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1da177e4 LT |
1 | The Linux NTFS filesystem driver |
2 | ================================ | |
3 | ||
4 | ||
5 | Table of contents | |
6 | ================= | |
7 | ||
8 | - Overview | |
9 | - Web site | |
10 | - Features | |
11 | - Supported mount options | |
12 | - Known bugs and (mis-)features | |
13 | - Using NTFS volume and stripe sets | |
14 | - The Device-Mapper driver | |
15 | - The Software RAID / MD driver | |
16 | - Limitiations when using the MD driver | |
17 | - ChangeLog | |
18 | ||
19 | ||
20 | Overview | |
21 | ======== | |
22 | ||
23 | Linux-NTFS comes with a number of user-space programs known as ntfsprogs. | |
c002f425 | 24 | These include mkntfs, a full-featured ntfs filesystem format utility, |
1da177e4 LT |
25 | ntfsundelete used for recovering files that were unintentionally deleted |
26 | from an NTFS volume and ntfsresize which is used to resize an NTFS partition. | |
27 | See the web site for more information. | |
28 | ||
29 | To mount an NTFS 1.2/3.x (Windows NT4/2000/XP/2003) volume, use the file | |
30 | system type 'ntfs'. The driver currently supports read-only mode (with no | |
31 | fault-tolerance, encryption or journalling) and very limited, but safe, write | |
32 | support. | |
33 | ||
34 | For fault tolerance and raid support (i.e. volume and stripe sets), you can | |
35 | use the kernel's Software RAID / MD driver. See section "Using Software RAID | |
36 | with NTFS" for details. | |
37 | ||
38 | ||
39 | Web site | |
40 | ======== | |
41 | ||
42 | There is plenty of additional information on the linux-ntfs web site | |
43 | at http://linux-ntfs.sourceforge.net/ | |
44 | ||
45 | The web site has a lot of additional information, such as a comprehensive | |
46 | FAQ, documentation on the NTFS on-disk format, informaiton on the Linux-NTFS | |
47 | userspace utilities, etc. | |
48 | ||
49 | ||
50 | Features | |
51 | ======== | |
52 | ||
53 | - This is a complete rewrite of the NTFS driver that used to be in the kernel. | |
54 | This new driver implements NTFS read support and is functionally equivalent | |
55 | to the old ntfs driver. | |
56 | - The new driver has full support for sparse files on NTFS 3.x volumes which | |
57 | the old driver isn't happy with. | |
58 | - The new driver supports execution of binaries due to mmap() now being | |
59 | supported. | |
60 | - The new driver supports loopback mounting of files on NTFS which is used by | |
61 | some Linux distributions to enable the user to run Linux from an NTFS | |
62 | partition by creating a large file while in Windows and then loopback | |
63 | mounting the file while in Linux and creating a Linux filesystem on it that | |
64 | is used to install Linux on it. | |
65 | - A comparison of the two drivers using: | |
66 | time find . -type f -exec md5sum "{}" \; | |
67 | run three times in sequence with each driver (after a reboot) on a 1.4GiB | |
68 | NTFS partition, showed the new driver to be 20% faster in total time elapsed | |
69 | (from 9:43 minutes on average down to 7:53). The time spent in user space | |
70 | was unchanged but the time spent in the kernel was decreased by a factor of | |
71 | 2.5 (from 85 CPU seconds down to 33). | |
72 | - The driver does not support short file names in general. For backwards | |
73 | compatibility, we implement access to files using their short file names if | |
74 | they exist. The driver will not create short file names however, and a | |
75 | rename will discard any existing short file name. | |
76 | - The new driver supports exporting of mounted NTFS volumes via NFS. | |
77 | - The new driver supports async io (aio). | |
78 | - The new driver supports fsync(2), fdatasync(2), and msync(2). | |
79 | - The new driver supports readv(2) and writev(2). | |
80 | - The new driver supports access time updates (including mtime and ctime). | |
81 | ||
82 | ||
83 | Supported mount options | |
84 | ======================= | |
85 | ||
86 | In addition to the generic mount options described by the manual page for the | |
87 | mount command (man 8 mount, also see man 5 fstab), the NTFS driver supports the | |
88 | following mount options: | |
89 | ||
90 | iocharset=name Deprecated option. Still supported but please use | |
91 | nls=name in the future. See description for nls=name. | |
