86 to compile | |
67 | your kernel. This change does, however, mean that you need a recent | |
68 | release of binutils. | |
69 | ||
08219624 JLPD |
70 | Perl |
71 | ---- | |
72 | ||
73 | You will need perl 5 and the following modules: Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, | |
74 | File::Basename, and File::Find to build the kernel. | |
75 | ||
76 | ||
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77 | System utilities |
78 | ================ | |
79 | ||
80 | Architectural changes | |
81 | --------------------- | |
82 | ||
83 | DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev | |
84 | (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) | |
85 | ||
86 | 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! | |
87 | ||
88 | Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline | |
89 | documentation via specially-formatted comments near their | |
90 | definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with the | |
91 | SGML templates in the Documentation/DocBook directory to make DocBook | |
92 | files, which can then be converted by DocBook stylesheets to PostScript, | |
93 | HTML, PDF files, and several other formats. In order to convert from | |
94 | DocBook format to a format of your choice, you'll need to install Jade as | |
95 | well as the desired DocBook stylesheets. | |
96 | ||
97 | Util-linux | |
98 | ---------- | |
99 | ||
100 | New versions of util-linux provide *fdisk support for larger disks, | |
101 | support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition | |
102 | types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies. | |
103 | You'll probably want to upgrade. | |
104 | ||
105 | Ksymoops | |
106 | -------- | |
107 | ||
62a07e6e JJ |
108 | If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the |
109 | ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't. | |
5adaf851 LT |
110 | It is generally preferred to build the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS so |
111 | that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also | |
112 | produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel | |
113 | is not build with CONFIG_KALLSYMS and you have no way to rebuild and | |
114 | reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops | |
115 | with ksymoops. | |
1da177e4 LT |
116 | |
117 | Module-Init-Tools | |
118 | ----------------- | |
119 | ||
120 | A new module loader is now in the kernel that requires module-init-tools | |
121 | to use. It is backward compatible with the 2.4.x series kernels. | |
122 | ||
123 | Mkinitrd | |
124 | -------- | |
125 | ||
126 | These changes to the /lib/modules file tree layout also require that | |
127 | mkinitrd be upgraded. | |
128 | ||
129 | E2fsprogs | |
130 | --------- | |
131 | ||
132 | The latest version of e2fsprogs fixes several bugs in fsck and | |
133 | debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade. | |
134 | ||
135 | JFSutils | |
136 | -------- | |
137 | ||
138 | The jfsutils package contains the utilities for the file system. | |
139 | The following utilities are available: | |
140 | o fsck.jfs - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check | |
141 | and repair a JFS formatted partition. | |
142 | o mkfs.jfs - create a JFS formatted partition. | |
143 | o other file system utilities are also available in this package. | |
144 | ||
145 | Reiserfsprogs | |
146 | ------------- | |
147 | ||
148 | The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x | |
149 | (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working | |
150 | versions of mkreiserfs, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs and | |
151 | reiserfsck. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. | |
152 | ||
153 | Xfsprogs | |
154 | -------- | |
155 | ||
156 | The latest version of xfsprogs contains mkfs.xfs, xfs_db, and the | |
157 | xfs_repair utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is | |
158 | architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should | |
159 | work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or | |
160 | later is recommended, due to some significant improvements). | |
161 | ||
5085cb26 DB |
162 | PCMCIAutils |
163 | ----------- | |
164 | ||
165 | PCMCIAutils replaces pcmcia-cs (see below). It properly sets up | |
166 | PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules | |
167 | for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug | |
168 | subsystem is used. | |
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169 | |
170 | Pcmcia-cs | |
171 | --------- | |
172 | ||
173 | PCMCIA (PC Card) support is now partially implemented in the main | |
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174 | kernel source. The "pcmciautils" package (see above) replaces pcmcia-cs |
175 | for newest kernels. | |
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176 | |
177 | Quota-tools | |
178 | ----------- | |
179 | ||
180 | Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use | |
181 | the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and | |
182 | newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer | |
183 | from the table above. | |
184 | ||
185 | Intel IA32 microcode | |
186 | -------------------- | |
187 | ||
188 | A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode, | |
890fbae2 GKH |
189 | accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using |
190 | udev you may need to: | |
1da177e4 LT |
191 | |
192 | mkdir /dev/cpu | |
193 | mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 | |
194 | chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode | |
195 | ||
196 | as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to | |
197 | get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this. | |
198 | ||
199 | Powertweak | |
200 | ---------- | |
201 | ||
202 | If you are running v0.1.17 or earlier, you should upgrade to | |
203 | version v0.99.0 or higher. Running old versions may cause problems | |
204 | with programs using shared memory. | |
205 | ||
206 | udev | |
207 | ---- | |
208 | udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with | |
890fbae2 | 209 | only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic |
03a67a46 | 210 | functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for |
890fbae2 | 211 | devices. |
1da177e4 | 212 | |
909021ea MS |
213 | FUSE |
214 | ---- | |
215 | ||
216 | Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount | |
217 | options 'direct_io' and 'kernel_cache' won't work. | |
218 | ||
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219 | Networking |
220 | ========== | |
221 | ||
222 | General changes | |
223 | --------------- | |
224 | ||
225 | If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably | |
226 | consider using the network tools from ip-route2. | |
227 | ||
228 | Packet Filter / NAT | |
229 | ------------------- | |
230 | The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x | |
231 | kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules | |
