| 1 | /* strings -- print the strings of printable characters in files |
| 2 | Copyright (C) 1993, 94 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| 3 | |
| 4 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
| 5 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
| 6 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) |
| 7 | any later version. |
| 8 | |
| 9 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
| 10 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
| 11 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
| 12 | GNU General Public License for more details. |
| 13 | |
| 14 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
| 15 | along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
| 16 | Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */ |
| 17 | \f |
| 18 | /* Usage: strings [options] file... |
| 19 | |
| 20 | Options: |
| 21 | --all |
| 22 | -a |
| 23 | - Do not scan only the initialized data section of object files. |
| 24 | |
| 25 | --print-file-name |
| 26 | -f Print the name of the file before each string. |
| 27 | |
| 28 | --bytes=min-len |
| 29 | -n min-len |
| 30 | -min-len Print graphic char sequences, MIN-LEN or more bytes long, |
| 31 | that are followed by a NUL or a newline. Default is 4. |
| 32 | |
| 33 | --radix={o,x,d} |
| 34 | -t {o,x,d} Print the offset within the file before each string, |
| 35 | in octal/hex/decimal. |
| 36 | |
| 37 | -o Like -to. (Some other implementations have -o like -to, |
| 38 | others like -td. We chose one arbitrarily.) |
| 39 | |
| 40 | --target=BFDNAME |
| 41 | Specify a non-default object file format. |
| 42 | |
| 43 | --help |
| 44 | -h Print the usage message on the standard output. |
| 45 | |
| 46 | --version |
| 47 | -v Print the program version number. |
| 48 | |
| 49 | Written by Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.ai.mit.edu> |
| 50 | and David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */ |
| 51 | |
| 52 | #include <stdio.h> |
| 53 | #include <getopt.h> |
| 54 | #include <ctype.h> |
| 55 | #include <errno.h> |
| 56 | #include "bfd.h" |
| 57 | #include "bucomm.h" |
| 58 | |
| 59 | #ifdef isascii |
| 60 | #define isgraphic(c) (isascii (c) && isprint (c)) |
| 61 | #else |
| 62 | #define isgraphic(c) (isprint (c)) |
| 63 | #endif |
| 64 | |
| 65 | #ifndef errno |
| 66 | extern int errno; |
| 67 | #endif |
| 68 | |
| 69 | /* The BFD section flags that identify an initialized data section. */ |
| 70 | #define DATA_FLAGS (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) |
| 71 | |
| 72 | /* Radix for printing addresses (must be 8, 10 or 16). */ |
| 73 | static int address_radix; |
| 74 | |
| 75 | /* Minimum length of sequence of graphic chars to trigger output. */ |
| 76 | static int string_min; |
| 77 | |
| 78 | /* true means print address within file for each string. */ |
| 79 | static boolean print_addresses; |
| 80 | |
| 81 | /* true means print filename for each string. */ |
| 82 | static boolean print_filenames; |
| 83 | |
| 84 | /* true means for object files scan only the data section. */ |
| 85 | static boolean datasection_only; |
| 86 | |
| 87 | /* true if we found an initialized data section in the current file. */ |
| 88 | static boolean got_a_section; |
| 89 | |
| 90 | /* The BFD object file format. */ |
| 91 | static char *target; |
| 92 | |
| 93 | extern char *program_version; |
| 94 | |
| 95 | static struct option long_options[] = |
| 96 | { |
| 97 | {"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'}, |
| 98 | {"print-file-name", no_argument, NULL, 'f'}, |
| 99 | {"bytes", required_argument, NULL, 'n'}, |
| 100 | {"radix", required_argument, NULL, 't'}, |
| 101 | {"target", required_argument, NULL, 'T'}, |
| 102 | {"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'}, |
