| 1 | @c Automatically generated from *.c and others (the comments before |
| 2 | @c each entry tell you which file and where in that file). DO NOT EDIT! |
| 3 | @c Edit the *.c files, configure with --enable-maintainer-mode, |
| 4 | @c and let gather-docs build you a new copy. |
| 5 | |
| 6 | @c safe-ctype.c:25 |
| 7 | @defvr Extension HOST_CHARSET |
| 8 | This macro indicates the basic character set and encoding used by the |
| 9 | host: more precisely, the encoding used for character constants in |
| 10 | preprocessor @samp{#if} statements (the C "execution character set"). |
| 11 | It is defined by @file{safe-ctype.h}, and will be an integer constant |
| 12 | with one of the following values: |
| 13 | |
| 14 | @ftable @code |
| 15 | @item HOST_CHARSET_UNKNOWN |
| 16 | The host character set is unknown - that is, not one of the next two |
| 17 | possibilities. |
| 18 | |
| 19 | @item HOST_CHARSET_ASCII |
| 20 | The host character set is ASCII. |
| 21 | |
| 22 | @item HOST_CHARSET_EBCDIC |
| 23 | The host character set is some variant of EBCDIC. (Only one of the |
| 24 | nineteen EBCDIC varying characters is tested; exercise caution.) |
| 25 | @end ftable |
| 26 | @end defvr |
| 27 | |
| 28 | @c alloca.c:26 |
| 29 | @deftypefn Replacement void* alloca (size_t @var{size}) |
| 30 | |
| 31 | This function allocates memory which will be automatically reclaimed |
| 32 | after the procedure exits. The @libib{} implementation does not free |
| 33 | the memory immediately but will do so eventually during subsequent |
| 34 | calls to this function. Memory is allocated using @code{xmalloc} under |
| 35 | normal circumstances. |
| 36 | |
| 37 | The header file @file{alloca-conf.h} can be used in conjunction with the |
| 38 | GNU Autoconf test @code{AC_FUNC_ALLOCA} to test for and properly make |
| 39 | available this function. The @code{AC_FUNC_ALLOCA} test requires that |
| 40 | client code use a block of preprocessor code to be safe (see the Autoconf |
| 41 | manual for more); this header incorporates that logic and more, including |
| 42 | the possibility of a GCC built-in function. |
| 43 | |
| 44 | @end deftypefn |
| 45 | |
| 46 | @c asprintf.c:32 |
| 47 | @deftypefn Extension int asprintf (char **@var{resptr}, const char *@var{format}, ...) |
| 48 | |
| 49 | Like @code{sprintf}, but instead of passing a pointer to a buffer, you |
| 50 | pass a pointer to a pointer. This function will compute the size of |
| 51 | the buffer needed, allocate memory with @code{malloc}, and store a |
| 52 | pointer to the allocated memory in @code{*@var{resptr}}. The value |
| 53 | returned is the same as @code{sprintf} would return. If memory could |
| 54 | not be allocated, minus one is returned and @code{NULL} is stored in |
| 55 | @code{*@var{resptr}}. |
| 56 | |
| 57 | @end deftypefn |
| 58 | |
| 59 | @c atexit.c:6 |
| 60 | @deftypefn Supplemental int atexit (void (*@var{f})()) |
| 61 | |
| 62 | Causes function @var{f} to be called at exit. Returns 0. |
| 63 | |
| 64 | @end deftypefn |
| 65 | |
| 66 | @c basename.c:6 |
| 67 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* basename (const char *@var{name}) |
| 68 | |
| 69 | Returns a pointer to the last component of pathname @var{name}. |
| 70 | Behavior is undefined if the pathname ends in a directory separator. |
| 71 | |
| 72 | @end deftypefn |
| 73 | |
| 74 | @c bcmp.c:6 |
| 75 | @deftypefn Supplemental int bcmp (char *@var{x}, char *@var{y}, int @var{count}) |
| 76 | |
| 77 | Compares the first @var{count} bytes of two areas of memory. Returns |
| 78 | zero if they are the same, nonzero otherwise. Returns zero if |
| 79 | @var{count} is zero. A nonzero result only indicates a difference, |
| 80 | it does not indicate any sorting order (say, by having a positive |
| 81 | result mean @var{x} sorts before @var{y}). |
| 82 | |
| 83 | @end deftypefn |
| 84 | |
| 85 | @c bcopy.c:3 |
| 86 | @deftypefn Supplemental void bcopy (char *@var{in}, char *@var{out}, int @var{length}) |
| 87 | |
| 88 | Copies @var{length} bytes from memory region @var{in} to region |
| 89 | @var{out}. The use of @code{bcopy} is deprecated in new programs. |
| 90 | |
| 91 | @end deftypefn |
| 92 | |
| 93 | @c bsearch.c:33 |
| 94 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* bsearch (const void *@var{key}, const void *@var{base}, size_t @var{nmemb}, size_t @var{size}, int (*@var{compar})(const void *, const void *)) |
| 95 | |
| 96 | Performs a search over an array of @var{nmemb} elements pointed to by |
| 97 | @var{base} for a member that matches the object pointed to by @var{key}. |
| 98 | The size of each member is specified by @var{size}. The array contents |
| 99 | should be sorted in ascending order according to the @var{compar} |
| 100 | comparison function. This routine should take two arguments pointing to |
| 101 | the @var{key} and to an array member, in that order, and should return an |
| 102 | integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the @var{key} object |
| 103 | is respectively less than, matching, or greater than the array member. |
| 104 | |
| 105 | @end deftypefn |
| 106 | |
| 107 | @c argv.c:124 |
| 108 | @deftypefn Extension char** buildargv (char *@var{sp}) |
| 109 | |
| 110 | Given a pointer to a string, parse the string extracting fields |
| 111 | separated by whitespace and optionally enclosed within either single |
| 112 | or double quotes (which are stripped off), and build a vector of |
| 113 | pointers to copies of the string for each field. The input string |
| 114 | remains unchanged. The last element of the vector is followed by a |
| 115 | @code{NULL} element. |
| 116 | |
| 117 | All of the memory for the pointer array and copies of the string |
| 118 | is obtained from @code{malloc}. All of the memory can be returned to the |
| 119 | system with the single function call @code{freeargv}, which takes the |
| 120 | returned result of @code{buildargv}, as it's argument. |
| 121 | |
| 122 | Returns a pointer to the argument vector if successful. Returns |
| 123 | @code{NULL} if @var{sp} is @code{NULL} or if there is insufficient |
| 124 | memory to complete building the argument vector. |
| 125 | |
| 126 | If the input is a null string (as opposed to a @code{NULL} pointer), |
| 127 | then buildarg returns an argument vector that has one arg, a null |
| 128 | string. |
| 129 | |
| 130 | @end deftypefn |
| 131 | |
| 132 | @c bzero.c:6 |
| 133 | @deftypefn Supplemental void bzero (char *@var{mem}, int @var{count}) |
| 134 | |
| 135 | Zeros @var{count} bytes starting at @var{mem}. Use of this function |
| 136 | is deprecated in favor of @code{memset}. |
| 137 | |
| 138 | @end deftypefn |
| 139 | |
| 140 | @c calloc.c:6 |
| 141 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* calloc (size_t @var{nelem}, size_t @var{elsize}) |
| 142 | |
| 143 | Uses @code{malloc} to allocate storage for @var{nelem} objects of |
| 144 | @var{elsize} bytes each, then zeros the memory. |
| 145 | |
| 146 | @end deftypefn |
| 147 | |
| 148 | @c choose-temp.c:42 |
| 149 | @deftypefn Extension char* choose_temp_base (void) |
| 150 | |
| 151 | Return a prefix for temporary file names or @code{NULL} if unable to |
| 152 | find one. The current directory is chosen if all else fails so the |
| 153 | program is exited if a temporary directory can't be found (@code{mktemp} |
| 154 | fails). The buffer for the result is obtained with @code{xmalloc}. |
| 155 | |
| 156 | This function is provided for backwards compatibility only. Its use is |
| 157 | not recommended. |
| 158 | |
| 159 | @end deftypefn |
| 160 | |
| 161 | @c make-temp-file.c:95 |
| 162 | @deftypefn Replacement char* choose_tmpdir () |
| 163 | |
| 164 | Returns a pointer to a directory path suitable for creating temporary |
| 165 | files in. |
| 166 | |
| 167 | @end deftypefn |
| 168 | |
| 169 | @c clock.c:27 |
| 170 | @deftypefn Supplemental long clock (void) |
| 171 | |
| 172 | Returns an approximation of the CPU time used by the process as a |
| 173 | @code{clock_t}; divide this number by @samp{CLOCKS_PER_SEC} to get the |
| 174 | number of seconds used. |
| 175 | |
| 176 | @end deftypefn |
| 177 | |
| 178 | @c concat.c:24 |
| 179 | @deftypefn Extension char* concat (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}, @dots{}, @code{NULL}) |
| 180 | |
| 181 | Concatenate zero or more of strings and return the result in freshly |
| 182 | @code{xmalloc}ed memory. Returns @code{NULL} if insufficient memory is |
| 183 | available. The argument list is terminated by the first @code{NULL} |
| 184 | pointer encountered. Pointers to empty strings are ignored. |
| 185 | |
| 186 | @end deftypefn |
| 187 | |
| 188 | @c argv.c:52 |
| 189 | @deftypefn Extension char** dupargv (char **@var{vector}) |
| 190 | |
| 191 | Duplicate an argument vector. Simply scans through @var{vector}, |
| 192 | duplicating each argument until the terminating @code{NULL} is found. |
| 193 | Returns a pointer to the argument vector if successful. Returns |
| 194 | @code{NULL} if there is insufficient memory to complete building the |
| 195 | argument vector. |
| 196 | |
| 197 | @end deftypefn |
| 198 | |
| 199 | @c strerror.c:567 |
| 200 | @deftypefn Extension int errno_max (void) |
| 201 | |
| 202 | Returns the maximum @code{errno} value for which a corresponding |
| 203 | symbolic name or message is available. Note that in the case where we |
| 204 | use the @code{sys_errlist} supplied by the system, it is possible for |
| 205 | there to be more symbolic names than messages, or vice versa. In |
