2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
17 #include <linux/initrd.h>
18 #include <linux/highmem.h>
19 #include <linux/gfp.h>
20 #include <linux/memblock.h>
21 #include <linux/sort.h>
23 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
24 #include <asm/sections.h>
25 #include <asm/setup.h>
26 #include <asm/sizes.h>
28 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
30 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
31 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
35 static unsigned long phys_initrd_start __initdata
= 0;
36 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata
= 0;
38 static int __init
early_initrd(char *p
)
40 unsigned long start
, size
;
43 start
= memparse(p
, &endp
);
45 size
= memparse(endp
+ 1, NULL
);
47 phys_initrd_start
= start
;
48 phys_initrd_size
= size
;
52 early_param("initrd", early_initrd
);
54 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag
*tag
)
56 printk(KERN_WARNING
"ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
57 "please update your bootloader.\n");
58 phys_initrd_start
= __virt_to_phys(tag
->u
.initrd
.start
);
59 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
63 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD
, parse_tag_initrd
);
65 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag
*tag
)
67 phys_initrd_start
= tag
->u
.initrd
.start
;
68 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
72 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2
, parse_tag_initrd2
);
75 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
76 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
77 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
79 struct meminfo meminfo
;
81 void show_mem(unsigned int filter
)
83 int free
= 0, total
= 0, reserved
= 0;
84 int shared
= 0, cached
= 0, slab
= 0, i
;
85 struct meminfo
* mi
= &meminfo
;
87 printk("Mem-info:\n");
88 show_free_areas(filter
);
90 for_each_bank (i
, mi
) {
91 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
92 unsigned int pfn1
, pfn2
;
93 struct page
*page
, *end
;
95 pfn1
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
96 pfn2
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
98 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn1
);
99 end
= pfn_to_page(pfn2
- 1) + 1;
103 if (PageReserved(page
))
105 else if (PageSwapCache(page
))
107 else if (PageSlab(page
))
109 else if (!page_count(page
))
112 shared
+= page_count(page
) - 1;
114 } while (page
< end
);
117 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total
);
118 printk("%d free pages\n", free
);
119 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved
);
120 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab
);
121 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared
);
122 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached
);
125 static void __init
find_limits(unsigned long *min
, unsigned long *max_low
,
126 unsigned long *max_high
)
128 struct meminfo
*mi
= &meminfo
;
132 *max_low
= *max_high
= 0;
134 for_each_bank (i
, mi
) {
135 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
136 unsigned long start
, end
;
138 start
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
139 end
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
152 static void __init
arm_bootmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn
,
153 unsigned long end_pfn
)
155 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
156 unsigned int boot_pages
;
161 * Allocate the bootmem bitmap page. This must be in a region
162 * of memory which has already been mapped.
164 boot_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn
- start_pfn
);
165 bitmap
= memblock_alloc_base(boot_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, L1_CACHE_BYTES
,
166 __pfn_to_phys(end_pfn
));
169 * Initialise the bootmem allocator, handing the
170 * memory banks over to bootmem.
173 pgdat
= NODE_DATA(0);
174 init_bootmem_node(pgdat
, __phys_to_pfn(bitmap
), start_pfn
, end_pfn
);
176 /* Free the lowmem regions from memblock into bootmem. */
177 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
178 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
179 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
);
186 free_bootmem(__pfn_to_phys(start
), (end
- start
) << PAGE_SHIFT
);
189 /* Reserve the lowmem memblock reserved regions in bootmem. */
190 for_each_memblock(reserved
, reg
) {
191 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(reg
);
192 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(reg
);
199 reserve_bootmem(__pfn_to_phys(start
),
200 (end
- start
) << PAGE_SHIFT
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
204 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
205 static void __init
arm_adjust_dma_zone(unsigned long *size
, unsigned long *hole
,
206 unsigned long dma_size
)
208 if (size
[0] <= dma_size
)
211 size
[ZONE_NORMAL
] = size
[0] - dma_size
;
212 size
[ZONE_DMA
] = dma_size
;
213 hole
[ZONE_NORMAL
] = hole
[0];
218 static void __init
arm_bootmem_free(unsigned long min
, unsigned long max_low
,
219 unsigned long max_high
)
221 unsigned long zone_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
], zhole_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
222 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
225 * initialise the zones.
227 memset(zone_size
, 0, sizeof(zone_size
));
230 * The memory size has already been determined. If we need
231 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory
232 * to the zones, now is the time to do it.
234 zone_size
[0] = max_low
- min
;
235 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
236 zone_size
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = max_high
- max_low
;
240 * Calculate the size of the holes.