232 | for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm. | |
233 | ||
234 | PPP | |
235 | --- | |
236 | ||
237 | The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to | |
238 | enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP, | |
239 | upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. | |
240 | ||
890fbae2 | 241 | If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp |
1da177e4 LT |
242 | which can be made by: |
243 | ||
244 | mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 | |
245 | ||
246 | as root. | |
247 | ||
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248 | Isdn4k-utils |
249 | ------------ | |
250 | ||
251 | Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils | |
252 | needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded. | |
253 | ||
254 | NFS-utils | |
255 | --------- | |
256 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
257 | In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know |
258 | about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This | |
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259 | information would be given to the kernel by "mountd" when the client |
260 | mounted the filesystem, or by "exportfs" at system startup. exportfs | |
261 | would take information about active clients from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab. | |
262 | ||
263 | This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct | |
264 | which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement | |
265 | fail-over. Even when the system is working well, rmtab suffers from | |
266 | getting lots of old entries that never get removed. | |
267 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
268 | With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd |
269 | when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give | |
270 | appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the | |
271 | dependency on rmtab and means that the kernel only needs to know about | |
272 | currently active clients. | |
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273 | |
274 | To enable this new functionality, you need to: | |
275 | ||
e4121712 | 276 | mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd |
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277 | |
278 | before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS | |
279 | services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where | |
280 | that is possible. | |
281 | ||
172d899d AK |
282 | mcelog |
283 | ------ | |
284 | ||
285 | In Linux 2.6.31+ the i386 kernel needs to run the mcelog utility | |
286 | as a regular cronjob similar to the x86-64 kernel to process and log | |
287 | machine check events when CONFIG_X86_NEW_MCE is enabled. Machine check | |
288 | events are errors reported by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged. | |
289 | All x86-64 kernels since 2.6.4 require the mcelog utility to | |
290 | process machine checks. | |
291 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
292 | Getting updated software |
293 | ======================== | |
294 | ||
295 | Kernel compilation | |
296 | ****************** | |
297 | ||
a1365647 AM |
298 | gcc |
299 | --- | |
300 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
301 | |
302 | Make | |
303 | ---- | |
304 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> | |
305 | ||
306 | Binutils | |
307 | -------- | |
308 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> | |
309 | ||
310 | System utilities | |
311 | **************** | |
312 | ||
313 | Util-linux | |
314 | ---------- | |
315 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> | |
316 | ||
317 | Ksymoops | |
318 | -------- | |
319 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> | |
320 | ||
321 | Module-Init-Tools | |
322 | ----------------- | |
323 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/rusty/modules/> | |
324 | ||
325 | Mkinitrd | |
326 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 327 | o <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main> |
1da177e4 LT |
328 | |
329 | E2fsprogs | |
330 | --------- | |
331 | o <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz> | |
332 | ||
333 | JFSutils | |
334 | -------- | |
335 | o <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
336 | ||
337 | Reiserfsprogs | |
338 | ------------- | |
a6557737 | 339 | o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/reiserfs/> |
1da177e4 LT |
340 | |
341 | Xfsprogs | |
342 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 343 | o <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/> |
1da177e4 | 344 | |
5085cb26 DB |
345 | Pcmciautils |
346 | ----------- | |
347 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/> | |
348 | ||
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349 | Pcmcia-cs |
350 | --------- | |
5085cb26 | 351 | o <http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/> |
1da177e4 LT |
352 | |
353 | Quota-tools | |
354 | ---------- | |
355 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> | |
356 | ||
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357 | DocBook Stylesheets |
358 | ------------------- | |
359 | o <http://nwalsh.com/docbook/dsssl/> | |
360 | ||
8b0c2d98 MW |
361 | XMLTO XSLT Frontend |
362 | ------------------- | |
363 | o <http://cyberelk.net/tim/xmlto/> | |
364 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
365 | Intel P6 microcode |
366 | ------------------ | |
367 | o <http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode/> | |
368 | ||
369 | Powertweak | |
370 | ---------- | |
371 | o <http://powertweak.sourceforge.net/> | |
372 | ||
373 | udev | |
374 | ---- | |
375 | o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/udev.html> | |
376 | ||
909021ea MS |
377 | FUSE |
378 | ---- | |
379 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse> | |
380 | ||
172d899d AK |
381 | mcelog |
382 | ------ | |
a6557737 | 383 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/cpu/mce/> |
172d899d | 384 | |
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385 | Networking |
386 | ********** | |
387 | ||
388 | PPP | |
389 | --- | |
a6557737 | 390 | o <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/> |
1da177e4 LT |
391 | |
392 | Isdn4k-utils | |
393 | ------------ | |
a6557737 | 394 | o <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/> |
1da177e4 LT |
395 | |
396 | NFS-utils | |
397 | --------- | |
398 | o <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> | |
399 | ||
400 | Iptables | |
401 | -------- | |
402 | o <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html> | |
403 | ||
404 | Ip-route2 | |
405 | --------- | |
406 | o <ftp://ftp.tux.org/pub/net/ip-routing/iproute2-2.2.4-now-ss991023.tar.gz> | |
407 | ||
408 | OProfile | |
409 | -------- | |
410 | o <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/> | |
411 | ||
412 | NFS-Utils | |
413 | --------- | |
414 | o <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
415 |