92 | ||
93 | nls=name Character set to use when returning file names. | |
94 | Unlike VFAT, NTFS suppresses names that contain | |
95 | unconvertible characters. Note that most character | |
96 | sets contain insufficient characters to represent all | |
97 | possible Unicode characters that can exist on NTFS. | |
98 | To be sure you are not missing any files, you are | |
99 | advised to use nls=utf8 which is capable of | |
100 | representing all Unicode characters. | |
101 | ||
102 | utf8=<bool> Option no longer supported. Currently mapped to | |
103 | nls=utf8 but please use nls=utf8 in the future and | |
104 | make sure utf8 is compiled either as module or into | |
105 | the kernel. See description for nls=name. | |
106 | ||
107 | uid= | |
108 | gid= | |
109 | umask= Provide default owner, group, and access mode mask. | |
110 | These options work as documented in mount(8). By | |
111 | default, the files/directories are owned by root and | |
112 | he/she has read and write permissions, as well as | |
113 | browse permission for directories. No one else has any | |
114 | access permissions. I.e. the mode on all files is by | |
115 | default rw------- and for directories rwx------, a | |
116 | consequence of the default fmask=0177 and dmask=0077. | |
117 | Using a umask of zero will grant all permissions to | |
118 | everyone, i.e. all files and directories will have mode | |
119 | rwxrwxrwx. | |
120 | ||
121 | fmask= | |
122 | dmask= Instead of specifying umask which applies both to | |
123 | files and directories, fmask applies only to files and | |
124 | dmask only to directories. | |
125 | ||
126 | sloppy=<BOOL> If sloppy is specified, ignore unknown mount options. | |
127 | Otherwise the default behaviour is to abort mount if | |
128 | any unknown options are found. | |
129 | ||
130 | show_sys_files=<BOOL> If show_sys_files is specified, show the system files | |
131 | in directory listings. Otherwise the default behaviour | |
132 | is to hide the system files. | |
133 | Note that even when show_sys_files is specified, "$MFT" | |
134 | will not be visible due to bugs/mis-features in glibc. | |
135 | Further, note that irrespective of show_sys_files, all | |
136 | files are accessible by name, i.e. you can always do | |
137 | "ls -l \$UpCase" for example to specifically show the | |
138 | system file containing the Unicode upcase table. | |
139 | ||
140 | case_sensitive=<BOOL> If case_sensitive is specified, treat all file names as | |
141 | case sensitive and create file names in the POSIX | |
142 | namespace. Otherwise the default behaviour is to treat | |
143 | file names as case insensitive and to create file names | |
144 | in the WIN32/LONG name space. Note, the Linux NTFS | |
145 | driver will never create short file names and will | |
146 | remove them on rename/delete of the corresponding long | |
147 | file name. | |
148 | Note that files remain accessible via their short file | |
149 | name, if it exists. If case_sensitive, you will need | |
150 | to provide the correct case of the short file name. | |
151 | ||
c002f425 AA |
152 | disable_sparse=<BOOL> If disable_sparse is specified, creation of sparse |
153 | regions, i.e. holes, inside files is disabled for the | |
154 | volume (for the duration of this mount only). By | |
155 | default, creation of sparse regions is enabled, which | |
156 | is consistent with the behaviour of traditional Unix | |
157 | filesystems. | |
158 | ||
159 | errors=opt What to do when critical filesystem errors are found. | |
1da177e4 LT |
160 | Following values can be used for "opt": |
161 | continue: DEFAULT, try to clean-up as much as | |
162 | possible, e.g. marking a corrupt inode as | |
163 | bad so it is no longer accessed, and then | |
164 | continue. | |
165 | recover: At present only supported is recovery of | |
166 | the boot sector from the backup copy. | |
167 | If read-only mount, the recovery is done | |
168 | in memory only and not written to disk. | |
169 | Note that the options are additive, i.e. specifying: | |
170 | errors=continue,errors=recover | |
171 | means the driver will attempt to recover and if that | |
172 | fails it will clean-up as much as possible and | |
173 | continue. | |
174 | ||
175 | mft_zone_multiplier= Set the MFT zone multiplier for the volume (this | |
