arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c

   1 /*
   2  * Code for replacing ftrace calls with jumps.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
   5  *
   6  * Thanks goes to Ingo Molnar, for suggesting the idea.
   7  * Mathieu Desnoyers, for suggesting postponing the modifications.
   8  * Arjan van de Ven, for keeping me straight, and explaining to me
   9  * the dangers of modifying code on the run.
  10  */
  11
  12 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
  13 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
  14 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
  15 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
  16 #include <linux/percpu.h>
  17 #include <linux/init.h>
  18 #include <linux/list.h>
  19
  20 #include <asm/ftrace.h>
  21 #include <asm/nops.h>
  22
  23
  24 /* Long is fine, even if it is only 4 bytes ;-) */
  25 static unsigned long *ftrace_nop;
  26
  27 union ftrace_code_union {
  28         char code[MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE];
  29         struct {
  30                 char e8;
  31                 int offset;
  32         } __attribute__((packed));
  33 };
  34
  35
  36 static int notrace ftrace_calc_offset(long ip, long addr)
  37 {
  38         return (int)(addr - ip);
  39 }
  40
  41 notrace unsigned char *ftrace_nop_replace(void)
  42 {
  43         return (char *)ftrace_nop;
  44 }
  45
  46 notrace unsigned char *ftrace_call_replace(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
  47 {
  48         static union ftrace_code_union calc;
  49
  50         calc.e8         = 0xe8;
  51         calc.offset     = ftrace_calc_offset(ip + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE, addr);
  52
  53         /*
  54          * No locking needed, this must be called via kstop_machine
  55          * which in essence is like running on a uniprocessor machine.
  56          */
  57         return calc.code;
  58 }
  59
  60 notrace int
  61 ftrace_modify_code(unsigned long ip, unsigned char *old_code,
  62                    unsigned char *new_code)
  63 {
  64         unsigned char replaced[MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE];
  65         int ret;
  66
  67         /*
  68          * Note: Due to modules and __init, code can
  69          *  disappear and change, we need to protect against faulting
  70          *  as well as code changing.
  71          *
  72          * No real locking needed, this code is run through
  73          * kstop_machine, or before SMP starts.
  74          */
  75         if (__copy_from_user_inatomic(replaced, (char __user *)ip, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE))
  76                 return 1;
  77
  78         if (memcmp(replaced, old_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE) != 0)
  79                 return 2;
  80
  81         ret = __copy_to_user_inatomic((char __user *)ip, new_code,
  82                                         MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
  83         WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
  84
  85         sync_core();
  86
  87         return 0;
  88 }
  89
  90 notrace int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
  91 {
  92         unsigned long ip = (unsigned long)(&ftrace_call);
  93         unsigned char old[MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE], *new;
  94         int ret;
  95
  96         memcpy(old, &ftrace_call, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
  97         new = ftrace_call_replace(ip, (unsigned long)func);
  98         ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
  99
 100         return ret;
 101 }
 102
 103 notrace int ftrace_mcount_set(unsigned long *data)
 104 {
 105         /* mcount is initialized as a nop */
 106         *data = 0;
 107         return 0;
 108 }
 109
 110 int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void *data)
 111 {
 112         extern const unsigned char ftrace_test_p6nop[];
 113         extern const unsigned char ftrace_test_nop5[];
 114         extern const unsigned char ftrace_test_jmp[];
 115         int faulted = 0;
 116
 117         /*
 118          * There is no good nop for all x86 archs.
 119          * We will default to using the P6_NOP5, but first we
 120          * will test to make sure that the nop will actually
 121          * work on this CPU. If it faults, we will then
 122          * go to a lesser efficient 5 byte nop. If that fails
 123          * we then just use a jmp as our nop. This isn't the most
 124          * efficient nop, but we can not use a multi part nop
 125          * since we would then risk being preempted in the middle
 126          * of that nop, and if we enabled tracing then, it might
 127          * cause a system crash.
 128          *
 129          * TODO: check the cpuid to determine the best nop.
 130          */
 131         asm volatile (
 132                 "jmp ftrace_test_jmp\n"
 133                 /* This code needs to stay around */
 134                 ".section .text, \"ax\"\n"
 135                 "ftrace_test_jmp:"
 136                 "jmp ftrace_test_p6nop\n"
 137                 "nop\n"
 138                 "nop\n"
 139                 "nop\n"  /* 2 byte jmp + 3 bytes */
 140                 "ftrace_test_p6nop:"
 141                 P6_NOP5
 142                 "jmp 1f\n"
 143                 "ftrace_test_nop5:"
 144                 ".byte 0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x90\n"
 145                 "jmp 1f\n"
 146                 ".previous\n"
 147                 "1:"
 148                 ".section .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
 149                 "2:     movl $1, %0\n"
 150                 "       jmp ftrace_test_nop5\n"
 151                 "3:     movl $2, %0\n"
 152                 "       jmp 1b\n"
 153                 ".previous\n"
 154                 _ASM_EXTABLE(ftrace_test_p6nop, 2b)
 155                 _ASM_EXTABLE(ftrace_test_nop5, 3b)
 156                 : "=r"(faulted) : "0" (faulted));
 157
 158         switch (faulted) {
 159         case 0:
 160                 pr_info("ftrace: converting mcount calls to 0f 1f 44 00 00\n");
 161                 ftrace_nop = (unsigned long *)ftrace_test_p6nop;
 162                 break;
 163         case 1:
 164                 pr_info("ftrace: converting mcount calls to 66 66 66 66 90\n");
 165                 ftrace_nop = (unsigned long *)ftrace_test_nop5;
 166                 break;
 167         case 2:
 168                 pr_info("ftrace: converting mcount calls to jmp . + 5\n");
 169                 ftrace_nop = (unsigned long *)ftrace_test_jmp;
 170                 break;
 171         }
 172
 173         /* The return code is retured via data */
 174         *(unsigned long *)data = 0;
 175
 176         return 0;
 177 }