| 103 | {"version", no_argument, NULL, 'v'}, |
| 104 | {NULL, 0, NULL, 0} |
| 105 | }; |
| 106 | |
| 107 | static boolean strings_file PARAMS ((char *file)); |
| 108 | static int integer_arg PARAMS ((char *s)); |
| 109 | static void print_strings PARAMS ((char *filename, FILE *stream, |
| 110 | file_ptr address, int stop_point, |
| 111 | int magiccount, char *magic)); |
| 112 | static void usage PARAMS ((FILE *stream, int status)); |
| 113 | \f |
| 114 | void |
| 115 | main (argc, argv) |
| 116 | int argc; |
| 117 | char **argv; |
| 118 | { |
| 119 | int optc; |
| 120 | int exit_status = 0; |
| 121 | boolean files_given = false; |
| 122 | |
| 123 | program_name = argv[0]; |
| 124 | string_min = -1; |
| 125 | print_addresses = false; |
| 126 | print_filenames = false; |
| 127 | datasection_only = true; |
| 128 | target = NULL; |
| 129 | |
| 130 | while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "afn:ot:v0123456789", |
| 131 | long_options, (int *) 0)) != EOF) |
| 132 | { |
| 133 | switch (optc) |
| 134 | { |
| 135 | case 'a': |
| 136 | datasection_only = false; |
| 137 | break; |
| 138 | |
| 139 | case 'f': |
| 140 | print_filenames = true; |
| 141 | break; |
| 142 | |
| 143 | case 'h': |
| 144 | usage (stdout, 0); |
| 145 | |
| 146 | case 'n': |
| 147 | string_min = integer_arg (optarg); |
| 148 | if (string_min < 1) |
| 149 | { |
| 150 | fprintf (stderr, "%s: invalid number %s\n", |
| 151 | program_name, optarg); |
| 152 | exit (1); |
| 153 | } |
| 154 | break; |
| 155 | |
| 156 | case 'o': |
| 157 | print_addresses = true; |
| 158 | address_radix = 8; |
| 159 | break; |
| 160 | |
| 161 | case 't': |
| 162 | print_addresses = true; |
| 163 | if (optarg[1] != '\0') |
| 164 | usage (stderr, 1); |
| 165 | switch (optarg[0]) |
| 166 | { |
| 167 | case 'o': |
| 168 | address_radix = 8; |
| 169 | break; |
| 170 | |
| 171 | case 'd': |
| 172 | address_radix = 10; |
| 173 | break; |
| 174 | |
| 175 | case 'x': |
| 176 | address_radix = 16; |
| 177 | break; |
| 178 | |
| 179 | default: |
| 180 | usage (stderr, 1); |
| 181 | } |
| 182 | break; |
| 183 | |
| 184 | case 'T': |
| 185 | target = optarg; |
| 186 | break; |
| 187 | |
| 188 | case 'v': |
| 189 | printf ("GNU %s version %s\n", program_name, program_version); |
| 190 | exit (0); |
| 191 | |
| 192 | case '?': |
| 193 | usage (stderr, 1); |
| 194 | |
| 195 | default: |
| 196 | if (string_min < 0) |
| 197 | string_min = optc; |
| 198 | else |
| 199 | string_min = string_min * 10 + optc - '0'; |
| 200 | break; |
| 201 | } |
| 202 | } |
| 203 | |
| 204 | if (string_min < 0) |
| 205 | string_min = 4; |
| 206 | |
| 207 | bfd_init (); |
| 208 | |
| 209 | for (; optind < argc; ++optind) |
| 210 | { |
| 211 | if (!strcmp (argv[optind], "-")) |
| 212 | datasection_only = false; |
| 213 | else |
| 214 | { |
| 215 | files_given = true; |
| 216 | exit_status |= (strings_file (argv[optind]) == false); |
| 217 | } |
| 218 | } |
| 219 | |
| 220 | if (files_given == false) |
| 221 | usage (stderr, 1); |
| 222 | |
| 223 | exit (exit_status); |
| 224 | } |
| 225 | \f |
| 226 | /* Scan section SECT of the file ABFD, whose printable name is FILE. |
| 227 | If it contains initialized data, |
| 228 | set `got_a_section' and print the strings in it. */ |
| 229 | |
| 230 | static void |
| 231 | strings_a_section (abfd, sect, file) |
| 232 | bfd *abfd; |
| 233 | asection *sect; |
| 234 | PTR file; |
| 235 | { |
| 236 | if ((sect->flags & DATA_FLAGS) == DATA_FLAGS) |
| 237 | { |
| 238 | bfd_size_type sz = bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc (sect); |
| 239 | PTR mem = xmalloc (sz); |
| 240 | if (bfd_get_section_contents (abfd, sect, mem, (file_ptr) 0, sz)) |
| 241 | { |
| 242 | got_a_section = true; |
| 243 | print_strings (file, (FILE *) NULL, sect->filepos, 0, sz, mem); |
| 244 | } |
| 245 | free (mem); |
| 246 | } |
