arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c

   1 /*
   2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   3  *
   4  *  Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
   5  *      Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
   6  */
   7
   8 /*
   9  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling..
  10  */
  11
  12 #include <linux/cpu.h>
  13 #include <linux/errno.h>
  14 #include <linux/sched.h>
  15 #include <linux/fs.h>
  16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  17 #include <linux/mm.h>
  18 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
  19 #include <linux/smp.h>
  20 #include <linux/stddef.h>
  21 #include <linux/slab.h>
  22 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
  23 #include <linux/user.h>
  24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
  25 #include <linux/delay.h>
  26 #include <linux/reboot.h>
  27 #include <linux/init.h>
  28 #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
  29 #include <linux/module.h>
  30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
  31 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
  32 #include <linux/personality.h>
  33 #include <linux/percpu.h>
  34 #include <linux/prctl.h>
  35 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
  36 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
  37 #include <linux/io.h>
  38 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
  39
  40 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
  41 #include <asm/ldt.h>
  42 #include <asm/processor.h>
  43 #include <asm/i387.h>
  44 #include <asm/fpu-internal.h>
  45 #include <asm/desc.h>
  46 #ifdef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION
  47 #include <asm/math_emu.h>
  48 #endif
  49
  50 #include <linux/err.h>
  51
  52 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  53 #include <asm/cpu.h>
  54 #include <asm/idle.h>
  55 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
  56 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
  57 #include <asm/switch_to.h>
  58
  59 asmlinkage void ret_from_fork(void) __asm__("ret_from_fork");
  60 asmlinkage void ret_from_kernel_thread(void) __asm__("ret_from_kernel_thread");
  61
  62 /*
  63  * Return saved PC of a blocked thread.
  64  */
  65 unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk)
  66 {
  67         return ((unsigned long *)tsk->thread.sp)[3];
  68 }
  69
  70 void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
  71 {
  72         unsigned long cr0 = 0L, cr2 = 0L, cr3 = 0L, cr4 = 0L;
  73         unsigned long d0, d1, d2, d3, d6, d7;
  74         unsigned long sp;
  75         unsigned short ss, gs;
  76
  77         if (user_mode_vm(regs)) {
  78                 sp = regs->sp;
  79                 ss = regs->ss & 0xffff;
  80                 gs = get_user_gs(regs);
  81         } else {
  82                 sp = kernel_stack_pointer(regs);
  83                 savesegment(ss, ss);
  84                 savesegment(gs, gs);
  85         }
  86
  87         show_regs_common();
  88
  89         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EIP: %04x:[<%08lx>] EFLAGS: %08lx CPU: %d\n",
  90                         (u16)regs->cs, regs->ip, regs->flags,
  91                         smp_processor_id());
  92         print_symbol("EIP is at %s\n", regs->ip);
  93
  94         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EAX: %08lx EBX: %08lx ECX: %08lx EDX: %08lx\n",
  95                 regs->ax, regs->bx, regs->cx, regs->dx);
  96         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "ESI: %08lx EDI: %08lx EBP: %08lx ESP: %08lx\n",
  97                 regs->si, regs->di, regs->bp, sp);
  98         printk(KERN_DEFAULT " DS: %04x ES: %04x FS: %04x GS: %04x SS: %04x\n",
  99                (u16)regs->ds, (u16)regs->es, (u16)regs->fs, gs, ss);
 100
 101         if (!all)
 102                 return;
 103
 104         cr0 = read_cr0();
 105         cr2 = read_cr2();
 106         cr3 = read_cr3();
 107         cr4 = read_cr4_safe();
 108         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CR0: %08lx CR2: %08lx CR3: %08lx CR4: %08lx\n",
 109                         cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4);
 110
 111         get_debugreg(d0, 0);
 112         get_debugreg(d1, 1);
 113         get_debugreg(d2, 2);
 114         get_debugreg(d3, 3);
 115         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR0: %08lx DR1: %08lx DR2: %08lx DR3: %08lx\n",
 116                         d0, d1, d2, d3);
 117
 118         get_debugreg(d6, 6);
 119         get_debugreg(d7, 7);
 120         printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR6: %08lx DR7: %08lx\n",
 121                         d6, d7);
 122 }
 123
 124 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
 125 {
 126         BUG_ON(dead_task->mm);
 127         release_vm86_irqs(dead_task);
 128 }
 129
 130 int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long sp,
 131         unsigned long arg,
 132         struct task_struct *p, struct pt_regs *unused)
 133 {
 134         struct pt_regs *childregs = task_pt_regs(p);
 135         struct task_struct *tsk;
 136         int err;
 137
 138         p->thread.sp = (unsigned long) childregs;
 139         p->thread.sp0 = (unsigned long) (childregs+1);
 140
 141         if (unlikely(p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)) {
 142                 /* kernel thread */
 143                 memset(childregs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
 144                 p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_kernel_thread;
 145                 task_user_gs(p) = __KERNEL_STACK_CANARY;
 146                 childregs->ds = __USER_DS;
 147                 childregs->es = __USER_DS;
 148                 childregs->fs = __KERNEL_PERCPU;
 149                 childregs->bx = sp;     /* function */
