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1 | %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
2 | ||
3 | %This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger. | |
0b302171 JB |
4 | %Copyright (C) 1991-1993, 1996, 1998-2000, 2007-2012 Free Software |
5 | %Foundation, Inc. | |
c906108c SS |
6 | %Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of |
7 | %this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices | |
8 | %are preserved on all copies. | |
9 | % | |
10 | %TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source | |
11 | %for a program to generate a reference. | |
12 | % | |
13 | %This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
14 | %it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
15 | %the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
16 | %any later version. | |
17 | % | |
18 | %This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but | |
19 | %WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
20 | %MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU | |
21 | %General Public License for more details. | |
22 | % | |
23 | %You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL | |
24 | %http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software | |
c02a867d EZ |
25 | %Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, |
26 | %Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. | |
c906108c SS |
27 | %You can contact the maintainer at: doc@cygnus.com |
28 | % | |
29 | % Documentation Department | |
30 | % Cygnus Solutions | |
31 | % 1325 Chesapeake Terrace | |
32 | % Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA | |
33 | % | |
34 | % +1 800 CYGNUS-1 | |
35 | % | |
36 | % | |
37 | % | |
38 | % 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel | |
39 | % | |
40 | % Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly. | |
41 | % You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the | |
42 | % horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge* | |
43 | % and the interline and interspec spacing. | |
44 | % In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the | |
45 | % latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values. | |
46 | % All other values will be computed at process time so it should be | |
47 | % quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to | |
48 | % guess :-) | |
49 | % | |
50 | % To find the configuration places, just search for the string | |
51 | % "CONFIGURATION". | |
52 | % | |
53 | % Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de) | |
54 | % | |
55 | % | |
56 | % | |
57 | % Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print | |
58 | % out in a larger font. Caution! You may need larger paper. You had | |
59 | % best avoid using 3-column output if you try this. See the ``Three | |
60 | % column format'' section below if you want to print in three column | |
61 | % format. | |
62 | % | |
63 | %\magnification=\magstep 1 | |
64 | % | |
65 | % NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB | |
66 | % commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose | |
67 | % to omit. In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor | |
68 | % all variations of a command. | |
69 | % The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default | |
70 | % keybindings. GDB startup options are not described. | |
16899756 | 71 | % set print sevenbit-strings omitted. |
c906108c SS |
72 | % printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily |
73 | % share omitted due to obsolescence | |
74 | % set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB. | |
75 | % | |
76 | %-------------------- Three column format ----------------------- | |
77 | ||
78 | %%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section | |
79 | ||
80 | % Three-column format for landscape printing | |
81 | ||
82 | %-------- Papersize defs: | |
83 | ||
84 | \newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight | |
85 | \newdimen\hmargin \newdimen\vmargin | |
86 | \newdimen\secskip \newdimen\lskip | |
87 | \newdimen\barwidth \newdimen\barheight | |
88 | \newdimen\intersecwidth | |
89 | ||
90 | %% | |
91 | %% START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS | |
92 | %------- Papersize params: | |
93 | %% US letter paper (8.5x11in) | |
94 | %% | |
95 | \totalwidth=11in % total width of paper | |