| 206 | fact, the manual page for @code{perror(3C)} explicitly warns that one |
| 207 | should check the size of the table (@code{sys_nerr}) before indexing |
| 208 | it, since new error codes may be added to the system before they are |
| 209 | added to the table. Thus @code{sys_nerr} might be smaller than value |
| 210 | implied by the largest @code{errno} value defined in @code{<errno.h>}. |
| 211 | |
| 212 | We return the maximum value that can be used to obtain a meaningful |
| 213 | symbolic name or message. |
| 214 | |
| 215 | @end deftypefn |
| 216 | |
| 217 | @c argv.c:348 |
| 218 | @deftypefn Extension void expandargv (int *@var{argcp}, char ***@var{argvp}) |
| 219 | |
| 220 | The @var{argcp} and @code{argvp} arguments are pointers to the usual |
| 221 | @code{argc} and @code{argv} arguments to @code{main}. This function |
| 222 | looks for arguments that begin with the character @samp{@@}. Any such |
| 223 | arguments are interpreted as ``response files''. The contents of the |
| 224 | response file are interpreted as additional command line options. In |
| 225 | particular, the file is separated into whitespace-separated strings; |
| 226 | each such string is taken as a command-line option. The new options |
| 227 | are inserted in place of the option naming the response file, and |
| 228 | @code{*argcp} and @code{*argvp} will be updated. If the value of |
| 229 | @code{*argvp} is modified by this function, then the new value has |
| 230 | been dynamically allocated and can be deallocated by the caller with |
| 231 | @code{freeargv}. However, most callers will simply call |
| 232 | @code{expandargv} near the beginning of @code{main} and allow the |
| 233 | operating system to free the memory when the program exits. |
| 234 | |
| 235 | @end deftypefn |
| 236 | |
| 237 | @c fdmatch.c:23 |
| 238 | @deftypefn Extension int fdmatch (int @var{fd1}, int @var{fd2}) |
| 239 | |
| 240 | Check to see if two open file descriptors refer to the same file. |
| 241 | This is useful, for example, when we have an open file descriptor for |
| 242 | an unnamed file, and the name of a file that we believe to correspond |
| 243 | to that fd. This can happen when we are exec'd with an already open |
| 244 | file (@code{stdout} for example) or from the SVR4 @file{/proc} calls |
| 245 | that return open file descriptors for mapped address spaces. All we |
| 246 | have to do is open the file by name and check the two file descriptors |
| 247 | for a match, which is done by comparing major and minor device numbers |
| 248 | and inode numbers. |
| 249 | |
| 250 | @end deftypefn |
| 251 | |
| 252 | @c fopen_unlocked.c:48 |
| 253 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} fdopen_unlocked (int @var{fildes}, const char * @var{mode}) |
| 254 | |
| 255 | Opens and returns a @code{FILE} pointer via @code{fdopen}. If the |
| 256 | operating system supports it, ensure that the stream is setup to avoid |
| 257 | any multi-threaded locking. Otherwise return the @code{FILE} pointer |
| 258 | unchanged. |
| 259 | |
| 260 | @end deftypefn |
| 261 | |
| 262 | @c ffs.c:3 |
| 263 | @deftypefn Supplemental int ffs (int @var{valu}) |
| 264 | |
| 265 | Find the first (least significant) bit set in @var{valu}. Bits are |
| 266 | numbered from right to left, starting with bit 1 (corresponding to the |
| 267 | value 1). If @var{valu} is zero, zero is returned. |
| 268 | |
| 269 | @end deftypefn |
| 270 | |
| 271 | @c filename_cmp.c:32 |
| 272 | @deftypefn Extension int filename_cmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}) |
| 273 | |
| 274 | Return zero if the two file names @var{s1} and @var{s2} are equivalent. |
| 275 | If not equivalent, the returned value is similar to what @code{strcmp} |
| 276 | would return. In other words, it returns a negative value if @var{s1} |
| 277 | is less than @var{s2}, or a positive value if @var{s2} is greater than |
| 278 | @var{s2}. |
| 279 | |
| 280 | This function does not normalize file names. As a result, this function |
| 281 | will treat filenames that are spelled differently as different even in |
| 282 | the case when the two filenames point to the same underlying file. |
| 283 | However, it does handle the fact that on DOS-like file systems, forward |
| 284 | and backward slashes are equal. |
| 285 | |
| 286 | @end deftypefn |
| 287 | |
| 288 | @c fnmatch.txh:1 |
| 289 | @deftypefn Replacement int fnmatch (const char *@var{pattern}, const char *@var{string}, int @var{flags}) |
| 290 | |
| 291 | Matches @var{string} against @var{pattern}, returning zero if it |
| 292 | matches, @code{FNM_NOMATCH} if not. @var{pattern} may contain the |
| 293 | wildcards @code{?} to match any one character, @code{*} to match any |
| 294 | zero or more characters, or a set of alternate characters in square |
| 295 | brackets, like @samp{[a-gt8]}, which match one character (@code{a} |
| 296 | through @code{g}, or @code{t}, or @code{8}, in this example) if that one |
| 297 | character is in the set. A set may be inverted (i.e., match anything |
| 298 | except what's in the set) by giving @code{^} or @code{!} as the first |
| 299 | character in the set. To include those characters in the set, list them |
| 300 | as anything other than the first character of the set. To include a |
| 301 | dash in the set, list it last in the set. A backslash character makes |
| 302 | the following character not special, so for example you could match |
| 303 | against a literal asterisk with @samp{\*}. To match a literal |
| 304 | backslash, use @samp{\\}. |
| 305 | |
| 306 | @code{flags} controls various aspects of the matching process, and is a |
| 307 | boolean OR of zero or more of the following values (defined in |
| 308 | @code{<fnmatch.h>}): |
| 309 | |
| 310 | @table @code |
| 311 | |
| 312 | @item FNM_PATHNAME |
| 313 | @itemx FNM_FILE_NAME |
| 314 | @var{string} is assumed to be a path name. No wildcard will ever match |
| 315 | @code{/}. |
| 316 | |
| 317 | @item FNM_NOESCAPE |
| 318 | Do not interpret backslashes as quoting the following special character. |
| 319 | |
| 320 | @item FNM_PERIOD |
| 321 | A leading period (at the beginning of @var{string}, or if |
| 322 | @code{FNM_PATHNAME} after a slash) is not matched by @code{*} or |
| 323 | @code{?} but must be matched explicitly. |
| 324 | |
| 325 | @item FNM_LEADING_DIR |
| 326 | Means that @var{string} also matches @var{pattern} if some initial part |
| 327 | of @var{string} matches, and is followed by @code{/} and zero or more |
| 328 | characters. For example, @samp{foo*} would match either @samp{foobar} |
| 329 | or @samp{foobar/grill}. |
| 330 | |
| 331 | @item FNM_CASEFOLD |
| 332 | Ignores case when performing the comparison. |
| 333 | |
| 334 | @end table |
| 335 | |
| 336 | @end deftypefn |
| 337 | |
| 338 | @c fopen_unlocked.c:39 |
| 339 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} fopen_unlocked (const char *@var{path}, const char * @var{mode}) |
| 340 | |
| 341 | Opens and returns a @code{FILE} pointer via @code{fopen}. If the |
| 342 | operating system supports it, ensure that the stream is setup to avoid |
| 343 | any multi-threaded locking. Otherwise return the @code{FILE} pointer |
| 344 | unchanged. |
| 345 | |
| 346 | @end deftypefn |
| 347 | |
| 348 | @c argv.c:97 |
| 349 | @deftypefn Extension void freeargv (char **@var{vector}) |
| 350 | |
| 351 | Free an argument vector that was built using @code{buildargv}. Simply |
| 352 | scans through @var{vector}, freeing the memory for each argument until |
| 353 | the terminating @code{NULL} is found, and then frees @var{vector} |
| 354 | itself. |
| 355 | |
| 356 | @end deftypefn |
| 357 | |
| 358 | @c fopen_unlocked.c:57 |
| 359 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} freopen_unlocked (const char * @var{path}, const char * @var{mode}, FILE * @var{stream}) |
| 360 | |
| 361 | Opens and returns a @code{FILE} pointer via @code{freopen}. If the |
| 362 | operating system supports it, ensure that the stream is setup to avoid |
| 363 | any multi-threaded locking. Otherwise return the @code{FILE} pointer |
| 364 | unchanged. |
| 365 | |
| 366 | @end deftypefn |
| 367 | |
| 368 | @c getruntime.c:82 |
| 369 | @deftypefn Replacement long get_run_time (void) |
| 370 | |
| 371 | Returns the time used so far, in microseconds. If possible, this is |
| 372 | the time used by this process, else it is the elapsed time since the |
| 373 | process started. |
| 374 | |
| 375 | @end deftypefn |
| 376 | |
| 377 | @c getcwd.c:6 |
| 378 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* getcwd (char *@var{pathname}, int @var{len}) |
| 379 | |
| 380 | Copy the absolute pathname for the current working directory into |
| 381 | @var{pathname}, which is assumed to point to a buffer of at least |
| 382 | @var{len} bytes, and return a pointer to the buffer. If the current |
| 383 | directory's path doesn't fit in @var{len} characters, the result is |
| 384 | @code{NULL} and @code{errno} is set. If @var{pathname} is a null pointer, |
| 385 | @code{getcwd} will obtain @var{len} bytes of space using |
| 386 | @code{malloc}. |
| 387 | |
| 388 | @end deftypefn |
| 389 | |
| 390 | @c getpagesize.c:5 |
| 391 | @deftypefn Supplemental int getpagesize (void) |
| 392 | |
| 393 | Returns the number of bytes in a page of memory. This is the |
| 394 | granularity of many of the system memory management routines. No |
| 395 | guarantee is made as to whether or not it is the same as the basic |
| 396 | memory management hardware page size. |
| 397 | |
| 398 | @end deftypefn |
| 399 | |
| 400 | @c getpwd.c:5 |