176 | setting is not persistent across mounts and can be | |
177 | changed from mount to mount but cannot be changed on | |
178 | remount). Values of 1 to 4 are allowed, 1 being the | |
179 | default. The MFT zone multiplier determines how much | |
180 | space is reserved for the MFT on the volume. If all | |
181 | other space is used up, then the MFT zone will be | |
182 | shrunk dynamically, so this has no impact on the | |
183 | amount of free space. However, it can have an impact | |
184 | on performance by affecting fragmentation of the MFT. | |
185 | In general use the default. If you have a lot of small | |
186 | files then use a higher value. The values have the | |
187 | following meaning: | |
188 | Value MFT zone size (% of volume size) | |
189 | 1 12.5% | |
190 | 2 25% | |
191 | 3 37.5% | |
192 | 4 50% | |
193 | Note this option is irrelevant for read-only mounts. | |
194 | ||
195 | ||
196 | Known bugs and (mis-)features | |
197 | ============================= | |
198 | ||
199 | - The link count on each directory inode entry is set to 1, due to Linux not | |
200 | supporting directory hard links. This may well confuse some user space | |
201 | applications, since the directory names will have the same inode numbers. | |
202 | This also speeds up ntfs_read_inode() immensely. And we haven't found any | |
203 | problems with this approach so far. If you find a problem with this, please | |
204 | let us know. | |
205 | ||
206 | ||
207 | Please send bug reports/comments/feedback/abuse to the Linux-NTFS development | |
208 | list at sourceforge: linux-ntfs-dev@lists.sourceforge.net | |
209 | ||
210 | ||
211 | Using NTFS volume and stripe sets | |
212 | ================================= | |
213 | ||
214 | For support of volume and stripe sets, you can either use the kernel's | |
215 | Device-Mapper driver or the kernel's Software RAID / MD driver. The former is | |
216 | the recommended one to use for linear raid. But the latter is required for | |
217 | raid level 5. For striping and mirroring, either driver should work fine. | |
218 | ||
219 | ||
220 | The Device-Mapper driver | |
221 | ------------------------ | |
222 | ||
223 | You will need to create a table of the components of the volume/stripe set and | |
224 | how they fit together and load this into the kernel using the dmsetup utility | |
225 | (see man 8 dmsetup). | |
226 | ||
227 | Linear volume sets, i.e. linear raid, has been tested and works fine. Even | |
228 | though untested, there is no reason why stripe sets, i.e. raid level 0, and | |
229 | mirrors, i.e. raid level 1 should not work, too. Stripes with parity, i.e. | |
230 | raid level 5, unfortunately cannot work yet because the current version of the | |
231 | Device-Mapper driver does not support raid level 5. You may be able to use the | |
232 | Software RAID / MD driver for raid level 5, see the next section for details. | |
233 | ||
234 | To create the table describing your volume you will need to know each of its | |
235 | components and their sizes in sectors, i.e. multiples of 512-byte blocks. | |
236 | ||
237 | For NT4 fault tolerant volumes you can obtain the sizes using fdisk. So for | |
238 | example if one of your partitions is /dev/hda2 you would do: | |
239 | ||
240 | $ fdisk -ul /dev/hda | |
241 | ||
242 | Disk /dev/hda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes | |
243 | 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders, total 160086528 sectors | |
244 | Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | |
245 | ||
246 | Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System | |
247 | /dev/hda1 * 63 4209029 2104483+ 83 Linux | |
248 | /dev/hda2 4209030 37768814 16779892+ 86 NTFS | |
249 | /dev/hda3 37768815 46170809 4200997+ 83 Linux | |
250 | ||
251 | And you would know that /dev/hda2 has a size of 37768814 - 4209030 + 1 = | |
252 | 33559785 sectors. | |
253 | ||
254 | For Win2k and later dynamic disks, you can for example use the ldminfo utility | |
255 | which is part of the Linux LDM tools (the latest version at the time of | |
256 | writing is linux-ldm-0.0.8.tar.bz2). You can download it from: | |
257 | http://linux-ntfs.sourceforge.net/downloads.html | |
258 | Simply extract the downloaded archive (tar xvjf linux-ldm-0.0.8.tar.bz2), go | |
259 | into it (cd linux-ldm-0.0.8) and change to the test directory (cd test). You | |