96 | \totalheight=8.5in % total height of paper | |
97 | \hmargin=.25in % horizontal margin width | |
98 | \vmargin=.25in % vertical margin width | |
99 | \secskip=1pc % space between refcard secs | |
100 | \lskip=2pt % extra skip between \sec entries | |
9453113a DJ |
101 | \ifx\pdfoutput\undefined\else % check if we are using pdfTeX |
102 | \pdfpagewidth=\totalwidth % width of paper in pdf output | |
103 | \pdfpageheight=\totalheight % height of paper in pdf output | |
104 | \fi | |
c906108c SS |
105 | %------- end papersize params |
106 | %% | |
107 | %% change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent | |
108 | %% | |
109 | \barwidth=.1pt % width of the cropmark bar | |
110 | \barheight=2pt % height of the cropmark bar | |
111 | \intersecwidth=0.5em % width between \itmwid and \dfnwid | |
112 | %% | |
113 | %% END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS | |
114 | %% | |
115 | ||
116 | %% | |
117 | %% values to be computed - nothing to configure | |
118 | %% | |
119 | \newdimen\fullhsize % width of area without margins | |
120 | \newdimen\itmwid % width of item column | |
121 | \newdimen\dfnwid % width of definition column | |
122 | \newdimen\temp % only for temporary use | |
123 | ||
124 | %% | |
125 | %% adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge* | |
126 | %% | |
127 | \hoffset=-1in \advance \hoffset by \hmargin | |
128 | \voffset=-1in \advance \voffset by \vmargin | |
129 | ||
130 | %% | |
131 | %% fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin) | |
132 | %% | |
133 | \fullhsize=\totalwidth | |
134 | \temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \fullhsize by -\temp | |
135 | ||
136 | %% | |
137 | %% hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3 | |
138 | %% | |
139 | \hsize=\fullhsize | |
140 | \temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 4 \advance \hsize by -\temp | |
141 | \temp=\barwidth \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \hsize by -\temp | |
142 | \divide \hsize by 3 | |
143 | ||
144 | %% | |
145 | %% vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin) | |
146 | %% | |
147 | \vsize=\totalheight | |
148 | \temp=\vmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \vsize by -\temp | |
149 | ||
150 | %% | |
151 | %% itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3 | |
152 | %% dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3 | |
153 | %% | |
154 | \temp=\hsize \advance \temp by -\intersecwidth \divide \temp by 3 | |
155 | \itmwid=\temp | |
156 | \dfnwid=\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -\itmwid | |
157 | ||
158 | %-------- end papersize defs | |
159 | ||
160 | ||
161 | \def\fulline{\hbox to \fullhsize} | |
162 | \let\lcr=L \newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn | |
163 | \output={\if L\lcr | |
164 | \global\setbox\leftcolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C | |
165 | \else | |
166 | \if C\lcr | |
167 | \global\setbox\centercolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R | |
168 | \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L | |
169 | \fi | |
170 | \fi | |
171 | % \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi | |
172 | } | |
173 | ||
174 | %% | |
175 | %% START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES | |
176 | %% | |
177 | %% For NO printed folding guide, | |
178 | %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment: | |
179 | ||
180 | %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil} | |
181 | ||
182 | %% For SOLID LINE folding guide, | |
183 | %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment: | |
184 | ||
185 | %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil} | |
186 | ||
187 | %% For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide, | |
188 | %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment: | |
189 | ||
190 | \def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil | |
191 | \vbox to \vsize{\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}\vfill | |
192 | \hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL | |
193 | \hskip\hmargin plus1fil} | |
194 | ||
195 | %% | |
196 | %% END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES | |
197 | %% | |
198 | ||
199 | \def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor | |
200 | \box\centercolumn\vdecor | |
201 | \columnbox} | |
202 | } | |
203 | \advancepageno} | |