| 401 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* getpwd (void) |
| 402 | |
| 403 | Returns the current working directory. This implementation caches the |
| 404 | result on the assumption that the process will not call @code{chdir} |
| 405 | between calls to @code{getpwd}. |
| 406 | |
| 407 | @end deftypefn |
| 408 | |
| 409 | @c gettimeofday.c:12 |
| 410 | @deftypefn Supplemental int gettimeofday (struct timeval *@var{tp}, void *@var{tz}) |
| 411 | |
| 412 | Writes the current time to @var{tp}. This implementation requires |
| 413 | that @var{tz} be NULL. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure. |
| 414 | |
| 415 | @end deftypefn |
| 416 | |
| 417 | @c hex.c:33 |
| 418 | @deftypefn Extension void hex_init (void) |
| 419 | |
| 420 | Initializes the array mapping the current character set to |
| 421 | corresponding hex values. This function must be called before any |
| 422 | call to @code{hex_p} or @code{hex_value}. If you fail to call it, a |
| 423 | default ASCII-based table will normally be used on ASCII systems. |
| 424 | |
| 425 | @end deftypefn |
| 426 | |
| 427 | @c hex.c:42 |
| 428 | @deftypefn Extension int hex_p (int @var{c}) |
| 429 | |
| 430 | Evaluates to non-zero if the given character is a valid hex character, |
| 431 | or zero if it is not. Note that the value you pass will be cast to |
| 432 | @code{unsigned char} within the macro. |
| 433 | |
| 434 | @end deftypefn |
| 435 | |
| 436 | @c hex.c:50 |
| 437 | @deftypefn Extension {unsigned int} hex_value (int @var{c}) |
| 438 | |
| 439 | Returns the numeric equivalent of the given character when interpreted |
| 440 | as a hexadecimal digit. The result is undefined if you pass an |
| 441 | invalid hex digit. Note that the value you pass will be cast to |
| 442 | @code{unsigned char} within the macro. |
| 443 | |
| 444 | The @code{hex_value} macro returns @code{unsigned int}, rather than |
| 445 | signed @code{int}, to make it easier to use in parsing addresses from |
| 446 | hex dump files: a signed @code{int} would be sign-extended when |
| 447 | converted to a wider unsigned type --- like @code{bfd_vma}, on some |
| 448 | systems. |
| 449 | |
| 450 | @end deftypefn |
| 451 | |
| 452 | @c index.c:5 |
| 453 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* index (char *@var{s}, int @var{c}) |
| 454 | |
| 455 | Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of the character @var{c} in |
| 456 | the string @var{s}, or @code{NULL} if not found. The use of @code{index} is |
| 457 | deprecated in new programs in favor of @code{strchr}. |
| 458 | |
| 459 | @end deftypefn |
| 460 | |
| 461 | @c insque.c:6 |
| 462 | @deftypefn Supplemental void insque (struct qelem *@var{elem}, struct qelem *@var{pred}) |
| 463 | @deftypefnx Supplemental void remque (struct qelem *@var{elem}) |
| 464 | |
| 465 | Routines to manipulate queues built from doubly linked lists. The |
| 466 | @code{insque} routine inserts @var{elem} in the queue immediately |
| 467 | after @var{pred}. The @code{remque} routine removes @var{elem} from |
| 468 | its containing queue. These routines expect to be passed pointers to |
| 469 | structures which have as their first members a forward pointer and a |
| 470 | back pointer, like this prototype (although no prototype is provided): |
| 471 | |
| 472 | @example |
| 473 | struct qelem @{ |
| 474 | struct qelem *q_forw; |
| 475 | struct qelem *q_back; |
| 476 | char q_data[]; |
| 477 | @}; |
| 478 | @end example |
| 479 | |
| 480 | @end deftypefn |
| 481 | |
| 482 | @c safe-ctype.c:46 |
| 483 | @deffn Extension ISALPHA (@var{c}) |
| 484 | @deffnx Extension ISALNUM (@var{c}) |
| 485 | @deffnx Extension ISBLANK (@var{c}) |
| 486 | @deffnx Extension ISCNTRL (@var{c}) |
| 487 | @deffnx Extension ISDIGIT (@var{c}) |
| 488 | @deffnx Extension ISGRAPH (@var{c}) |
| 489 | @deffnx Extension ISLOWER (@var{c}) |
| 490 | @deffnx Extension ISPRINT (@var{c}) |
| 491 | @deffnx Extension ISPUNCT (@var{c}) |
| 492 | @deffnx Extension ISSPACE (@var{c}) |
| 493 | @deffnx Extension ISUPPER (@var{c}) |
| 494 | @deffnx Extension ISXDIGIT (@var{c}) |
| 495 | |
| 496 | These twelve macros are defined by @file{safe-ctype.h}. Each has the |
| 497 | same meaning as the corresponding macro (with name in lowercase) |
| 498 | defined by the standard header @file{ctype.h}. For example, |
| 499 | @code{ISALPHA} returns true for alphabetic characters and false for |
| 500 | others. However, there are two differences between these macros and |
| 501 | those provided by @file{ctype.h}: |
| 502 | |
| 503 | @itemize @bullet |
| 504 | @item These macros are guaranteed to have well-defined behavior for all |
| 505 | values representable by @code{signed char} and @code{unsigned char}, and |
| 506 | for @code{EOF}. |
| 507 | |
| 508 | @item These macros ignore the current locale; they are true for these |
| 509 | fixed sets of characters: |
| 510 | @multitable {@code{XDIGIT}} {yada yada yada yada yada yada yada yada} |
| 511 | @item @code{ALPHA} @tab @kbd{A-Za-z} |
| 512 | @item @code{ALNUM} @tab @kbd{A-Za-z0-9} |
| 513 | @item @code{BLANK} @tab @kbd{space tab} |
| 514 | @item @code{CNTRL} @tab @code{!PRINT} |
| 515 | @item @code{DIGIT} @tab @kbd{0-9} |
| 516 | @item @code{GRAPH} @tab @code{ALNUM || PUNCT} |
| 517 | @item @code{LOWER} @tab @kbd{a-z} |
| 518 | @item @code{PRINT} @tab @code{GRAPH ||} @kbd{space} |
| 519 | @item @code{PUNCT} @tab @kbd{`~!@@#$%^&*()_-=+[@{]@}\|;:'",<.>/?} |
| 520 | @item @code{SPACE} @tab @kbd{space tab \n \r \f \v} |
| 521 | @item @code{UPPER} @tab @kbd{A-Z} |
| 522 | @item @code{XDIGIT} @tab @kbd{0-9A-Fa-f} |
| 523 | @end multitable |
| 524 | |
| 525 | Note that, if the host character set is ASCII or a superset thereof, |
| 526 | all these macros will return false for all values of @code{char} outside |
| 527 | the range of 7-bit ASCII. In particular, both ISPRINT and ISCNTRL return |
| 528 | false for characters with numeric values from 128 to 255. |
| 529 | @end itemize |
| 530 | @end deffn |
| 531 | |
| 532 | @c safe-ctype.c:95 |
| 533 | @deffn Extension ISIDNUM (@var{c}) |
| 534 | @deffnx Extension ISIDST (@var{c}) |
| 535 | @deffnx Extension IS_VSPACE (@var{c}) |
| 536 | @deffnx Extension IS_NVSPACE (@var{c}) |
| 537 | @deffnx Extension IS_SPACE_OR_NUL (@var{c}) |
| 538 | @deffnx Extension IS_ISOBASIC (@var{c}) |
| 539 | These six macros are defined by @file{safe-ctype.h} and provide |
| 540 | additional character classes which are useful when doing lexical |
| 541 | analysis of C or similar languages. They are true for the following |
| 542 | sets of characters: |
| 543 | |
| 544 | @multitable {@code{SPACE_OR_NUL}} {yada yada yada yada yada yada yada yada} |
| 545 | @item @code{IDNUM} @tab @kbd{A-Za-z0-9_} |
| 546 | @item @code{IDST} @tab @kbd{A-Za-z_} |
| 547 | @item @code{VSPACE} @tab @kbd{\r \n} |
| 548 | @item @code{NVSPACE} @tab @kbd{space tab \f \v \0} |
| 549 | @item @code{SPACE_OR_NUL} @tab @code{VSPACE || NVSPACE} |
| 550 | @item @code{ISOBASIC} @tab @code{VSPACE || NVSPACE || PRINT} |
| 551 | @end multitable |
| 552 | @end deffn |
| 553 | |
| 554 | @c lbasename.c:23 |
| 555 | @deftypefn Replacement {const char*} lbasename (const char *@var{name}) |
| 556 | |
| 557 | Given a pointer to a string containing a typical pathname |
| 558 | (@samp{/usr/src/cmd/ls/ls.c} for example), returns a pointer to the |
| 559 | last component of the pathname (@samp{ls.c} in this case). The |
| 560 | returned pointer is guaranteed to lie within the original |
| 561 | string. This latter fact is not true of many vendor C |
| 562 | libraries, which return special strings or modify the passed |
| 563 | strings for particular input. |
| 564 | |
| 565 | In particular, the empty string returns the same empty string, |
| 566 | and a path ending in @code{/} returns the empty string after it. |
| 567 | |
| 568 | @end deftypefn |
| 569 | |
| 570 | @c lrealpath.c:25 |
| 571 | @deftypefn Replacement {const char*} lrealpath (const char *@var{name}) |
| 572 | |
| 573 | Given a pointer to a string containing a pathname, returns a canonical |
| 574 | version of the filename. Symlinks will be resolved, and ``.'' and ``..'' |
| 575 | components will be simplified. The returned value will be allocated using |
| 576 | @code{malloc}, or @code{NULL} will be returned on a memory allocation error. |
| 577 | |
| 578 | @end deftypefn |
| 579 | |
| 580 | @c make-relative-prefix.c:24 |
| 581 | @deftypefn Extension {const char*} make_relative_prefix (const char *@var{progname}, const char *@var{bin_prefix}, const char *@var{prefix}) |
| 582 | |
| 583 | Given three paths @var{progname}, @var{bin_prefix}, @var{prefix}, |
| 584 | return the path that is in the same position relative to |
| 585 | @var{progname}'s directory as @var{prefix} is relative to |
| 586 | @var{bin_prefix}. That is, a string starting with the directory |
| 587 | portion of @var{progname}, followed by a relative pathname of the |
| 588 | difference between @var{bin_prefix} and @var{prefix}. |
| 589 | |
| 590 | If @var{progname} does not contain any directory separators, |
| 591 | @code{make_relative_prefix} will search @env{PATH} to find a program |
| 592 | named @var{progname}. Also, if @var{progname} is a symbolic link, |
| 593 | the symbolic link will be resolved. |
| 594 | |
| 595 | For example, if @var{bin_prefix} is @code{/alpha/beta/gamma/gcc/delta}, |
| 596 | @var{prefix} is @code{/alpha/beta/gamma/omega/}, and @var{progname} is |
| 597 | @code{/red/green/blue/gcc}, then this function will return |
| 598 | @code{/red/green/blue/../../omega/}. |