241 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes)
243 memcpy(zhole_size
, zone_size
, sizeof(zhole_size
));
244 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
245 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
246 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
);
248 if (start
< max_low
) {
249 unsigned long low_end
= min(end
, max_low
);
250 zhole_size
[0] -= low_end
- start
;
252 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
254 unsigned long high_start
= max(start
, max_low
);
255 zhole_size
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] -= end
- high_start
;
260 #ifdef ARM_DMA_ZONE_SIZE
261 #ifndef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
262 #error ARM_DMA_ZONE_SIZE set but no DMA zone to limit allocations
266 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
269 arm_adjust_dma_zone(zone_size
, zhole_size
,
270 ARM_DMA_ZONE_SIZE
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
273 free_area_init_node(0, zone_size
, min
, zhole_size
);
276 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
277 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn
)
279 return memblock_is_memory(pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
281 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid
);
284 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
285 static void arm_memory_present(void)
289 static void arm_memory_present(void)
291 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
293 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
)
294 memory_present(0, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
),
295 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
));
299 static int __init
meminfo_cmp(const void *_a
, const void *_b
)
301 const struct membank
*a
= _a
, *b
= _b
;
302 long cmp
= bank_pfn_start(a
) - bank_pfn_start(b
);
303 return cmp
< 0 ? -1 : cmp
> 0 ? 1 : 0;
306 void __init
arm_memblock_init(struct meminfo
*mi
, struct machine_desc
*mdesc
)
310 sort(&meminfo
.bank
, meminfo
.nr_banks
, sizeof(meminfo
.bank
[0]), meminfo_cmp
, NULL
);
313 for (i
= 0; i
< mi
->nr_banks
; i
++)
314 memblock_add(mi
->bank
[i
].start
, mi
->bank
[i
].size
);
316 /* Register the kernel text, kernel data and initrd with memblock. */
317 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
318 memblock_reserve(__pa(_sdata
), _end
- _sdata
);
320 memblock_reserve(__pa(_stext
), _end
- _stext
);
322 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
323 if (phys_initrd_size
&&
324 memblock_is_region_reserved(phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
)) {
325 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region - disabling initrd\n",
326 phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
327 phys_initrd_start
= phys_initrd_size
= 0;
329 if (phys_initrd_size
) {
330 memblock_reserve(phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
332 /* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
333 initrd_start
= __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start
);
334 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ phys_initrd_size
;
338 arm_mm_memblock_reserve();
340 /* reserve any platform specific memblock areas */
348 void __init
bootmem_init(void)
350 unsigned long min
, max_low
, max_high
;
352 max_low
= max_high
= 0;
354 find_limits(&min
, &max_low
, &max_high
);
356 arm_bootmem_init(min
, max_low
);
359 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
360 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
362 arm_memory_present();
365 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
370 * Now free the memory - free_area_init_node needs
371 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
372 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
374 arm_bootmem_free(min
, max_low
, max_high
);
376 high_memory
= __va(((phys_addr_t
)max_low
<< PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1) + 1;
379 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
380 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
381 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
383 * Note: max_low_pfn and max_pfn reflect the number of _pages_ in
384 * the system, not the maximum PFN.
386 max_low_pfn
= max_low
- PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
;
387 max_pfn
= max_high
- PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
;
390 static inline int free_area(unsigned long pfn
, unsigned long end
, char *s
)
392 unsigned int pages
= 0, size
= (end
- pfn
) << (PAGE_SHIFT
- 10);
394 for (; pfn
< end
; pfn
++) {
395 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
396 ClearPageReserved(page
);
397 init_page_count(page
);
403 printk(KERN_INFO
"Freeing %s memory: %dK\n", s
, size
);
409 free_memmap(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
411 struct page
*start_pg
, *end_pg
;
412 unsigned long pg
, pgend
;
415 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
417 start_pg
= pfn_to_page(start_pfn
- 1) + 1;
418 end_pg
= pfn_to_page(end_pfn
- 1) + 1;
421 * Convert to physical addresses, and
422 * round start upwards and end downwards.
424 pg
= (unsigned long)PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg
));
425 pgend
= (unsigned long)__pa(end_pg
) & PAGE_MASK
;
428 * If there are free pages between these,
429 * free the section of the memmap array.
432 free_bootmem(pg
, pgend
- pg
);
436 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
438 static void __init
free_unused_memmap(struct meminfo
*mi
)
440 unsigned long bank_start
, prev_bank_end
= 0;
444 * This relies on each bank being in address order.
445 * The banks are sorted previously in bootmem_init().
447 for_each_bank(i
, mi
) {
448 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
450 bank_start
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
452 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
454 * Take care not to free memmap entries that don't exist
455 * due to SPARSEMEM sections which aren't present.