204 | \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} | |
205 | \def\bye{\par\vfill | |
206 | \supereject | |
207 | \if R\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi | |
208 | \end} | |
209 | ||
210 | %-------------------- end three column format ----------------------- | |
211 | ||
212 | %-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: -------------------- | |
213 | \font\bbf=cmbx10 | |
214 | \font\vbbf=cmbx12 | |
215 | \font\smrm=cmr6 | |
216 | \font\brm=cmr10 | |
217 | \font\rm=cmr7 | |
218 | \font\it=cmti7 | |
219 | \font\tt=cmtt8 | |
220 | %-------------------- end font defs --------------------------------- | |
221 | ||
222 | % | |
223 | \hyphenpenalty=5000\tolerance=2000\raggedright\raggedbottom | |
224 | \normalbaselineskip=9pt\baselineskip=9pt | |
225 | % | |
226 | \parindent=0pt | |
227 | \parskip=0pt | |
228 | \footline={\vbox to0pt{\hss}} | |
229 | % | |
230 | \def\ctl#1{{\tt C-#1}} | |
231 | \def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}} | |
232 | \def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}} | |
233 | % | |
234 | \long\def\sec#1;#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip | |
235 | \halign{% | |
236 | %COL 1 (of halign): | |
237 | \vtop{\hsize=\itmwid\tt | |
238 | ##\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil | |
239 | %COL 2 (of halign): | |
240 | &\vtop{\hsize=\dfnwid\hangafter=1\hangindent=\intersecwidth | |
241 | \rm ##\par\vskip \lskip}\cr | |
242 | %Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args: | |
243 | \noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip} | |
244 | #2 | |
245 | } | |
246 | } | |
247 | ||
b157b00f | 248 | {\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version 5}\qquad |
c906108c SS |
249 | |
250 | \sec Essential Commands; | |
251 | gdb {\it program} \opt{{\it core}}&debug {\it program} \opt{using | |
252 | coredump {\it core}}\cr | |
253 | b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it function} \opt{in \it file}\cr | |
254 | run \opt{{\it arglist}}&start your program \opt{with {\it arglist}}\cr | |
255 | bt& backtrace: display program stack\cr | |
256 | p {\it expr}&display the value of an expression\cr | |
257 | c &continue running your program\cr | |
258 | n &next line, stepping over function calls\cr | |
259 | s &next line, stepping into function calls\cr | |
260 | \endsec | |
261 | ||
262 | \sec Starting GDB; | |
263 | gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files\cr | |
264 | gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr | |
265 | gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it | |
266 | program}\cr | |
267 | gdb --help&describe command line options\cr | |
268 | \endsec | |
269 | ||
270 | \sec Stopping GDB; | |
271 | quit&exit GDB; also {\tt q} or {\tt EOF} (eg \ctl{d})\cr | |
272 | INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command, or send to running process\cr | |
273 | \endsec | |
274 | ||
275 | \sec Getting Help; | |
276 | help&list classes of commands\cr | |
277 | help {\it class}&one-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr | |
278 | help {\it command}&describe {\it command}\cr | |
279 | \endsec | |
280 | ||
281 | \sec Executing your Program; | |
282 | run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr | |
283 | run&start your program with current argument list\cr | |
284 | run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start your program with input, output | |
285 | redirected\cr | |
286 | \cr | |
287 | kill&kill running program\cr | |
288 | \cr | |
289 | tty {\it dev}&use {\it dev} as stdin and stdout for next {\tt run}\cr | |
290 | set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next | |
291 | {\tt run}\cr | |
292 | set args&specify empty argument list\cr | |
293 | show args&display argument list\cr | |
294 | \cr | |
295 | show env&show all environment variables\cr | |
296 | show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr | |
297 | set env {\it var} {\it string}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr | |
298 | unset env {\it var}&remove {\it var} from environment\cr | |
299 | \endsec | |
300 | ||
301 | \sec Shell Commands; | |
302 | cd {\it dir}&change working directory to {\it dir}\cr | |
303 | pwd&Print working directory\cr | |
304 | make $\ldots$&call ``{\tt make}''\cr | |
305 | shell {\it cmd}&execute arbitrary shell command string\cr | |