| 599 | |
| 600 | The return value is normally allocated via @code{malloc}. If no |
| 601 | relative prefix can be found, return @code{NULL}. |
| 602 | |
| 603 | @end deftypefn |
| 604 | |
| 605 | @c make-temp-file.c:163 |
| 606 | @deftypefn Replacement char* make_temp_file (const char *@var{suffix}) |
| 607 | |
| 608 | Return a temporary file name (as a string) or @code{NULL} if unable to |
| 609 | create one. @var{suffix} is a suffix to append to the file name. The |
| 610 | string is @code{malloc}ed, and the temporary file has been created. |
| 611 | |
| 612 | @end deftypefn |
| 613 | |
| 614 | @c memchr.c:3 |
| 615 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* memchr (const void *@var{s}, int @var{c}, size_t @var{n}) |
| 616 | |
| 617 | This function searches memory starting at @code{*@var{s}} for the |
| 618 | character @var{c}. The search only ends with the first occurrence of |
| 619 | @var{c}, or after @var{length} characters; in particular, a null |
| 620 | character does not terminate the search. If the character @var{c} is |
| 621 | found within @var{length} characters of @code{*@var{s}}, a pointer |
| 622 | to the character is returned. If @var{c} is not found, then @code{NULL} is |
| 623 | returned. |
| 624 | |
| 625 | @end deftypefn |
| 626 | |
| 627 | @c memcmp.c:6 |
| 628 | @deftypefn Supplemental int memcmp (const void *@var{x}, const void *@var{y}, size_t @var{count}) |
| 629 | |
| 630 | Compares the first @var{count} bytes of two areas of memory. Returns |
| 631 | zero if they are the same, a value less than zero if @var{x} is |
| 632 | lexically less than @var{y}, or a value greater than zero if @var{x} |
| 633 | is lexically greater than @var{y}. Note that lexical order is determined |
| 634 | as if comparing unsigned char arrays. |
| 635 | |
| 636 | @end deftypefn |
| 637 | |
| 638 | @c memcpy.c:6 |
| 639 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* memcpy (void *@var{out}, const void *@var{in}, size_t @var{length}) |
| 640 | |
| 641 | Copies @var{length} bytes from memory region @var{in} to region |
| 642 | @var{out}. Returns a pointer to @var{out}. |
| 643 | |
| 644 | @end deftypefn |
| 645 | |
| 646 | @c memmem.c:20 |
| 647 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* memmem (const void *@var{haystack}, size_t @var{haystack_len} const void *@var{needle}, size_t @var{needle_len}) |
| 648 | |
| 649 | Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of @var{needle} (length |
| 650 | @var{needle_len}) in @var{haystack} (length @var{haystack_len}). |
| 651 | Returns @code{NULL} if not found. |
| 652 | |
| 653 | @end deftypefn |
| 654 | |
| 655 | @c memmove.c:6 |
| 656 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* memmove (void *@var{from}, const void *@var{to}, size_t @var{count}) |
| 657 | |
| 658 | Copies @var{count} bytes from memory area @var{from} to memory area |
| 659 | @var{to}, returning a pointer to @var{to}. |
| 660 | |
| 661 | @end deftypefn |
| 662 | |
| 663 | @c mempcpy.c:23 |
| 664 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* mempcpy (void *@var{out}, const void *@var{in}, size_t @var{length}) |
| 665 | |
| 666 | Copies @var{length} bytes from memory region @var{in} to region |
| 667 | @var{out}. Returns a pointer to @var{out} + @var{length}. |
| 668 | |
| 669 | @end deftypefn |
| 670 | |
| 671 | @c memset.c:6 |
| 672 | @deftypefn Supplemental void* memset (void *@var{s}, int @var{c}, size_t @var{count}) |
| 673 | |
| 674 | Sets the first @var{count} bytes of @var{s} to the constant byte |
| 675 | @var{c}, returning a pointer to @var{s}. |
| 676 | |
| 677 | @end deftypefn |
| 678 | |
| 679 | @c mkstemps.c:58 |
| 680 | @deftypefn Replacement int mkstemps (char *@var{pattern}, int @var{suffix_len}) |
| 681 | |
| 682 | Generate a unique temporary file name from @var{pattern}. |
| 683 | @var{pattern} has the form: |
| 684 | |
| 685 | @example |
| 686 | @var{path}/ccXXXXXX@var{suffix} |
| 687 | @end example |
| 688 | |
| 689 | @var{suffix_len} tells us how long @var{suffix} is (it can be zero |
| 690 | length). The last six characters of @var{pattern} before @var{suffix} |
| 691 | must be @samp{XXXXXX}; they are replaced with a string that makes the |
| 692 | filename unique. Returns a file descriptor open on the file for |
| 693 | reading and writing. |
| 694 | |
| 695 | @end deftypefn |
| 696 | |
| 697 | @c pexecute.txh:266 |
| 698 | @deftypefn Extension void pex_free (struct pex_obj @var{obj}) |
| 699 | |
| 700 | Clean up and free all data associated with @var{obj}. If you have not |
| 701 | yet called @code{pex_get_times} or @code{pex_get_status}, this will |
| 702 | try to kill the subprocesses. |
| 703 | |
| 704 | @end deftypefn |
| 705 | |
| 706 | @c pexecute.txh:241 |
| 707 | @deftypefn Extension int pex_get_status (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{count}, int *@var{vector}) |
| 708 | |
| 709 | Returns the exit status of all programs run using @var{obj}. |
| 710 | @var{count} is the number of results expected. The results will be |
| 711 | placed into @var{vector}. The results are in the order of the calls |
| 712 | to @code{pex_run}. Returns 0 on error, 1 on success. |
| 713 | |
| 714 | @end deftypefn |
| 715 | |
| 716 | @c pexecute.txh:250 |
| 717 | @deftypefn Extension int pex_get_times (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{count}, struct pex_time *@var{vector}) |
| 718 | |
| 719 | Returns the process execution times of all programs run using |
| 720 | @var{obj}. @var{count} is the number of results expected. The |
| 721 | results will be placed into @var{vector}. The results are in the |
| 722 | order of the calls to @code{pex_run}. Returns 0 on error, 1 on |
| 723 | success. |
| 724 | |
| 725 | @code{struct pex_time} has the following fields of the type |
| 726 | @code{unsigned long}: @code{user_seconds}, |
| 727 | @code{user_microseconds}, @code{system_seconds}, |
| 728 | @code{system_microseconds}. On systems which do not support reporting |
| 729 | process times, all the fields will be set to @code{0}. |
| 730 | |
| 731 | @end deftypefn |
| 732 | |
| 733 | @c pexecute.txh:2 |
| 734 | @deftypefn Extension {struct pex_obj *} pex_init (int @var{flags}, const char *@var{pname}, const char *@var{tempbase}) |
| 735 | |
| 736 | Prepare to execute one or more programs, with standard output of each |
| 737 | program fed to standard input of the next. This is a system |
| 738 | independent interface to execute a pipeline. |
| 739 | |
| 740 | @var{flags} is a bitwise combination of the following: |
| 741 | |
| 742 | @table @code |
| 743 | |
| 744 | @vindex PEX_RECORD_TIMES |
| 745 | @item PEX_RECORD_TIMES |
| 746 | Record subprocess times if possible. |
| 747 | |
| 748 | @vindex PEX_USE_PIPES |
| 749 | @item PEX_USE_PIPES |
| 750 | Use pipes for communication between processes, if possible. |
| 751 | |
| 752 | @vindex PEX_SAVE_TEMPS |
| 753 | @item PEX_SAVE_TEMPS |
| 754 | Don't delete temporary files used for communication between |
| 755 | processes. |
| 756 | |
| 757 | @end table |
| 758 | |
| 759 | @var{pname} is the name of program to be executed, used in error |
| 760 | messages. @var{tempbase} is a base name to use for any required |
| 761 | temporary files; it may be @code{NULL} to use a randomly chosen name. |
| 762 | |
| 763 | @end deftypefn |
| 764 | |
| 765 | @c pexecute.txh:155 |
| 766 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_input_file (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{flags}, const char *@var{in_name}) |
| 767 | |
| 768 | Return a stream for a temporary file to pass to the first program in |
| 769 | the pipeline as input. |
| 770 | |
| 771 | The name of the input file is chosen according to the same rules |
| 772 | @code{pex_run} uses to choose output file names, based on |
| 773 | @var{in_name}, @var{obj} and the @code{PEX_SUFFIX} bit in @var{flags}. |
| 774 | |
| 775 | Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned stream; the first call to |
| 776 | @code{pex_run} closes it automatically. |
| 777 | |
| 778 | If @var{flags} includes @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT}, open the stream in |
| 779 | binary mode; otherwise, open it in the default mode. Including |
| 780 | @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT} in @var{flags} has no effect on Unix. |
| 781 | @end deftypefn |
| 782 | |
| 783 | @c pexecute.txh:172 |
| 784 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_input_pipe (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{binary}) |
| 785 | |
| 786 | Return a stream @var{fp} for a pipe connected to the standard input of |
| 787 | the first program in the pipeline; @var{fp} is opened for writing. |
| 788 | You must have passed @code{PEX_USE_PIPES} to the @code{pex_init} call |
| 789 | that returned @var{obj}. |
| 790 | |
| 791 | You must close @var{fp} using @code{fclose} yourself when you have |
| 792 | finished writing data to the pipeline. |
| 793 | |
| 794 | The file descriptor underlying @var{fp} is marked not to be inherited |
| 795 | by child processes. |
| 796 | |
| 797 | On systems that do not support pipes, this function returns |
| 798 | @code{NULL}, and sets @code{errno} to @code{EINVAL}. If you would |
| 799 | like to write code that is portable to all systems the @code{pex} |
| 800 | functions support, consider using @code{pex_input_file} instead. |
| 801 | |
| 802 | There are two opportunities for deadlock using |
| 803 | @code{pex_input_pipe}: |
| 804 | |
| 805 | @itemize @bullet |
| 806 | @item |