260 | will find the precompiled (i386) ldminfo utility there. NOTE: You will not be | |
261 | able to compile this yourself easily so use the binary version! | |
262 | ||
263 | Then you would use ldminfo in dump mode to obtain the necessary information: | |
264 | ||
265 | $ ./ldminfo --dump /dev/hda | |
266 | ||
267 | This would dump the LDM database found on /dev/hda which describes all of your | |
268 | dynamic disks and all the volumes on them. At the bottom you will see the | |
269 | VOLUME DEFINITIONS section which is all you really need. You may need to look | |
270 | further above to determine which of the disks in the volume definitions is | |
271 | which device in Linux. Hint: Run ldminfo on each of your dynamic disks and | |
272 | look at the Disk Id close to the top of the output for each (the PRIVATE HEADER | |
273 | section). You can then find these Disk Ids in the VBLK DATABASE section in the | |
274 | <Disk> components where you will get the LDM Name for the disk that is found in | |
275 | the VOLUME DEFINITIONS section. | |
276 | ||
277 | Note you will also need to enable the LDM driver in the Linux kernel. If your | |
278 | distribution did not enable it, you will need to recompile the kernel with it | |
279 | enabled. This will create the LDM partitions on each device at boot time. You | |
280 | would then use those devices (for /dev/hda they would be /dev/hda1, 2, 3, etc) | |
281 | in the Device-Mapper table. | |
282 | ||
283 | You can also bypass using the LDM driver by using the main device (e.g. | |
284 | /dev/hda) and then using the offsets of the LDM partitions into this device as | |
285 | the "Start sector of device" when creating the table. Once again ldminfo would | |
286 | give you the correct information to do this. | |
287 | ||
288 | Assuming you know all your devices and their sizes things are easy. | |
289 | ||
290 | For a linear raid the table would look like this (note all values are in | |
291 | 512-byte sectors): | |
292 | ||
293 | --- cut here --- | |
294 | # Offset into Size of this Raid type Device Start sector | |
295 | # volume device of device | |
296 | 0 1028161 linear /dev/hda1 0 | |
297 | 1028161 3903762 linear /dev/hdb2 0 | |
298 | 4931923 2103211 linear /dev/hdc1 0 | |
299 | --- cut here --- | |
300 | ||
301 | For a striped volume, i.e. raid level 0, you will need to know the chunk size | |
302 | you used when creating the volume. Windows uses 64kiB as the default, so it | |
303 | will probably be this unless you changes the defaults when creating the array. | |
304 | ||
305 | For a raid level 0 the table would look like this (note all values are in | |
306 | 512-byte sectors): | |
307 | ||
308 | --- cut here --- | |
309 | # Offset Size Raid Number Chunk 1st Start 2nd Start | |
310 | # into of the type of size Device in Device in | |
311 | # volume volume stripes device device | |
312 | 0 2056320 striped 2 128 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0 | |
313 | --- cut here --- | |
314 | ||
315 | If there are more than two devices, just add each of them to the end of the | |
316 | line. | |
317 | ||
318 | Finally, for a mirrored volume, i.e. raid level 1, the table would look like | |
319 | this (note all values are in 512-byte sectors): | |
320 | ||
321 | --- cut here --- | |
322 | # Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Taget Start | |
323 | # in of the type type of log size sync? of Device in Device in | |
324 | # vol volume params mirrors Device Device | |
325 | 0 2056320 mirror core 2 16 nosync 2 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0 | |
326 | --- cut here --- | |
327 | ||
328 | If you are mirroring to multiple devices you can specify further targets at the | |
329 | end of the line. | |
330 | ||
331 | Note the "Should sync?" parameter "nosync" means that the two mirrors are | |
332 | already in sync which will be the case on a clean shutdown of Windows. If the | |
333 | mirrors are not clean, you can specify the "sync" option instead of "nosync" | |
334 | and the Device-Mapper driver will then copy the entirey of the "Source Device" | |
335 | to the "Target Device" or if you specified multipled target devices to all of | |
336 | them. | |
337 | ||
338 | Once you have your table, save it in a file somewhere (e.g. /etc/ntfsvolume1), | |