306 | \endsec | |
307 | ||
308 | \vfill | |
309 | \line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments \hfill $\ldots$ show | |
310 | one or more arguments} | |
311 | \vskip\baselineskip | |
ddc4e9c1 | 312 | \centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998, 2000, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back} |
c906108c SS |
313 | \eject |
314 | \sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints; | |
315 | break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}\par | |
316 | b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par | |
317 | eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr | |
318 | break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it func}&set breakpoint at {\it | |
319 | func} \opt{in \it file}\cr | |
320 | break +{\it offset}\par | |
321 | break -{\it offset}&set break at {\it offset} lines from current stop\cr | |
322 | break *{\it addr}&set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr | |
323 | break&set breakpoint at next instruction\cr | |
324 | break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr | |
325 | cond {\it n} \opt{\it expr}&new conditional expression on breakpoint | |
326 | {\it n}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr | |
327 | tbreak $\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached\cr | |
8bd10a10 CM |
328 | rbreak \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it regex}&break on all functions matching {\it |
329 | regex} \opt{in \it file}\cr | |
c906108c SS |
330 | watch {\it expr}&set a watchpoint for expression {\it expr}\cr |
331 | catch {\it event}&break at {\it event}, which may be {\tt catch}, {\tt throw}, | |
332 | {\tt exec}, {\tt fork}, {\tt vfork}, {\tt load}, or {\tt unload}.\cr | |
333 | \cr | |
334 | info break&show defined breakpoints\cr | |
335 | info watch&show defined watchpoints\cr | |
336 | \cr | |
337 | clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction\cr | |
338 | clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&delete breakpoints at entry to {\it fun}()\cr | |
339 | clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&delete breakpoints on source line \cr | |
340 | delete \opt{{\it n}}&delete breakpoints | |
341 | \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}\cr | |
342 | \cr | |
343 | disable \opt{{\it n}}&disable breakpoints | |
344 | \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}} | |
345 | \cr | |
346 | enable \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints | |
347 | \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}} | |
348 | \cr | |
349 | enable once \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}; | |
350 | disable again when reached | |
351 | \cr | |
352 | enable del \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}; | |
353 | delete when reached | |
354 | \cr | |
355 | \cr | |
356 | ignore {\it n} {\it count}&ignore breakpoint {\it n}, {\it count} | |
357 | times\cr | |
358 | \cr | |
359 | commands {\it n}\par | |
360 | \qquad \opt{\tt silent}\par | |
361 | \qquad {\it command-list}&execute GDB {\it command-list} every time breakpoint {\it n} is reached. \opt{{\tt silent} suppresses default | |
362 | display}\cr | |
363 | end&end of {\it command-list}\cr | |
364 | \endsec | |
365 | ||
366 | \sec Program Stack; | |
367 | backtrace \opt{\it n}\par | |
368 | bt \opt{\it n}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of {\it n} | |
369 | frames---innermost if {\it n}{\tt >0}, outermost if {\it n}{\tt <0}\cr | |
370 | frame \opt{\it n}&select frame number {\it n} or frame at address {\it | |
371 | n}; if no {\it n}, display current frame\cr | |
372 | up {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames up\cr | |
373 | down {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames down\cr | |
374 | info frame \opt{\it addr}&describe selected frame, or frame at | |
375 | {\it addr}\cr | |
376 | info args&arguments of selected frame\cr | |
377 | info locals&local variables of selected frame\cr | |
378 | info reg \opt{\it rn}$\ldots$\par | |
379 | info all-reg \opt{\it rn}®ister values \opt{for regs {\it rn\/}} in | |
380 | selected frame; {\tt all-reg} includes floating point\cr | |
381 | \endsec | |
382 | ||
383 | \vfill\eject | |
384 | \sec Execution Control; | |
385 | continue \opt{\it count}\par | |
386 | c \opt{\it count}&continue running; if {\it count} specified, ignore | |