| 807 | Most systems' pipes can buffer only a fixed amount of data; a process |
| 808 | that writes to a full pipe blocks. Thus, if you write to @file{fp} |
| 809 | before starting the first process, you run the risk of blocking when |
| 810 | there is no child process yet to read the data and allow you to |
| 811 | continue. @code{pex_input_pipe} makes no promises about the |
| 812 | size of the pipe's buffer, so if you need to write any data at all |
| 813 | before starting the first process in the pipeline, consider using |
| 814 | @code{pex_input_file} instead. |
| 815 | |
| 816 | @item |
| 817 | Using @code{pex_input_pipe} and @code{pex_read_output} together |
| 818 | may also cause deadlock. If the output pipe fills up, so that each |
| 819 | program in the pipeline is waiting for the next to read more data, and |
| 820 | you fill the input pipe by writing more data to @var{fp}, then there |
| 821 | is no way to make progress: the only process that could read data from |
| 822 | the output pipe is you, but you are blocked on the input pipe. |
| 823 | |
| 824 | @end itemize |
| 825 | |
| 826 | @end deftypefn |
| 827 | |
| 828 | @c pexecute.txh:274 |
| 829 | @deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_one (int @var{flags}, const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, const char *@var{pname}, const char *@var{outname}, const char *@var{errname}, int *@var{status}, int *@var{err}) |
| 830 | |
| 831 | An interface to permit the easy execution of a |
| 832 | single program. The return value and most of the parameters are as |
| 833 | for a call to @code{pex_run}. @var{flags} is restricted to a |
| 834 | combination of @code{PEX_SEARCH}, @code{PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT}, and |
| 835 | @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT}. @var{outname} is interpreted as if |
| 836 | @code{PEX_LAST} were set. On a successful return, @code{*@var{status}} will |
| 837 | be set to the exit status of the program. |
| 838 | |
| 839 | @end deftypefn |
| 840 | |
| 841 | @c pexecute.txh:228 |
| 842 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_read_err (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{binary}) |
| 843 | |
| 844 | Returns a @code{FILE} pointer which may be used to read the standard |
| 845 | error of the last program in the pipeline. When this is used, |
| 846 | @code{PEX_LAST} should not be used in a call to @code{pex_run}. After |
| 847 | this is called, @code{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same |
| 848 | @var{obj}. @var{binary} should be non-zero if the file should be |
| 849 | opened in binary mode. Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned file; |
| 850 | it will be closed by @code{pex_free}. |
| 851 | |
| 852 | @end deftypefn |
| 853 | |
| 854 | @c pexecute.txh:216 |
| 855 | @deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_read_output (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{binary}) |
| 856 | |
| 857 | Returns a @code{FILE} pointer which may be used to read the standard |
| 858 | output of the last program in the pipeline. When this is used, |
| 859 | @code{PEX_LAST} should not be used in a call to @code{pex_run}. After |
| 860 | this is called, @code{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same |
| 861 | @var{obj}. @var{binary} should be non-zero if the file should be |
| 862 | opened in binary mode. Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned file; |
| 863 | it will be closed by @code{pex_free}. |
| 864 | |
| 865 | @end deftypefn |
| 866 | |
| 867 | @c pexecute.txh:33 |
| 868 | @deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_run (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{flags}, const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, const char *@var{outname}, const char *@var{errname}, int *@var{err}) |
| 869 | |
| 870 | Execute one program in a pipeline. On success this returns |
| 871 | @code{NULL}. On failure it returns an error message, a statically |
| 872 | allocated string. |
| 873 | |
| 874 | @var{obj} is returned by a previous call to @code{pex_init}. |
| 875 | |
| 876 | @var{flags} is a bitwise combination of the following: |
| 877 | |
| 878 | @table @code |
| 879 | |
| 880 | @vindex PEX_LAST |
| 881 | @item PEX_LAST |
| 882 | This must be set on the last program in the pipeline. In particular, |
| 883 | it should be set when executing a single program. The standard output |
| 884 | of the program will be sent to @var{outname}, or, if @var{outname} is |
| 885 | @code{NULL}, to the standard output of the calling program. Do @emph{not} |
| 886 | set this bit if you want to call @code{pex_read_output} |
| 887 | (described below). After a call to @code{pex_run} with this bit set, |
| 888 | @var{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same @var{obj}. |
| 889 | |
| 890 | @vindex PEX_SEARCH |
| 891 | @item PEX_SEARCH |
| 892 | Search for the program using the user's executable search path. |
| 893 | |
| 894 | @vindex PEX_SUFFIX |
| 895 | @item PEX_SUFFIX |
| 896 | @var{outname} is a suffix. See the description of @var{outname}, |
| 897 | below. |
| 898 | |
| 899 | @vindex PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT |
| 900 | @item PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT |
| 901 | Send the program's standard error to standard output, if possible. |
| 902 | |
| 903 | @vindex PEX_BINARY_INPUT |
| 904 | @vindex PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT |
| 905 | @vindex PEX_BINARY_ERROR |
| 906 | @item PEX_BINARY_INPUT |
| 907 | @itemx PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT |
| 908 | @itemx PEX_BINARY_ERROR |
| 909 | The standard input (output or error) of the program should be read (written) in |
| 910 | binary mode rather than text mode. These flags are ignored on systems |
| 911 | which do not distinguish binary mode and text mode, such as Unix. For |
| 912 | proper behavior these flags should match appropriately---a call to |
| 913 | @code{pex_run} using @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT} should be followed by a |
| 914 | call using @code{PEX_BINARY_INPUT}. |
| 915 | |
| 916 | @vindex PEX_STDERR_TO_PIPE |
| 917 | @item PEX_STDERR_TO_PIPE |
| 918 | Send the program's standard error to a pipe, if possible. This flag |
| 919 | cannot be specified together with @code{PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT}. This |
| 920 | flag can be specified only on the last program in pipeline. |
| 921 | |
| 922 | @end table |
| 923 | |
| 924 | @var{executable} is the program to execute. @var{argv} is the set of |
| 925 | arguments to pass to the program; normally @code{@var{argv}[0]} will |
| 926 | be a copy of @var{executable}. |
| 927 | |
| 928 | @var{outname} is used to set the name of the file to use for standard |
| 929 | output. There are two cases in which no output file will be used: |
| 930 | |
| 931 | @enumerate |
| 932 | @item |
| 933 | if @code{PEX_LAST} is not set in @var{flags}, and @code{PEX_USE_PIPES} |
| 934 | was set in the call to @code{pex_init}, and the system supports pipes |
| 935 | |
| 936 | @item |
| 937 | if @code{PEX_LAST} is set in @var{flags}, and @var{outname} is |
| 938 | @code{NULL} |
| 939 | @end enumerate |
| 940 | |
| 941 | @noindent |
| 942 | Otherwise the code will use a file to hold standard |
| 943 | output. If @code{PEX_LAST} is not set, this file is considered to be |
| 944 | a temporary file, and it will be removed when no longer needed, unless |
| 945 | @code{PEX_SAVE_TEMPS} was set in the call to @code{pex_init}. |
| 946 | |
| 947 | There are two cases to consider when setting the name of the file to |
| 948 | hold standard output. |
| 949 | |
| 950 | @enumerate |
| 951 | @item |
| 952 | @code{PEX_SUFFIX} is set in @var{flags}. In this case |
| 953 | @var{outname} may not be @code{NULL}. If the @var{tempbase} parameter |
| 954 | to @code{pex_init} was not @code{NULL}, then the output file name is |
| 955 | the concatenation of @var{tempbase} and @var{outname}. If |
| 956 | @var{tempbase} was @code{NULL}, then the output file name is a random |
| 957 | file name ending in @var{outname}. |
| 958 | |
| 959 | @item |
| 960 | @code{PEX_SUFFIX} was not set in @var{flags}. In this |
| 961 | case, if @var{outname} is not @code{NULL}, it is used as the output |
| 962 | file name. If @var{outname} is @code{NULL}, and @var{tempbase} was |
| 963 | not NULL, the output file name is randomly chosen using |
| 964 | @var{tempbase}. Otherwise the output file name is chosen completely |
| 965 | at random. |
| 966 | @end enumerate |
| 967 | |
| 968 | @var{errname} is the file name to use for standard error output. If |
| 969 | it is @code{NULL}, standard error is the same as the caller's. |
| 970 | Otherwise, standard error is written to the named file. |
| 971 | |
| 972 | On an error return, the code sets @code{*@var{err}} to an @code{errno} |
| 973 | value, or to 0 if there is no relevant @code{errno}. |
| 974 | |
| 975 | @end deftypefn |
| 976 | |
| 977 | @c pexecute.txh:142 |
| 978 | @deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_run_in_environment (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, int @var{flags}, const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, char * const *@var{env}, int @var{env_size}, const char *@var{outname}, const char *@var{errname}, int *@var{err}) |
| 979 | |
| 980 | Execute one program in a pipeline, permitting the environment for the |
| 981 | program to be specified. Behaviour and parameters not listed below are |
| 982 | as for @code{pex_run}. |