| 247 | } |
| 248 | |
| 249 | /* Scan all of the sections in FILE, and print the strings |
| 250 | in the initialized data section(s). |
| 251 | |
| 252 | Return true if successful, |
| 253 | false if not (such as if FILE is not an object file). */ |
| 254 | |
| 255 | static boolean |
| 256 | strings_object_file (file) |
| 257 | char *file; |
| 258 | { |
| 259 | bfd *abfd = bfd_openr (file, target); |
| 260 | |
| 261 | if (abfd == NULL) |
| 262 | { |
| 263 | /* Treat the file as a non-object file. */ |
| 264 | return false; |
| 265 | } |
| 266 | |
| 267 | /* This call is mainly for its side effect of reading in the sections. |
| 268 | We follow the traditional behavior of `strings' in that we don't |
| 269 | complain if we don't recognize a file to be an object file. */ |
| 270 | if (bfd_check_format (abfd, bfd_object) == false) |
| 271 | { |
| 272 | bfd_close (abfd); |
| 273 | return false; |
| 274 | } |
| 275 | |
| 276 | got_a_section = false; |
| 277 | bfd_map_over_sections (abfd, strings_a_section, file); |
| 278 | |
| 279 | if (!bfd_close (abfd)) |
| 280 | { |
| 281 | bfd_nonfatal (file); |
| 282 | return false; |
| 283 | } |
| 284 | |
| 285 | return got_a_section; |
| 286 | } |
| 287 | |
| 288 | /* Print the strings in FILE. Return true if ok, false if an error occurs. */ |
| 289 | |
| 290 | static boolean |
| 291 | strings_file (file) |
| 292 | char *file; |
| 293 | { |
| 294 | /* If we weren't told to scan the whole file, |
| 295 | try to open it as an object file and only look at |
| 296 | initialized data sections. If that fails, fall back to the |
| 297 | whole file. */ |
| 298 | if (!datasection_only || !strings_object_file (file)) |
| 299 | { |
| 300 | FILE *stream; |
| 301 | |
| 302 | stream = fopen (file, "r"); |
| 303 | if (stream == NULL) |
| 304 | { |
| 305 | fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", program_name); |
| 306 | perror (file); |
| 307 | return false; |
| 308 | } |
| 309 | |
| 310 | print_strings (file, stream, (file_ptr) 0, 0, 0, (char *) 0); |
| 311 | |
| 312 | if (fclose (stream) == EOF) |
| 313 | { |
| 314 | fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", program_name); |
| 315 | perror (file); |
| 316 | return false; |
| 317 | } |
| 318 | } |
| 319 | |
| 320 | return true; |
| 321 | } |
| 322 | \f |
| 323 | /* Find the strings in file FILENAME, read from STREAM. |
| 324 | Assume that STREAM is positioned so that the next byte read |
| 325 | is at address ADDRESS in the file. |
| 326 | Stop reading at address STOP_POINT in the file, if nonzero. |
| 327 | |
| 328 | If STREAM is NULL, do not read from it. |
| 329 | The caller can supply a buffer of characters |
| 330 | to be processed before the data in STREAM. |
| 331 | MAGIC is the address of the buffer and |
| 332 | MAGICCOUNT is how many characters are in it. |
| 333 | Those characters come at address ADDRESS and the data in STREAM follow. */ |
| 334 | |
| 335 | static void |
| 336 | print_strings (filename, stream, address, stop_point, magiccount, magic) |
| 337 | char *filename; |
| 338 | FILE *stream; |
| 339 | file_ptr address; |
| 340 | int stop_point; |
| 341 | int magiccount; |
| 342 | char *magic; |
| 343 | { |
| 344 | int bufsize = 100; |
| 345 | char *buf = (char *) xmalloc (bufsize); |
| 346 | |
| 347 | while (1) |
| 348 | { |
| 349 | int i; |
| 350 | int c; |
| 351 | |
| 352 | /* See if the next `string_min' chars are all graphic chars. */ |
| 353 | tryline: |
| 354 | if (stop_point && address >= stop_point) |
| 355 | break; |
| 356 | for (i = 0; i < string_min; i++) |
| 357 | { |
| 358 | if (magiccount) |
| 359 | { |
| 360 | magiccount--; |
| 361 | c = *magic++; |
| 362 | } |
| 363 | else |
| 364 | { |
| 365 | if (stream == NULL) |
| 366 | return; |
| 367 | c = getc (stream); |
| 368 | if (c < 0) |
| 369 | return; |
| 370 | } |