387 | this breakpoint next {\it count} times\cr | |
388 | \cr | |
389 | step \opt{\it count}\par | |
390 | s \opt{\it count}&execute until another line reached; repeat {\it count} times if | |
391 | specified\cr | |
392 | stepi \opt{\it count}\par | |
393 | si \opt{\it count}&step by machine instructions rather than source | |
394 | lines\cr | |
395 | \cr | |
396 | next \opt{\it count}\par | |
397 | n \opt{\it count}&execute next line, including any function calls\cr | |
398 | nexti \opt{\it count}\par | |
399 | ni \opt{\it count}&next machine instruction rather than source | |
400 | line\cr | |
401 | \cr | |
402 | until \opt{\it location}&run until next instruction (or {\it | |
403 | location})\cr | |
404 | finish&run until selected stack frame returns\cr | |
405 | return \opt{\it expr}&pop selected stack frame without executing | |
406 | \opt{setting return value}\cr | |
407 | signal {\it num}&resume execution with signal {\it s} (none if {\tt 0})\cr | |
408 | jump {\it line}\par | |
409 | jump *{\it address}&resume execution at specified {\it line} number or | |
410 | {\it address}\cr | |
411 | set var={\it expr}&evaluate {\it expr} without displaying it; use for | |
412 | altering program variables\cr | |
413 | \endsec | |
414 | ||
415 | \sec Display; | |
416 | print \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}\par | |
417 | p \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} \opt{or | |
418 | last value \tt \$} according to format {\it f}:\cr | |
419 | \qquad x&hexadecimal\cr | |
420 | \qquad d&signed decimal\cr | |
421 | \qquad u&unsigned decimal\cr | |
422 | \qquad o&octal\cr | |
423 | \qquad t&binary\cr | |
424 | \qquad a&address, absolute and relative\cr | |
425 | \qquad c&character\cr | |
426 | \qquad f&floating point\cr | |
427 | call \opt{\tt /{\it f}\/} {\it expr}&like {\tt print} but does not display | |
428 | {\tt void}\cr | |
429 | x \opt{\tt/{\it Nuf}\/} {\it expr}&examine memory at address {\it expr}; | |
430 | optional format spec follows slash\cr | |
431 | \quad {\it N}&count of how many units to display\cr | |
432 | \quad {\it u}&unit size; one of\cr | |
433 | &{\tt\qquad b}\ individual bytes\cr | |
434 | &{\tt\qquad h}\ halfwords (two bytes)\cr | |
435 | &{\tt\qquad w}\ words (four bytes)\cr | |
436 | &{\tt\qquad g}\ giant words (eight bytes)\cr | |
437 | \quad {\it f}&printing format. Any {\tt print} format, or\cr | |
438 | &{\tt\qquad s}\ null-terminated string\cr | |
439 | &{\tt\qquad i}\ machine instructions\cr | |
440 | disassem \opt{\it addr}&display memory as machine instructions\cr | |
441 | \endsec | |
442 | ||
443 | \sec Automatic Display; | |
444 | display \opt{\tt/\it f\/} {\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} each time | |
445 | program stops \opt{according to format {\it f}\/}\cr | |
446 | display&display all enabled expressions on list\cr | |
447 | undisplay {\it n}&remove number(s) {\it n} from list of | |
448 | automatically displayed expressions\cr | |
449 | disable disp {\it n}&disable display for expression(s) number {\it | |
450 | n}\cr | |
451 | enable disp {\it n}&enable display for expression(s) number {\it | |
452 | n}\cr | |
453 | info display&numbered list of display expressions\cr | |
454 | \endsec | |
455 | ||
456 | \vfill\eject | |
457 | ||
458 | \sec Expressions; | |
459 | {\it expr}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-2 (including function calls), or:\cr | |
460 | {\it addr\/}@{\it len}&an array of {\it len} elements beginning at {\it | |
461 | addr}\cr | |
462 | {\it file}::{\it nm}&a variable or function {\it nm} defined in {\it | |
463 | file}\cr | |
464 | $\tt\{${\it type}$\tt\}${\it addr}&read memory at {\it addr} as specified | |
465 | {\it type}\cr | |
466 | \$&most recent displayed value\cr | |
467 | \${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value\cr | |
468 | \$\$&displayed value previous to \$\cr | |
469 | \$\${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value back from \$\cr | |
470 | \$\_&last address examined with {\tt x}\cr | |
471 | \$\_\_&value at address \$\_\cr | |
472 | \${\it var}&convenience variable; assign any value\cr | |
473 | \cr | |
474 | show values \opt{{\it n}}&show last 10 values \opt{or surrounding | |
475 | \${\it n}}\cr | |
476 | show conv&display all convenience variables\cr | |
477 | \endsec | |
478 | ||
479 | \sec Symbol Table; | |