| 983 | |
| 984 | @var{env} is the environment for the child process, specified as an array of |
| 985 | character pointers. Each element of the array should point to a string of the |
| 986 | form @code{VAR=VALUE}, with the exception of the last element that must be |
| 987 | @code{NULL}. |
| 988 | |
| 989 | @end deftypefn |
| 990 | |
| 991 | @c pexecute.txh:286 |
| 992 | @deftypefn Extension int pexecute (const char *@var{program}, char * const *@var{argv}, const char *@var{this_pname}, const char *@var{temp_base}, char **@var{errmsg_fmt}, char **@var{errmsg_arg}, int @var{flags}) |
| 993 | |
| 994 | This is the old interface to execute one or more programs. It is |
| 995 | still supported for compatibility purposes, but is no longer |
| 996 | documented. |
| 997 | |
| 998 | @end deftypefn |
| 999 | |
| 1000 | @c strsignal.c:541 |
| 1001 | @deftypefn Supplemental void psignal (int @var{signo}, char *@var{message}) |
| 1002 | |
| 1003 | Print @var{message} to the standard error, followed by a colon, |
| 1004 | followed by the description of the signal specified by @var{signo}, |
| 1005 | followed by a newline. |
| 1006 | |
| 1007 | @end deftypefn |
| 1008 | |
| 1009 | @c putenv.c:21 |
| 1010 | @deftypefn Supplemental int putenv (const char *@var{string}) |
| 1011 | |
| 1012 | Uses @code{setenv} or @code{unsetenv} to put @var{string} into |
| 1013 | the environment or remove it. If @var{string} is of the form |
| 1014 | @samp{name=value} the string is added; if no @samp{=} is present the |
| 1015 | name is unset/removed. |
| 1016 | |
| 1017 | @end deftypefn |
| 1018 | |
| 1019 | @c pexecute.txh:294 |
| 1020 | @deftypefn Extension int pwait (int @var{pid}, int *@var{status}, int @var{flags}) |
| 1021 | |
| 1022 | Another part of the old execution interface. |
| 1023 | |
| 1024 | @end deftypefn |
| 1025 | |
| 1026 | @c random.c:39 |
| 1027 | @deftypefn Supplement {long int} random (void) |
| 1028 | @deftypefnx Supplement void srandom (unsigned int @var{seed}) |
| 1029 | @deftypefnx Supplement void* initstate (unsigned int @var{seed}, void *@var{arg_state}, unsigned long @var{n}) |
| 1030 | @deftypefnx Supplement void* setstate (void *@var{arg_state}) |
| 1031 | |
| 1032 | Random number functions. @code{random} returns a random number in the |
| 1033 | range 0 to @code{LONG_MAX}. @code{srandom} initializes the random |
| 1034 | number generator to some starting point determined by @var{seed} |
| 1035 | (else, the values returned by @code{random} are always the same for each |
| 1036 | run of the program). @code{initstate} and @code{setstate} allow fine-grained |
| 1037 | control over the state of the random number generator. |
| 1038 | |
| 1039 | @end deftypefn |
| 1040 | |
| 1041 | @c concat.c:173 |
| 1042 | @deftypefn Extension char* reconcat (char *@var{optr}, const char *@var{s1}, @dots{}, @code{NULL}) |
| 1043 | |
| 1044 | Same as @code{concat}, except that if @var{optr} is not @code{NULL} it |
| 1045 | is freed after the string is created. This is intended to be useful |
| 1046 | when you're extending an existing string or building up a string in a |
| 1047 | loop: |
| 1048 | |
| 1049 | @example |
| 1050 | str = reconcat (str, "pre-", str, NULL); |
| 1051 | @end example |
| 1052 | |
| 1053 | @end deftypefn |
| 1054 | |
| 1055 | @c rename.c:6 |
| 1056 | @deftypefn Supplemental int rename (const char *@var{old}, const char *@var{new}) |
| 1057 | |
| 1058 | Renames a file from @var{old} to @var{new}. If @var{new} already |
| 1059 | exists, it is removed. |
| 1060 | |
| 1061 | @end deftypefn |
| 1062 | |
| 1063 | @c rindex.c:5 |
| 1064 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* rindex (const char *@var{s}, int @var{c}) |
| 1065 | |
| 1066 | Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of the character @var{c} in |
| 1067 | the string @var{s}, or @code{NULL} if not found. The use of @code{rindex} is |
| 1068 | deprecated in new programs in favor of @code{strrchr}. |
| 1069 | |
| 1070 | @end deftypefn |
| 1071 | |
| 1072 | @c setenv.c:22 |
| 1073 | @deftypefn Supplemental int setenv (const char *@var{name}, const char *@var{value}, int @var{overwrite}) |
| 1074 | @deftypefnx Supplemental void unsetenv (const char *@var{name}) |
| 1075 | |
| 1076 | @code{setenv} adds @var{name} to the environment with value |
| 1077 | @var{value}. If the name was already present in the environment, |
| 1078 | the new value will be stored only if @var{overwrite} is nonzero. |
| 1079 | The companion @code{unsetenv} function removes @var{name} from the |
| 1080 | environment. This implementation is not safe for multithreaded code. |
| 1081 | |
| 1082 | @end deftypefn |
| 1083 | |
| 1084 | @c strsignal.c:348 |
| 1085 | @deftypefn Extension int signo_max (void) |
| 1086 | |
| 1087 | Returns the maximum signal value for which a corresponding symbolic |
| 1088 | name or message is available. Note that in the case where we use the |
| 1089 | @code{sys_siglist} supplied by the system, it is possible for there to |
| 1090 | be more symbolic names than messages, or vice versa. In fact, the |
| 1091 | manual page for @code{psignal(3b)} explicitly warns that one should |
| 1092 | check the size of the table (@code{NSIG}) before indexing it, since |
| 1093 | new signal codes may be added to the system before they are added to |
| 1094 | the table. Thus @code{NSIG} might be smaller than value implied by |
| 1095 | the largest signo value defined in @code{<signal.h>}. |
| 1096 | |
| 1097 | We return the maximum value that can be used to obtain a meaningful |
| 1098 | symbolic name or message. |
| 1099 | |
| 1100 | @end deftypefn |
| 1101 | |
| 1102 | @c sigsetmask.c:8 |
| 1103 | @deftypefn Supplemental int sigsetmask (int @var{set}) |
| 1104 | |
| 1105 | Sets the signal mask to the one provided in @var{set} and returns |
| 1106 | the old mask (which, for libiberty's implementation, will always |
| 1107 | be the value @code{1}). |
| 1108 | |
| 1109 | @end deftypefn |
| 1110 | |
| 1111 | @c snprintf.c:28 |
| 1112 | @deftypefn Supplemental int snprintf (char *@var{buf}, size_t @var{n}, const char *@var{format}, ...) |
| 1113 | |
| 1114 | This function is similar to sprintf, but it will print at most @var{n} |
| 1115 | characters. On error the return value is -1, otherwise it returns the |
| 1116 | number of characters that would have been printed had @var{n} been |
| 1117 | sufficiently large, regardless of the actual value of @var{n}. Note |
| 1118 | some pre-C99 system libraries do not implement this correctly so users |
| 1119 | cannot generally rely on the return value if the system version of |
| 1120 | this function is used. |
| 1121 | |
| 1122 | @end deftypefn |
| 1123 | |
| 1124 | @c spaces.c:22 |
| 1125 | @deftypefn Extension char* spaces (int @var{count}) |
| 1126 | |
| 1127 | Returns a pointer to a memory region filled with the specified |
| 1128 | number of spaces and null terminated. The returned pointer is |
| 1129 | valid until at least the next call. |
| 1130 | |
| 1131 | @end deftypefn |
| 1132 | |
| 1133 | @c stpcpy.c:23 |
| 1134 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* stpcpy (char *@var{dst}, const char *@var{src}) |
| 1135 | |
| 1136 | Copies the string @var{src} into @var{dst}. Returns a pointer to |
| 1137 | @var{dst} + strlen(@var{src}). |
| 1138 | |
| 1139 | @end deftypefn |
| 1140 | |
| 1141 | @c stpncpy.c:23 |
| 1142 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* stpncpy (char *@var{dst}, const char *@var{src}, size_t @var{len}) |
| 1143 | |
| 1144 | Copies the string @var{src} into @var{dst}, copying exactly @var{len} |
| 1145 | and padding with zeros if necessary. If @var{len} < strlen(@var{src}) |
| 1146 | then return @var{dst} + @var{len}, otherwise returns @var{dst} + |
| 1147 | strlen(@var{src}). |
| 1148 | |
| 1149 | @end deftypefn |
| 1150 | |
| 1151 | @c strcasecmp.c:15 |
| 1152 | @deftypefn Supplemental int strcasecmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}) |
| 1153 | |
| 1154 | A case-insensitive @code{strcmp}. |
| 1155 | |
| 1156 | @end deftypefn |
| 1157 | |
| 1158 | @c strchr.c:6 |
| 1159 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* strchr (const char *@var{s}, int @var{c}) |
| 1160 | |
| 1161 | Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of the character @var{c} in |
| 1162 | the string @var{s}, or @code{NULL} if not found. If @var{c} is itself the |
| 1163 | null character, the results are undefined. |
| 1164 | |
| 1165 | @end deftypefn |
| 1166 | |
| 1167 | @c strdup.c:3 |
| 1168 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* strdup (const char *@var{s}) |
| 1169 | |
| 1170 | Returns a pointer to a copy of @var{s} in memory obtained from |
| 1171 | @code{malloc}, or @code{NULL} if insufficient memory was available. |
| 1172 | |
| 1173 | @end deftypefn |
| 1174 | |
| 1175 | @c strerror.c:670 |
| 1176 | @deftypefn Replacement {const char*} strerrno (int @var{errnum}) |
| 1177 | |
| 1178 | Given an error number returned from a system call (typically returned |
| 1179 | in @code{errno}), returns a pointer to a string containing the |
| 1180 | symbolic name of that error number, as found in @code{<errno.h>}. |
| 1181 | |
| 1182 | If the supplied error number is within the valid range of indices for |
| 1183 | symbolic names, but no name is available for the particular error |
| 1184 | number, then returns the string @samp{Error @var{num}}, where @var{num} |
| 1185 | is the error number. |
| 1186 | |
| 1187 | If the supplied error number is not within the range of valid |
| 1188 | indices, then returns @code{NULL}. |