339 | and hand it over to dmsetup to work with, like so: | |
340 | ||
341 | $ dmsetup create myvolume1 /etc/ntfsvolume1 | |
342 | ||
343 | You can obviously replace "myvolume1" with whatever name you like. | |
344 | ||
345 | If it all worked, you will now have the device /dev/device-mapper/myvolume1 | |
346 | which you can then just use as an argument to the mount command as usual to | |
347 | mount the ntfs volume. For example: | |
348 | ||
349 | $ mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/device-mapper/myvolume1 /mnt/myvol1 | |
350 | ||
351 | (You need to create the directory /mnt/myvol1 first and of course you can use | |
352 | anything you like instead of /mnt/myvol1 as long as it is an existing | |
353 | directory.) | |
354 | ||
355 | It is advisable to do the mount read-only to see if the volume has been setup | |
356 | correctly to avoid the possibility of causing damage to the data on the ntfs | |
357 | volume. | |
358 | ||
359 | ||
360 | The Software RAID / MD driver | |
361 | ----------------------------- | |
362 | ||
363 | An alternative to using the Device-Mapper driver is to use the kernel's | |
364 | Software RAID / MD driver. For which you need to set up your /etc/raidtab | |
365 | appropriately (see man 5 raidtab). | |
366 | ||
367 | Linear volume sets, i.e. linear raid, as well as stripe sets, i.e. raid level | |
368 | 0, have been tested and work fine (though see section "Limitiations when using | |
369 | the MD driver with NTFS volumes" especially if you want to use linear raid). | |
370 | Even though untested, there is no reason why mirrors, i.e. raid level 1, and | |
371 | stripes with parity, i.e. raid level 5, should not work, too. | |
372 | ||
373 | You have to use the "persistent-superblock 0" option for each raid-disk in the | |
374 | NTFS volume/stripe you are configuring in /etc/raidtab as the persistent | |
375 | superblock used by the MD driver would damange the NTFS volume. | |
376 | ||
377 | Windows by default uses a stripe chunk size of 64k, so you probably want the | |
378 | "chunk-size 64k" option for each raid-disk, too. | |
379 | ||
380 | For example, if you have a stripe set consisting of two partitions /dev/hda5 | |
381 | and /dev/hdb1 your /etc/raidtab would look like this: | |
382 | ||
383 | raiddev /dev/md0 | |
384 | raid-level 0 | |
385 | nr-raid-disks 2 | |
386 | nr-spare-disks 0 | |
387 | persistent-superblock 0 | |
388 | chunk-size 64k | |
389 | device /dev/hda5 | |
390 | raid-disk 0 | |
391 | device /dev/hdb1 | |
392 | raid-disl 1 | |
393 | ||
394 | For linear raid, just change the raid-level above to "raid-level linear", for | |
395 | mirrors, change it to "raid-level 1", and for stripe sets with parity, change | |
396 | it to "raid-level 5". | |
397 | ||
398 | Note for stripe sets with parity you will also need to tell the MD driver | |
399 | which parity algorithm to use by specifying the option "parity-algorithm | |
400 | which", where you need to replace "which" with the name of the algorithm to | |
401 | use (see man 5 raidtab for available algorithms) and you will have to try the | |
402 | different available algorithms until you find one that works. Make sure you | |
403 | are working read-only when playing with this as you may damage your data | |
404 | otherwise. If you find which algorithm works please let us know (email the | |
405 | linux-ntfs developers list linux-ntfs-dev@lists.sourceforge.net or drop in on | |
406 | IRC in channel #ntfs on the irc.freenode.net network) so we can update this | |
407 | documentation. | |
408 | ||
409 | Once the raidtab is setup, run for example raid0run -a to start all devices or | |
410 | raid0run /dev/md0 to start a particular md device, in this case /dev/md0. | |
411 | ||
412 | Then just use the mount command as usual to mount the ntfs volume using for | |
413 | example: mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/md0 /mnt/myntfsvolume | |
414 | ||
415 | It is advisable to do the mount read-only to see if the md volume has been | |
416 | setup correctly to avoid the possibility of causing damage to the data on the | |
417 | ntfs volume. | |
418 | ||
419 | ||
420 | Limitiations when using the Software RAID / MD driver | |
421 | ----------------------------------------------------- | |
422 | ||