480 | info address {\it s}&show where symbol {\it s} is stored\cr | |
481 | info func \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of defined functions | |
482 | (all, or matching {\it regex})\cr | |
483 | info var \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of global variables (all, | |
484 | or matching {\it regex})\cr | |
485 | whatis \opt{\it expr}\par | |
486 | ptype \opt{\it expr}&show data type of {\it expr} \opt{or \tt \$} | |
487 | without evaluating; {\tt ptype} gives more detail\cr | |
488 | ptype {\it type}&describe type, struct, union, or enum\cr | |
489 | \endsec | |
490 | ||
491 | \sec GDB Scripts; | |
492 | source {\it script}&read, execute GDB commands from file {\it | |
493 | script}\cr | |
494 | \cr | |
495 | define {\it cmd}\par | |
496 | \qquad {\it command-list}&create new GDB command {\it cmd}; | |
497 | execute script defined by {\it command-list}\cr | |
498 | end&end of {\it command-list}\cr | |
499 | document {\it cmd}\par | |
500 | \qquad {\it help-text}&create online documentation | |
501 | for new GDB command {\it cmd}\cr | |
502 | end&end of {\it help-text}\cr | |
503 | \endsec | |
504 | ||
505 | \sec Signals; | |
506 | handle {\it signal} {\it act}&specify GDB actions for {\it signal}:\cr | |
507 | \quad print&announce signal\cr | |
508 | \quad noprint&be silent for signal\cr | |
509 | \quad stop&halt execution on signal\cr | |
510 | \quad nostop&do not halt execution\cr | |
511 | \quad pass&allow your program to handle signal\cr | |
512 | \quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal\cr | |
513 | info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each\cr | |
514 | \endsec | |
515 | ||
516 | \sec Debugging Targets; | |
517 | target {\it type} {\it param}&connect to target machine, process, or file\cr | |
518 | help target&display available targets\cr | |
519 | attach {\it param}&connect to another process\cr | |
520 | detach&release target from GDB control\cr | |
521 | \endsec | |
522 | ||
523 | \vfill\eject | |
524 | \sec Controlling GDB; | |
525 | set {\it param} {\it value}&set one of GDB's internal parameters\cr | |
526 | show {\it param}&display current setting of parameter\cr | |
527 | \xtra{\rm Parameters understood by {\tt set} and {\tt show}:} | |
528 | \quad complaint {\it limit}&number of messages on unusual symbols\cr | |
529 | \quad confirm {\it on/off}&enable or disable cautionary queries\cr | |
530 | \quad editing {\it on/off}&control {\tt readline} command-line editing\cr | |
531 | \quad height {\it lpp}&number of lines before pause in display\cr | |
532 | \quad language {\it lang}&Language for GDB expressions ({\tt auto}, {\tt c} or | |
533 | {\tt modula-2})\cr | |
534 | \quad listsize {\it n}&number of lines shown by {\tt list}\cr | |
535 | \quad prompt {\it str}&use {\it str} as GDB prompt\cr | |
536 | \quad radix {\it base}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation\cr | |
537 | \quad verbose {\it on/off}&control messages when loading | |
538 | symbols\cr | |
539 | \quad width {\it cpl}&number of characters before line folded\cr | |
540 | \quad write {\it on/off}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files | |
541 | (when reopened with {\tt exec} or {\tt core}) | |
542 | \cr | |
543 | \quad history $\ldots$\par | |
544 | \quad h $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr | |
545 | \quad h exp {\it off/on}&disable/enable {\tt readline} history expansion\cr | |
546 | \quad h file {\it filename}&file for recording GDB command history\cr | |
547 | \quad h size {\it size}&number of commands kept in history list\cr | |
548 | \quad h save {\it off/on}&control use of external file for | |
549 | command history\cr | |
550 | \cr | |
551 | \quad print $\ldots$\par | |
552 | \quad p $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr | |
553 | \quad p address {\it on/off}&print memory addresses in stacks, | |
554 | values\cr | |
555 | \quad p array {\it off/on}&compact or attractive format for | |
556 | arrays\cr | |
557 | \quad p demangl {\it on/off}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++ | |
558 | symbols\cr | |
559 | \quad p asm-dem {\it on/off}&demangle C++ symbols in | |
560 | machine-instruction output\cr | |
561 | \quad p elements {\it limit}&number of array elements to display\cr | |
562 | \quad p object {\it on/off}&print C++ derived types for objects\cr | |