| 1189 | |
| 1190 | The contents of the location pointed to are only guaranteed to be |
| 1191 | valid until the next call to @code{strerrno}. |
| 1192 | |
| 1193 | @end deftypefn |
| 1194 | |
| 1195 | @c strerror.c:603 |
| 1196 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* strerror (int @var{errnoval}) |
| 1197 | |
| 1198 | Maps an @code{errno} number to an error message string, the contents |
| 1199 | of which are implementation defined. On systems which have the |
| 1200 | external variables @code{sys_nerr} and @code{sys_errlist}, these |
| 1201 | strings will be the same as the ones used by @code{perror}. |
| 1202 | |
| 1203 | If the supplied error number is within the valid range of indices for |
| 1204 | the @code{sys_errlist}, but no message is available for the particular |
| 1205 | error number, then returns the string @samp{Error @var{num}}, where |
| 1206 | @var{num} is the error number. |
| 1207 | |
| 1208 | If the supplied error number is not a valid index into |
| 1209 | @code{sys_errlist}, returns @code{NULL}. |
| 1210 | |
| 1211 | The returned string is only guaranteed to be valid only until the |
| 1212 | next call to @code{strerror}. |
| 1213 | |
| 1214 | @end deftypefn |
| 1215 | |
| 1216 | @c strncasecmp.c:15 |
| 1217 | @deftypefn Supplemental int strncasecmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}) |
| 1218 | |
| 1219 | A case-insensitive @code{strncmp}. |
| 1220 | |
| 1221 | @end deftypefn |
| 1222 | |
| 1223 | @c strncmp.c:6 |
| 1224 | @deftypefn Supplemental int strncmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}, size_t @var{n}) |
| 1225 | |
| 1226 | Compares the first @var{n} bytes of two strings, returning a value as |
| 1227 | @code{strcmp}. |
| 1228 | |
| 1229 | @end deftypefn |
| 1230 | |
| 1231 | @c strndup.c:23 |
| 1232 | @deftypefn Extension char* strndup (const char *@var{s}, size_t @var{n}) |
| 1233 | |
| 1234 | Returns a pointer to a copy of @var{s} with at most @var{n} characters |
| 1235 | in memory obtained from @code{malloc}, or @code{NULL} if insufficient |
| 1236 | memory was available. The result is always NUL terminated. |
| 1237 | |
| 1238 | @end deftypefn |
| 1239 | |
| 1240 | @c strrchr.c:6 |
| 1241 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* strrchr (const char *@var{s}, int @var{c}) |
| 1242 | |
| 1243 | Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of the character @var{c} in |
| 1244 | the string @var{s}, or @code{NULL} if not found. If @var{c} is itself the |
| 1245 | null character, the results are undefined. |
| 1246 | |
| 1247 | @end deftypefn |
| 1248 | |
| 1249 | @c strsignal.c:383 |
| 1250 | @deftypefn Supplemental {const char *} strsignal (int @var{signo}) |
| 1251 | |
| 1252 | Maps an signal number to an signal message string, the contents of |
| 1253 | which are implementation defined. On systems which have the external |
| 1254 | variable @code{sys_siglist}, these strings will be the same as the |
| 1255 | ones used by @code{psignal()}. |
| 1256 | |
| 1257 | If the supplied signal number is within the valid range of indices for |
| 1258 | the @code{sys_siglist}, but no message is available for the particular |
| 1259 | signal number, then returns the string @samp{Signal @var{num}}, where |
| 1260 | @var{num} is the signal number. |
| 1261 | |
| 1262 | If the supplied signal number is not a valid index into |
| 1263 | @code{sys_siglist}, returns @code{NULL}. |
| 1264 | |
| 1265 | The returned string is only guaranteed to be valid only until the next |
| 1266 | call to @code{strsignal}. |
| 1267 | |
| 1268 | @end deftypefn |
| 1269 | |
| 1270 | @c strsignal.c:448 |
| 1271 | @deftypefn Extension {const char*} strsigno (int @var{signo}) |
| 1272 | |
| 1273 | Given an signal number, returns a pointer to a string containing the |
| 1274 | symbolic name of that signal number, as found in @code{<signal.h>}. |
| 1275 | |
| 1276 | If the supplied signal number is within the valid range of indices for |
| 1277 | symbolic names, but no name is available for the particular signal |
| 1278 | number, then returns the string @samp{Signal @var{num}}, where |
| 1279 | @var{num} is the signal number. |
| 1280 | |
| 1281 | If the supplied signal number is not within the range of valid |
| 1282 | indices, then returns @code{NULL}. |
| 1283 | |
| 1284 | The contents of the location pointed to are only guaranteed to be |
| 1285 | valid until the next call to @code{strsigno}. |
| 1286 | |
| 1287 | @end deftypefn |
| 1288 | |
| 1289 | @c strstr.c:6 |
| 1290 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* strstr (const char *@var{string}, const char *@var{sub}) |
| 1291 | |
| 1292 | This function searches for the substring @var{sub} in the string |
| 1293 | @var{string}, not including the terminating null characters. A pointer |
| 1294 | to the first occurrence of @var{sub} is returned, or @code{NULL} if the |
| 1295 | substring is absent. If @var{sub} points to a string with zero |
| 1296 | length, the function returns @var{string}. |
| 1297 | |
| 1298 | @end deftypefn |
| 1299 | |
| 1300 | @c strtod.c:27 |
| 1301 | @deftypefn Supplemental double strtod (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{endptr}) |
| 1302 | |
| 1303 | This ISO C function converts the initial portion of @var{string} to a |
| 1304 | @code{double}. If @var{endptr} is not @code{NULL}, a pointer to the |
| 1305 | character after the last character used in the conversion is stored in |
| 1306 | the location referenced by @var{endptr}. If no conversion is |
| 1307 | performed, zero is returned and the value of @var{string} is stored in |
| 1308 | the location referenced by @var{endptr}. |
| 1309 | |
| 1310 | @end deftypefn |
| 1311 | |
| 1312 | @c strerror.c:729 |
| 1313 | @deftypefn Extension int strtoerrno (const char *@var{name}) |
| 1314 | |
| 1315 | Given the symbolic name of a error number (e.g., @code{EACCES}), map it |
| 1316 | to an errno value. If no translation is found, returns 0. |
| 1317 | |
| 1318 | @end deftypefn |
| 1319 | |
| 1320 | @c strtol.c:33 |
| 1321 | @deftypefn Supplemental {long int} strtol (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{endptr}, int @var{base}) |
| 1322 | @deftypefnx Supplemental {unsigned long int} strtoul (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{endptr}, int @var{base}) |
| 1323 | |
| 1324 | The @code{strtol} function converts the string in @var{string} to a |
| 1325 | long integer value according to the given @var{base}, which must be |
| 1326 | between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be the special value 0. If @var{base} |
| 1327 | is 0, @code{strtol} will look for the prefixes @code{0} and @code{0x} |
| 1328 | to indicate bases 8 and 16, respectively, else default to base 10. |
| 1329 | When the base is 16 (either explicitly or implicitly), a prefix of |
| 1330 | @code{0x} is allowed. The handling of @var{endptr} is as that of |
| 1331 | @code{strtod} above. The @code{strtoul} function is the same, except |
| 1332 | that the converted value is unsigned. |
| 1333 | |
| 1334 | @end deftypefn |
| 1335 | |
| 1336 | @c strsignal.c:502 |
| 1337 | @deftypefn Extension int strtosigno (const char *@var{name}) |
| 1338 | |
| 1339 | Given the symbolic name of a signal, map it to a signal number. If no |
| 1340 | translation is found, returns 0. |
| 1341 | |
| 1342 | @end deftypefn |
| 1343 | |
| 1344 | @c strverscmp.c:25 |
| 1345 | @deftypefun int strverscmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2}) |
| 1346 | The @code{strverscmp} function compares the string @var{s1} against |
| 1347 | @var{s2}, considering them as holding indices/version numbers. Return |
| 1348 | value follows the same conventions as found in the @code{strverscmp} |
| 1349 | function. In fact, if @var{s1} and @var{s2} contain no digits, |
| 1350 | @code{strverscmp} behaves like @code{strcmp}. |
| 1351 | |
| 1352 | Basically, we compare strings normally (character by character), until |
| 1353 | we find a digit in each string - then we enter a special comparison |
| 1354 | mode, where each sequence of digits is taken as a whole. If we reach the |
| 1355 | end of these two parts without noticing a difference, we return to the |
| 1356 | standard comparison mode. There are two types of numeric parts: |
| 1357 | "integral" and "fractional" (those begin with a '0'). The types |
| 1358 | of the numeric parts affect the way we sort them: |
| 1359 | |
| 1360 | @itemize @bullet |
| 1361 | @item |
| 1362 | integral/integral: we compare values as you would expect. |
| 1363 | |
| 1364 | @item |
| 1365 | fractional/integral: the fractional part is less than the integral one. |
| 1366 | Again, no surprise. |
| 1367 | |
| 1368 | @item |
| 1369 | fractional/fractional: the things become a bit more complex. |
| 1370 | If the common prefix contains only leading zeroes, the longest part is less |
| 1371 | than the other one; else the comparison behaves normally. |
| 1372 | @end itemize |
| 1373 | |
| 1374 | @smallexample |
| 1375 | strverscmp ("no digit", "no digit") |
| 1376 | @result{} 0 // @r{same behavior as strcmp.} |
| 1377 | strverscmp ("item#99", "item#100") |
| 1378 | @result{} <0 // @r{same prefix, but 99 < 100.} |
| 1379 | strverscmp ("alpha1", "alpha001") |
| 1380 | @result{} >0 // @r{fractional part inferior to integral one.} |
| 1381 | strverscmp ("part1_f012", "part1_f01") |
| 1382 | @result{} >0 // @r{two fractional parts.} |
| 1383 | strverscmp ("foo.009", "foo.0") |
| 1384 | @result{} <0 // @r{idem, but with leading zeroes only.} |