423 | Using the md driver will not work properly if any of your NTFS partitions have | |
424 | an odd number of sectors. This is especially important for linear raid as all | |
425 | data after the first partition with an odd number of sectors will be offset by | |
426 | one or more sectors so if you mount such a partition with write support you | |
427 | will cause massive damage to the data on the volume which will only become | |
428 | apparent when you try to use the volume again under Windows. | |
429 | ||
430 | So when using linear raid, make sure that all your partitions have an even | |
431 | number of sectors BEFORE attempting to use it. You have been warned! | |
432 | ||
433 | Even better is to simply use the Device-Mapper for linear raid and then you do | |
434 | not have this problem with odd numbers of sectors. | |
435 | ||
436 | ||
437 | ChangeLog | |
438 | ========= | |
439 | ||
440 | Note, a technical ChangeLog aimed at kernel hackers is in fs/ntfs/ChangeLog. | |
441 | ||
7d333d6c AA |
442 | 2.1.24: |
443 | - Support journals ($LogFile) which have been modified by chkdsk. This | |
444 | means users can boot into Windows after we marked the volume dirty. | |
445 | The Windows boot will run chkdsk and then reboot. The user can then | |
446 | immediately boot into Linux rather than having to do a full Windows | |
447 | boot first before rebooting into Linux and we will recognize such a | |
448 | journal and empty it as it is clean by definition. | |
449 | - Support journals ($LogFile) with only one restart page as well as | |
450 | journals with two different restart pages. We sanity check both and | |
451 | either use the only sane one or the more recent one of the two in the | |
452 | case that both are valid. | |
453 | - Lots of bug fixes and enhancements across the board. | |
af859a42 AA |
454 | 2.1.23: |
455 | - Stamp the user space journal, aka transaction log, aka $UsnJrnl, if | |
456 | it is present and active thus telling Windows and applications using | |
457 | the transaction log that changes can have happened on the volume | |
458 | which are not recorded in $UsnJrnl. | |
459 | - Detect the case when Windows has been hibernated (suspended to disk) | |
460 | and if this is the case do not allow (re)mounting read-write to | |
461 | prevent data corruption when you boot back into the suspended | |
462 | Windows session. | |
463 | - Implement extension of resident files using the normal file write | |
464 | code paths, i.e. most very small files can be extended to be a little | |
465 | bit bigger but not by much. | |
ba6d2377 AA |
466 | - Add new mount option "disable_sparse". (See list of mount options |
467 | above for details.) | |
af859a42 AA |
468 | - Improve handling of ntfs volumes with errors and strange boot sectors |
469 | in particular. | |
ba6d2377 AA |
470 | - Fix various bugs including a nasty deadlock that appeared in recent |
471 | kernels (around 2.6.11-2.6.12 timeframe). | |
1da177e4 LT |
472 | 2.1.22: |
473 | - Improve handling of ntfs volumes with errors. | |
474 | - Fix various bugs and race conditions. | |
475 | 2.1.21: | |
476 | - Fix several race conditions and various other bugs. | |
477 | - Many internal cleanups, code reorganization, optimizations, and mft | |
478 | and index record writing code rewritten to fit in with the changes. | |
479 | - Update Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt with instructions on how to | |
480 | use the Device-Mapper driver with NTFS ftdisk/LDM raid. | |
481 | 2.1.20: | |
482 | - Fix two stupid bugs introduced in 2.1.18 release. | |
483 | 2.1.19: | |
484 | - Minor bugfix in handling of the default upcase table. | |
485 | - Many internal cleanups and improvements. Many thanks to Linus | |
486 | Torvalds and Al Viro for the help and advice with the sparse | |
487 | annotations and cleanups. | |
488 | 2.1.18: | |
489 | - Fix scheduling latencies at mount time. (Ingo Molnar) | |
490 | - Fix endianness bug in a little traversed portion of the attribute | |
491 | lookup code. | |
492 | 2.1.17: | |
493 | - Fix bugs in mount time error code paths. | |
494 | 2.1.16: | |
495 | - Implement access time updates (including mtime and ctime). | |
496 | - Implement fsync(2), fdatasync(2), and msync(2) system calls. | |
497 | - Enable the readv(2) and writev(2) system calls. | |