457 bank_start
= min(bank_start
,
458 ALIGN(prev_bank_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
));
461 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
462 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
464 if (prev_bank_end
&& prev_bank_end
< bank_start
)
465 free_memmap(prev_bank_end
, bank_start
);
468 * Align up here since the VM subsystem insists that the
469 * memmap entries are valid from the bank end aligned to
470 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
472 prev_bank_end
= ALIGN(bank_pfn_end(bank
), MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES
);
475 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
476 if (!IS_ALIGNED(prev_bank_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
))
477 free_memmap(prev_bank_end
,
478 ALIGN(prev_bank_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
));
482 static void __init
free_highpages(void)
484 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
485 unsigned long max_low
= max_low_pfn
+ PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
;
486 struct memblock_region
*mem
, *res
;
488 /* set highmem page free */
489 for_each_memblock(memory
, mem
) {
490 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem
);
491 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem
);
493 /* Ignore complete lowmem entries */
497 /* Truncate partial highmem entries */
501 /* Find and exclude any reserved regions */
502 for_each_memblock(reserved
, res
) {
503 unsigned long res_start
, res_end
;
505 res_start
= memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(res
);
506 res_end
= memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(res
);
510 if (res_start
< start
)
516 if (res_start
!= start
)
517 totalhigh_pages
+= free_area(start
, res_start
,
524 /* And now free anything which remains */
526 totalhigh_pages
+= free_area(start
, end
, NULL
);
528 totalram_pages
+= totalhigh_pages
;
533 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
534 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
535 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
537 void __init
mem_init(void)
539 unsigned long reserved_pages
, free_pages
;
540 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
542 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
543 /* These pointers are filled in on TCM detection */
548 max_mapnr
= pfn_to_page(max_pfn
+ PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
) - mem_map
;
550 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
551 free_unused_memmap(&meminfo
);
553 totalram_pages
+= free_all_bootmem();
556 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
557 totalram_pages
+= free_area(PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
,
558 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(swapper_pg_dir
)), NULL
);
563 reserved_pages
= free_pages
= 0;
565 for_each_bank(i
, &meminfo
) {
566 struct membank
*bank
= &meminfo
.bank
[i
];
567 unsigned int pfn1
, pfn2
;
568 struct page
*page
, *end
;
570 pfn1
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
571 pfn2
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
573 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn1
);
574 end
= pfn_to_page(pfn2
- 1) + 1;
577 if (PageReserved(page
))
579 else if (!page_count(page
))
582 } while (page
< end
);
586 * Since our memory may not be contiguous, calculate the
587 * real number of pages we have in this system
589 printk(KERN_INFO
"Memory:");
591 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
592 unsigned long pages
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
) -
593 memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
594 num_physpages
+= pages
;
595 printk(" %ldMB", pages
>> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT
));
597 printk(" = %luMB total\n", num_physpages
>> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT
));
599 printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Memory: %luk/%luk available, %luk reserved, %luK highmem\n",
600 nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
601 free_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
602 reserved_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
603 totalhigh_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10));
605 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
606 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
607 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
609 printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
610 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
611 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
612 " DTCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
613 " ITCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
615 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
617 " DMA : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
619 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
620 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
621 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
622 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
624 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
625 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
626 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
627 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
629 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
) +
631 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
632 MLK(DTCM_OFFSET
, (unsigned long) dtcm_end
),
633 MLK(ITCM_OFFSET
, (unsigned long) itcm_end
),
635 MLK(FIXADDR_START
, FIXADDR_TOP
),
637 MLM(CONSISTENT_BASE
, CONSISTENT_END
),
639 MLM(VMALLOC_START
, VMALLOC_END
),
640 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET
, (unsigned long)high_memory
),
641 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
642 MLM(PKMAP_BASE
, (PKMAP_BASE
) + (LAST_PKMAP
) *
645 MLM(MODULES_VADDR
, MODULES_END
),
647 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin
, __init_end
),
648 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text
, _etext
),
649 MLK_ROUNDUP(_sdata
, _edata
));
656 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
657 * be detected at build time already.
660 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END
> CONSISTENT_BASE
);
661 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END
> CONSISTENT_BASE
);
663 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
664 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
667 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
668 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
669 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
672 if (PAGE_SIZE
>= 16384 && num_physpages
<= 128) {
673 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory
;
675 * On a machine this small we won't get
676 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
679 sysctl_overcommit_memory
= OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS
;
683 void free_initmem(void)
685 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
686 extern char __tcm_start
, __tcm_end
;
688 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(&__tcm_start
)),
689 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(&__tcm_end
)),
693 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
694 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_begin
)),
695 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_end
)),
699 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
701 static int keep_initrd
;
703 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
)
706 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(start
)),
707 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(end
)),
711 static int __init
keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused
)
717 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup
);