| 1385 | @end smallexample |
| 1386 | |
| 1387 | This function is especially useful when dealing with filename sorting, |
| 1388 | because filenames frequently hold indices/version numbers. |
| 1389 | @end deftypefun |
| 1390 | |
| 1391 | @c tmpnam.c:3 |
| 1392 | @deftypefn Supplemental char* tmpnam (char *@var{s}) |
| 1393 | |
| 1394 | This function attempts to create a name for a temporary file, which |
| 1395 | will be a valid file name yet not exist when @code{tmpnam} checks for |
| 1396 | it. @var{s} must point to a buffer of at least @code{L_tmpnam} bytes, |
| 1397 | or be @code{NULL}. Use of this function creates a security risk, and it must |
| 1398 | not be used in new projects. Use @code{mkstemp} instead. |
| 1399 | |
| 1400 | @end deftypefn |
| 1401 | |
| 1402 | @c unlink-if-ordinary.c:27 |
| 1403 | @deftypefn Supplemental int unlink_if_ordinary (const char*) |
| 1404 | |
| 1405 | Unlinks the named file, unless it is special (e.g. a device file). |
| 1406 | Returns 0 when the file was unlinked, a negative value (and errno set) when |
| 1407 | there was an error deleting the file, and a positive value if no attempt |
| 1408 | was made to unlink the file because it is special. |
| 1409 | |
| 1410 | @end deftypefn |
| 1411 | |
| 1412 | @c fopen_unlocked.c:31 |
| 1413 | @deftypefn Extension void unlock_std_streams (void) |
| 1414 | |
| 1415 | If the OS supports it, ensure that the standard I/O streams, |
| 1416 | @code{stdin}, @code{stdout} and @code{stderr} are setup to avoid any |
| 1417 | multi-threaded locking. Otherwise do nothing. |
| 1418 | |
| 1419 | @end deftypefn |
| 1420 | |
| 1421 | @c fopen_unlocked.c:23 |
| 1422 | @deftypefn Extension void unlock_stream (FILE * @var{stream}) |
| 1423 | |
| 1424 | If the OS supports it, ensure that the supplied stream is setup to |
| 1425 | avoid any multi-threaded locking. Otherwise leave the @code{FILE} |
| 1426 | pointer unchanged. If the @var{stream} is @code{NULL} do nothing. |
| 1427 | |
| 1428 | @end deftypefn |
| 1429 | |
| 1430 | @c vasprintf.c:47 |
| 1431 | @deftypefn Extension int vasprintf (char **@var{resptr}, const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{args}) |
| 1432 | |
| 1433 | Like @code{vsprintf}, but instead of passing a pointer to a buffer, |
| 1434 | you pass a pointer to a pointer. This function will compute the size |
| 1435 | of the buffer needed, allocate memory with @code{malloc}, and store a |
| 1436 | pointer to the allocated memory in @code{*@var{resptr}}. The value |
| 1437 | returned is the same as @code{vsprintf} would return. If memory could |
| 1438 | not be allocated, minus one is returned and @code{NULL} is stored in |
| 1439 | @code{*@var{resptr}}. |
| 1440 | |
| 1441 | @end deftypefn |
| 1442 | |
| 1443 | @c vfork.c:6 |
| 1444 | @deftypefn Supplemental int vfork (void) |
| 1445 | |
| 1446 | Emulates @code{vfork} by calling @code{fork} and returning its value. |
| 1447 | |
| 1448 | @end deftypefn |
| 1449 | |
| 1450 | @c vprintf.c:3 |
| 1451 | @deftypefn Supplemental int vprintf (const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{ap}) |
| 1452 | @deftypefnx Supplemental int vfprintf (FILE *@var{stream}, const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{ap}) |
| 1453 | @deftypefnx Supplemental int vsprintf (char *@var{str}, const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{ap}) |
| 1454 | |
| 1455 | These functions are the same as @code{printf}, @code{fprintf}, and |
| 1456 | @code{sprintf}, respectively, except that they are called with a |
| 1457 | @code{va_list} instead of a variable number of arguments. Note that |
| 1458 | they do not call @code{va_end}; this is the application's |
| 1459 | responsibility. In @libib{} they are implemented in terms of the |
| 1460 | nonstandard but common function @code{_doprnt}. |
| 1461 | |
| 1462 | @end deftypefn |
| 1463 | |
| 1464 | @c vsnprintf.c:28 |
| 1465 | @deftypefn Supplemental int vsnprintf (char *@var{buf}, size_t @var{n}, const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{ap}) |
| 1466 | |
| 1467 | This function is similar to vsprintf, but it will print at most |
| 1468 | @var{n} characters. On error the return value is -1, otherwise it |
| 1469 | returns the number of characters that would have been printed had |
| 1470 | @var{n} been sufficiently large, regardless of the actual value of |
| 1471 | @var{n}. Note some pre-C99 system libraries do not implement this |
| 1472 | correctly so users cannot generally rely on the return value if the |
| 1473 | system version of this function is used. |
| 1474 | |
| 1475 | @end deftypefn |
| 1476 | |
| 1477 | @c waitpid.c:3 |
| 1478 | @deftypefn Supplemental int waitpid (int @var{pid}, int *@var{status}, int) |
| 1479 | |
| 1480 | This is a wrapper around the @code{wait} function. Any ``special'' |
| 1481 | values of @var{pid} depend on your implementation of @code{wait}, as |
| 1482 | does the return value. The third argument is unused in @libib{}. |
| 1483 | |
| 1484 | @end deftypefn |
| 1485 | |
| 1486 | @c argv.c:293 |
| 1487 | @deftypefn Extension int writeargv (const char **@var{argv}, FILE *@var{file}) |
| 1488 | |
| 1489 | Write each member of ARGV, handling all necessary quoting, to the file |
| 1490 | named by FILE, separated by whitespace. Return 0 on success, non-zero |
| 1491 | if an error occurred while writing to FILE. |
| 1492 | |
| 1493 | @end deftypefn |
| 1494 | |
| 1495 | @c xatexit.c:11 |
| 1496 | @deftypefun int xatexit (void (*@var{fn}) (void)) |
| 1497 | |
| 1498 | Behaves as the standard @code{atexit} function, but with no limit on |
| 1499 | the number of registered functions. Returns 0 on success, or @minus{}1 on |
| 1500 | failure. If you use @code{xatexit} to register functions, you must use |
| 1501 | @code{xexit} to terminate your program. |
| 1502 | |
| 1503 | @end deftypefun |
| 1504 | |
| 1505 | @c xmalloc.c:38 |
| 1506 | @deftypefn Replacement void* xcalloc (size_t @var{nelem}, size_t @var{elsize}) |
| 1507 | |
| 1508 | Allocate memory without fail, and set it to zero. This routine functions |
| 1509 | like @code{calloc}, but will behave the same as @code{xmalloc} if memory |
| 1510 | cannot be found. |
| 1511 | |
| 1512 | @end deftypefn |
| 1513 | |
| 1514 | @c xexit.c:22 |
| 1515 | @deftypefn Replacement void xexit (int @var{code}) |
| 1516 | |
| 1517 | Terminates the program. If any functions have been registered with |
| 1518 | the @code{xatexit} replacement function, they will be called first. |
| 1519 | Termination is handled via the system's normal @code{exit} call. |
| 1520 | |
| 1521 | @end deftypefn |
| 1522 | |
| 1523 | @c xmalloc.c:22 |
| 1524 | @deftypefn Replacement void* xmalloc (size_t) |
| 1525 | |
| 1526 | Allocate memory without fail. If @code{malloc} fails, this will print |
| 1527 | a message to @code{stderr} (using the name set by |
| 1528 | @code{xmalloc_set_program_name}, |
| 1529 | if any) and then call @code{xexit}. Note that it is therefore safe for |
| 1530 | a program to contain @code{#define malloc xmalloc} in its source. |
| 1531 | |
| 1532 | @end deftypefn |
| 1533 | |
| 1534 | @c xmalloc.c:53 |
| 1535 | @deftypefn Replacement void xmalloc_failed (size_t) |
| 1536 | |
| 1537 | This function is not meant to be called by client code, and is listed |
| 1538 | here for completeness only. If any of the allocation routines fail, this |
| 1539 | function will be called to print an error message and terminate execution. |
| 1540 | |
| 1541 | @end deftypefn |
| 1542 | |
| 1543 | @c xmalloc.c:46 |
| 1544 | @deftypefn Replacement void xmalloc_set_program_name (const char *@var{name}) |
| 1545 | |
| 1546 | You can use this to set the name of the program used by |
| 1547 | @code{xmalloc_failed} when printing a failure message. |
| 1548 | |
| 1549 | @end deftypefn |
| 1550 | |
| 1551 | @c xmemdup.c:7 |
| 1552 | @deftypefn Replacement void* xmemdup (void *@var{input}, size_t @var{copy_size}, size_t @var{alloc_size}) |
| 1553 | |
| 1554 | Duplicates a region of memory without fail. First, @var{alloc_size} bytes |
| 1555 | are allocated, then @var{copy_size} bytes from @var{input} are copied into |
| 1556 | it, and the new memory is returned. If fewer bytes are copied than were |
| 1557 | allocated, the remaining memory is zeroed. |
| 1558 | |
| 1559 | @end deftypefn |
| 1560 | |
| 1561 | @c xmalloc.c:32 |
| 1562 | @deftypefn Replacement void* xrealloc (void *@var{ptr}, size_t @var{size}) |
| 1563 | Reallocate memory without fail. This routine functions like @code{realloc}, |
| 1564 | but will behave the same as @code{xmalloc} if memory cannot be found. |
| 1565 | |
| 1566 | @end deftypefn |
| 1567 | |
| 1568 | @c xstrdup.c:7 |
| 1569 | @deftypefn Replacement char* xstrdup (const char *@var{s}) |
| 1570 | |
| 1571 | Duplicates a character string without fail, using @code{xmalloc} to |
| 1572 | obtain memory. |
| 1573 | |
| 1574 | @end deftypefn |
| 1575 | |
| 1576 | @c xstrerror.c:7 |
| 1577 | @deftypefn Replacement char* xstrerror (int @var{errnum}) |
| 1578 | |
| 1579 | Behaves exactly like the standard @code{strerror} function, but |
| 1580 | will never return a @code{NULL} pointer. |
| 1581 | |
| 1582 | @end deftypefn |
| 1583 | |
| 1584 | @c xstrndup.c:23 |
| 1585 | @deftypefn Replacement char* xstrndup (const char *@var{s}, size_t @var{n}) |
| 1586 | |
| 1587 | Returns a pointer to a copy of @var{s} with at most @var{n} characters |
| 1588 | without fail, using @code{xmalloc} to obtain memory. The result is |
| 1589 | always NUL terminated. |
| 1590 | |
| 1591 | @end deftypefn |
| 1592 | |
| 1593 | |