498 | - Enable access via the asynchronous io (aio) API by adding support for | |
499 | the aio_read(3) and aio_write(3) functions. | |
500 | 2.1.15: | |
501 | - Invalidate quotas when (re)mounting read-write. | |
502 | NOTE: This now only leave user space journalling on the side. (See | |
503 | note for version 2.1.13, below.) | |
504 | 2.1.14: | |
505 | - Fix an NFSd caused deadlock reported by several users. | |
506 | 2.1.13: | |
507 | - Implement writing of inodes (access time updates are not implemented | |
508 | yet so mounting with -o noatime,nodiratime is enforced). | |
509 | - Enable writing out of resident files so you can now overwrite any | |
510 | uncompressed, unencrypted, nonsparse file as long as you do not | |
511 | change the file size. | |
512 | - Add housekeeping of ntfs system files so that ntfsfix no longer needs | |
513 | to be run after writing to an NTFS volume. | |
514 | NOTE: This still leaves quota tracking and user space journalling on | |
515 | the side but they should not cause data corruption. In the worst | |
516 | case the charged quotas will be out of date ($Quota) and some | |
517 | userspace applications might get confused due to the out of date | |
518 | userspace journal ($UsnJrnl). | |
519 | 2.1.12: | |
520 | - Fix the second fix to the decompression engine from the 2.1.9 release | |
521 | and some further internals cleanups. | |
522 | 2.1.11: | |
523 | - Driver internal cleanups. | |
524 | 2.1.10: | |
525 | - Force read-only (re)mounting of volumes with unsupported volume | |
526 | flags and various cleanups. | |
527 | 2.1.9: | |
528 | - Fix two bugs in handling of corner cases in the decompression engine. | |
529 | 2.1.8: | |
530 | - Read the $MFT mirror and compare it to the $MFT and if the two do not | |
531 | match, force a read-only mount and do not allow read-write remounts. | |
532 | - Read and parse the $LogFile journal and if it indicates that the | |
533 | volume was not shutdown cleanly, force a read-only mount and do not | |
534 | allow read-write remounts. If the $LogFile indicates a clean | |
535 | shutdown and a read-write (re)mount is requested, empty $LogFile to | |
536 | ensure that Windows cannot cause data corruption by replaying a stale | |
537 | journal after Linux has written to the volume. | |
538 | - Improve time handling so that the NTFS time is fully preserved when | |
539 | converted to kernel time and only up to 99 nano-seconds are lost when | |
540 | kernel time is converted to NTFS time. | |
541 | 2.1.7: | |
542 | - Enable NFS exporting of mounted NTFS volumes. | |
543 | 2.1.6: | |
544 | - Fix minor bug in handling of compressed directories that fixes the | |
545 | erroneous "du" and "stat" output people reported. | |
546 | 2.1.5: | |
547 | - Minor bug fix in attribute list attribute handling that fixes the | |
548 | I/O errors on "ls" of certain fragmented files found by at least two | |
549 | people running Windows XP. | |
550 | 2.1.4: | |
551 | - Minor update allowing compilation with all gcc versions (well, the | |
552 | ones the kernel can be compiled with anyway). | |
553 | 2.1.3: | |
554 | - Major bug fixes for reading files and volumes in corner cases which | |
555 | were being hit by Windows 2k/XP users. | |
556 | 2.1.2: | |
557 | - Major bug fixes aleviating the hangs in statfs experienced by some | |
558 | users. | |
559 | 2.1.1: | |
560 | - Update handling of compressed files so people no longer get the | |
561 | frequently reported warning messages about initialized_size != | |
562 | data_size. | |
563 | 2.1.0: | |
564 | - Add configuration option for developmental write support. | |
565 | - Initial implementation of file overwriting. (Writes to resident files | |
566 | are not written out to disk yet, so avoid writing to files smaller | |
567 | than about 1kiB.) | |
568 | - Intercept/abort changes in file size as they are not implemented yet. | |
569 | 2.0.25: | |
570 | - Minor bugfixes in error code paths and small cleanups. | |
571 | 2.0.24: | |
572 | - Small internal cleanups. | |
573 | - Support for sendfile system call. (Christoph Hellwig) | |
574 | 2.0.23: | |
575 | - Massive internal locking changes to mft record locking. Fixes | |
576 | various race conditions and deadlocks. | |
577 | - Fix ntfs over loopback for compressed files by adding an | |