| 371 | address++; |
| 372 | if (!isgraphic (c)) |
| 373 | /* Found a non-graphic. Try again starting with next char. */ |
| 374 | goto tryline; |
| 375 | buf[i] = c; |
| 376 | } |
| 377 | |
| 378 | /* We found a run of `string_min' graphic characters. |
| 379 | Now see if it is terminated with a NUL byte or a newline. */ |
| 380 | while (1) |
| 381 | { |
| 382 | if (i == bufsize) |
| 383 | { |
| 384 | bufsize *= 2; |
| 385 | buf = (char *) xrealloc (buf, bufsize); |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | if (magiccount) |
| 388 | { |
| 389 | magiccount--; |
| 390 | c = *magic++; |
| 391 | } |
| 392 | else |
| 393 | { |
| 394 | if (stream == NULL) |
| 395 | return; |
| 396 | c = getc (stream); |
| 397 | if (c < 0) |
| 398 | return; |
| 399 | } |
| 400 | address++; |
| 401 | if (c == '\0' || c == '\n') |
| 402 | break; /* It is; print this string. */ |
| 403 | if (!isgraphic (c)) |
| 404 | goto tryline; /* It isn't; give up on this string. */ |
| 405 | buf[i++] = c; /* The string continues; store it all. */ |
| 406 | } |
| 407 | |
| 408 | /* If we get here, the string is all graphics and properly terminated, |
| 409 | so print it. It is all in `buf' and `i' is its length. */ |
| 410 | buf[i] = '\0'; |
| 411 | if (print_filenames) |
| 412 | printf ("%s: ", filename); |
| 413 | if (print_addresses) |
| 414 | switch (address_radix) |
| 415 | { |
| 416 | case 8: |
| 417 | printf ("%7lo ", (unsigned long) (address - i - 1)); |
| 418 | break; |
| 419 | |
| 420 | case 10: |
| 421 | printf ("%7ld ", (long) (address - i - 1)); |
| 422 | break; |
| 423 | |
| 424 | case 16: |
| 425 | printf ("%7lx ", (unsigned long) (address - i - 1)); |
| 426 | break; |
| 427 | } |
| 428 | |
| 429 | for (i = 0; (c = buf[i]) != '\0'; i++) |
| 430 | switch (c) |
| 431 | { |
| 432 | case '\n': |
| 433 | printf ("\\n"); |
| 434 | break; |
| 435 | case '\t': |
| 436 | printf ("\\t"); |
| 437 | break; |
| 438 | case '\f': |
| 439 | printf ("\\f"); |
| 440 | break; |
| 441 | case '\b': |
| 442 | printf ("\\b"); |
| 443 | break; |
| 444 | case '\r': |
| 445 | printf ("\\r"); |
| 446 | break; |
| 447 | default: |
| 448 | putchar (c); |
| 449 | } |
| 450 | putchar ('\n'); |
| 451 | } |
| 452 | } |
| 453 | \f |
| 454 | /* Parse string S as an integer, using decimal radix by default, |
| 455 | but allowing octal and hex numbers as in C. */ |
| 456 | |
| 457 | static int |
| 458 | integer_arg (s) |
| 459 | char *s; |
| 460 | { |
| 461 | int value; |
| 462 | int radix = 10; |
| 463 | char *p = s; |
| 464 | int c; |
| 465 | |
| 466 | if (*p != '0') |
| 467 | radix = 10; |
| 468 | else if (*++p == 'x') |
| 469 | { |
| 470 | radix = 16; |
| 471 | p++; |
| 472 | } |
| 473 | else |
| 474 | radix = 8; |
| 475 | |
| 476 | value = 0; |
| 477 | while (((c = *p++) >= '0' && c <= '9') |
| 478 | || (radix == 16 && (c & ~40) >= 'A' && (c & ~40) <= 'Z')) |
| 479 | { |
| 480 | value *= radix; |
| 481 | if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') |
| 482 | value += c - '0'; |
| 483 | else |
| 484 | value += (c & ~40) - 'A'; |
| 485 | } |
| 486 | |
| 487 | if (c == 'b') |
| 488 | value *= 512; |
| 489 | else if (c == 'B') |
| 490 | value *= 1024; |
| 491 | else |
| 492 | p--; |
| 493 | |
| 494 | if (*p) |
| 495 | { |
| 496 | fprintf (stderr, "%s: invalid integer argument %s\n", program_name, s); |
| 497 | exit (1); |
| 498 | } |
| 499 | return value; |
| 500 | } |
| 501 | |
| 502 | static void |
| 503 | usage (stream, status) |
| 504 | FILE *stream; |
| 505 | int status; |
| 506 | { |
| 507 | fprintf (stream, "\ |
| 508 | Usage: %s [-afov] [-n min-len] [-min-len] [-t {o,x,d}] [-]\n\ |
| 509 | [--all] [--print-file-name] [--bytes=min-len] [--radix={o,x,d}]\n\ |
| 510 | [--target=bfdname] [--help] [--version] file...\n", |
| 511 | program_name); |
| 512 | exit (status); |
| 513 | } |