563 | \quad p pretty {\it off/on}&struct display: compact or indented\cr | |
564 | \quad p union {\it on/off}&display of union members\cr | |
565 | \quad p vtbl {\it off/on}&display of C++ virtual function | |
566 | tables\cr | |
567 | \cr | |
568 | show commands&show last 10 commands\cr | |
569 | show commands {\it n}&show 10 commands around number {\it n}\cr | |
570 | show commands +&show next 10 commands\cr | |
571 | \endsec | |
572 | ||
573 | \sec Working Files; | |
574 | file \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} for both symbols and executable; | |
575 | with no arg, discard both\cr | |
576 | core \opt{\it file}&read {\it file} as coredump; or discard\cr | |
577 | exec \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} as executable only; or discard\cr | |
578 | symbol \opt{\it file}&use symbol table from {\it file}; or discard\cr | |
579 | load {\it file}&dynamically link {\it file\/} and add its symbols\cr | |
580 | add-sym {\it file} {\it addr}&read additional symbols from {\it file}, | |
581 | dynamically loaded at {\it addr}\cr | |
582 | info files&display working files and targets in use\cr | |
583 | path {\it dirs}&add {\it dirs} to front of path searched for | |
584 | executable and symbol files\cr | |
585 | show path&display executable and symbol file path\cr | |
586 | info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded\cr | |
587 | \endsec | |
588 | ||
589 | \vfill\eject | |
590 | \sec Source Files; | |
591 | dir {\it names}&add directory {\it names} to front of source path\cr | |
592 | dir&clear source path\cr | |
593 | show dir&show current source path\cr | |
594 | \cr | |
595 | list&show next ten lines of source\cr | |
596 | list -&show previous ten lines\cr | |
597 | list {\it lines}&display source surrounding {\it lines}, | |
598 | specified as:\cr | |
599 | \quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it num}&line number \opt{in named file}\cr | |
600 | \quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it function}&beginning of function \opt{in | |
601 | named file}\cr | |
602 | \quad{\tt +\it off}&{\it off} lines after last printed\cr | |
603 | \quad{\tt -\it off}&{\it off} lines previous to last printed\cr | |
604 | \quad{\tt*\it address}&line containing {\it address}\cr | |
605 | list {\it f},{\it l}&from line {\it f} to line {\it l}\cr | |
606 | info line {\it num}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for | |
607 | source line {\it num}\cr | |
608 | info source&show name of current source file\cr | |
609 | info sources&list all source files in use\cr | |
610 | forw {\it regex}&search following source lines for {\it regex}\cr | |
611 | rev {\it regex}&search preceding source lines for {\it regex}\cr | |
612 | \endsec | |
613 | ||
614 | \sec GDB under GNU Emacs; | |
615 | M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs\cr | |
616 | \ctl{h} m&describe GDB mode\cr | |
617 | M-s&step one line ({\tt step})\cr | |
618 | M-n&next line ({\tt next})\cr | |
619 | M-i&step one instruction ({\tt stepi})\cr | |
620 | \ctl{c} \ctl{f}&finish current stack frame ({\tt finish})\cr | |
621 | M-c&continue ({\tt cont})\cr | |
622 | M-u&up {\it arg} frames ({\tt up})\cr | |
623 | M-d&down {\it arg} frames ({\tt down})\cr | |
624 | \ctl{x} \&© number from point, insert at end\cr | |
625 | \ctl{x} SPC&(in source file) set break at point\cr | |
626 | \endsec | |
627 | ||
628 | \sec GDB License; | |
629 | show copying&Display GNU General Public License\cr | |
630 | show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB. Display full no-warranty | |
631 | statement.\cr | |
632 | \endsec | |
633 | ||
634 | ||
635 | \vfill | |
636 | {\smrm\parskip=6pt | |
ddc4e9c1 | 637 | Copyright \copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
5f208f6d EZ |
638 | Author: Roland H. Pesch |
639 | ||
640 | The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card. | |
c906108c SS |
641 | |
642 | This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU | |
643 | General Public License. | |
644 | ||
5f208f6d EZ |
645 | Please contribute to development of this card by |
646 | annotating it. Improvements can be sent to bug-gdb@gnu.org. | |
c906108c SS |
647 | |
648 | GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of | |
649 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. There is | |
650 | absolutely no warranty for GDB. | |
651 | } | |
652 | \end |