578 | optimization barrier. (gcc was screwing up otherwise ?) | |
579 | Thanks go to Christoph Hellwig for pointing these two out: | |
580 | - Remove now unused function fs/ntfs/malloc.h::vmalloc_nofs(). | |
581 | - Fix ntfs_free() for ia64 and parisc. | |
582 | 2.0.22: | |
583 | - Small internal cleanups. | |
584 | 2.0.21: | |
585 | These only affect 32-bit architectures: | |
586 | - Check for, and refuse to mount too large volumes (maximum is 2TiB). | |
587 | - Check for, and refuse to open too large files and directories | |
588 | (maximum is 16TiB). | |
589 | 2.0.20: | |
590 | - Support non-resident directory index bitmaps. This means we now cope | |
591 | with huge directories without problems. | |
592 | - Fix a page leak that manifested itself in some cases when reading | |
593 | directory contents. | |
594 | - Internal cleanups. | |
595 | 2.0.19: | |
596 | - Fix race condition and improvements in block i/o interface. | |
597 | - Optimization when reading compressed files. | |
598 | 2.0.18: | |
599 | - Fix race condition in reading of compressed files. | |
600 | 2.0.17: | |
601 | - Cleanups and optimizations. | |
602 | 2.0.16: | |
603 | - Fix stupid bug introduced in 2.0.15 in new attribute inode API. | |
604 | - Big internal cleanup replacing the mftbmp access hacks by using the | |
605 | new attribute inode API instead. | |
606 | 2.0.15: | |
607 | - Bug fix in parsing of remount options. | |
608 | - Internal changes implementing attribute (fake) inodes allowing all | |
609 | attribute i/o to go via the page cache and to use all the normal | |
610 | vfs/mm functionality. | |
611 | 2.0.14: | |
612 | - Internal changes improving run list merging code and minor locking | |
613 | change to not rely on BKL in ntfs_statfs(). | |
614 | 2.0.13: | |
615 | - Internal changes towards using iget5_locked() in preparation for | |
616 | fake inodes and small cleanups to ntfs_volume structure. | |
617 | 2.0.12: | |
618 | - Internal cleanups in address space operations made possible by the | |
619 | changes introduced in the previous release. | |
620 | 2.0.11: | |
621 | - Internal updates and cleanups introducing the first step towards | |
622 | fake inode based attribute i/o. | |
623 | 2.0.10: | |
624 | - Microsoft says that the maximum number of inodes is 2^32 - 1. Update | |
625 | the driver accordingly to only use 32-bits to store inode numbers on | |
626 | 32-bit architectures. This improves the speed of the driver a little. | |
627 | 2.0.9: | |
628 | - Change decompression engine to use a single buffer. This should not | |
629 | affect performance except perhaps on the most heavy i/o on SMP | |
630 | systems when accessing multiple compressed files from multiple | |
631 | devices simultaneously. | |
632 | - Minor updates and cleanups. | |
633 | 2.0.8: | |
634 | - Remove now obsolete show_inodes and posix mount option(s). | |
635 | - Restore show_sys_files mount option. | |
636 | - Add new mount option case_sensitive, to determine if the driver | |
637 | treats file names as case sensitive or not. | |
638 | - Mostly drop support for short file names (for backwards compatibility | |
639 | we only support accessing files via their short file name if one | |
640 | exists). | |
641 | - Fix dcache aliasing issues wrt short/long file names. | |
642 | - Cleanups and minor fixes. | |
643 | 2.0.7: | |
644 | - Just cleanups. | |
645 | 2.0.6: | |
646 | - Major bugfix to make compatible with other kernel changes. This fixes | |
647 | the hangs/oopses on umount. | |
648 | - Locking cleanup in directory operations (remove BKL usage). | |
649 | 2.0.5: | |
650 | - Major buffer overflow bug fix. | |
651 | - Minor cleanups and updates for kernel 2.5.12. | |
652 | 2.0.4: | |
653 | - Cleanups and updates for kernel 2.5.11. | |
654 | 2.0.3: | |
655 | - Small bug fixes, cleanups, and performance improvements. | |
656 | 2.0.2: | |
657 | - Use default fmask of 0177 so that files are no executable by default. | |
658 | If you want owner executable files, just use fmask=0077. | |
659 | - Update for kernel 2.5.9 but preserve backwards compatibility with | |
660 | kernel 2.5.7. | |
661 | - Minor bug fixes, cleanups, and updates. | |
662 | 2.0.1: | |
663 | - Minor updates, primarily set the executable bit by default on files | |
664 | so they can be executed. | |
665 | 2.0.0: | |
666 | - Started ChangeLog. | |
667 |