 150                 childregs->bp = arg;
 151                 childregs->orig_ax = -1;
 152                 childregs->cs = __KERNEL_CS | get_kernel_rpl();
 153                 childregs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF | X86_EFLAGS_BIT1;
 154                 p->fpu_counter = 0;
 155                 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;
 156                 memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));
 157                 return 0;
 158         }
 159         *childregs = *current_pt_regs();
 160         childregs->ax = 0;
 161         if (sp)
 162                 childregs->sp = sp;
 163
 164         p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_fork;
 165         task_user_gs(p) = get_user_gs(current_pt_regs());
 166
 167         p->fpu_counter = 0;
 168         p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;
 169         tsk = current;
 170         err = -ENOMEM;
 171
 172         memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));
 173
 174         if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_IO_BITMAP))) {
 175                 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = kmemdup(tsk->thread.io_bitmap_ptr,
 176                                                 IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
 177                 if (!p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
 178                         p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
 179                         return -ENOMEM;
 180                 }
 181                 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_IO_BITMAP);
 182         }
 183
 184         err = 0;
 185
 186         /*
 187          * Set a new TLS for the child thread?
 188          */
 189         if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS)
 190                 err = do_set_thread_area(p, -1,
 191                         (struct user_desc __user *)childregs->si, 0);
 192
 193         if (err && p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
 194                 kfree(p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr);
 195                 p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
 196         }
 197         return err;
 198 }
 199
 200 void
 201 start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip, unsigned long new_sp)
 202 {
 203         set_user_gs(regs, 0);
 204         regs->fs                = 0;
 205         regs->ds                = __USER_DS;
 206         regs->es                = __USER_DS;
 207         regs->ss                = __USER_DS;
 208         regs->cs                = __USER_CS;
 209         regs->ip                = new_ip;
 210         regs->sp                = new_sp;
 211         regs->flags             = X86_EFLAGS_IF;
 212         /*
 213          * force it to the iret return path by making it look as if there was
 214          * some work pending.
 215          */
 216         set_thread_flag(TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME);
 217 }
 218 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_thread);
 219
 220
 221 /*
 222  *      switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y.
 223  *
 224  * We fsave/fwait so that an exception goes off at the right time
 225  * (as a call from the fsave or fwait in effect) rather than to
 226  * the wrong process. Lazy FP saving no longer makes any sense
 227  * with modern CPU's, and this simplifies a lot of things (SMP
 228  * and UP become the same).
 229  *
 230  * NOTE! We used to use the x86 hardware context switching. The
 231  * reason for not using it any more becomes apparent when you
 232  * try to recover gracefully from saved state that is no longer
 233  * valid (stale segment register values in particular). With the
 234  * hardware task-switch, there is no way to fix up bad state in
 235  * a reasonable manner.
 236  *
 237  * The fact that Intel documents the hardware task-switching to
 238  * be slow is a fairly red herring - this code is not noticeably
 239  * faster. However, there _is_ some room for improvement here,
 240  * so the performance issues may eventually be a valid point.
 241  * More important, however, is the fact that this allows us much
 242  * more flexibility.
 243  *
 244  * The return value (in %ax) will be the "prev" task after
 245  * the task-switch, and shows up in ret_from_fork in entry.S,
 246  * for example.
 247  */
 248 __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct *
 249 __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 250 {
 251         struct thread_struct *prev = &prev_p->thread,
 252                                  *next = &next_p->thread;
 253         int cpu = smp_processor_id();
 254         struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
 255         fpu_switch_t fpu;
 256
 257         /* never put a printk in __switch_to... printk() calls wake_up*() indirectly */
 258
 259         fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p, cpu);
 260
 261         /*
 262          * Reload esp0.
 263          */
 264         load_sp0(tss, next);
 265
 266         /*
 267          * Save away %gs. No need to save %fs, as it was saved on the
 268          * stack on entry.  No need to save %es and %ds, as those are
 269          * always kernel segments while inside the kernel.  Doing this
 270          * before setting the new TLS descriptors avoids the situation
 271          * where we temporarily have non-reloadable segments in %fs
 272          * and %gs.  This could be an issue if the NMI handler ever
 273          * used %fs or %gs (it does not today), or if the kernel is
 274          * running inside of a hypervisor layer.
 275          */
 276         lazy_save_gs(prev->gs);
 277
 278         /*
 279          * Load the per-thread Thread-Local Storage descriptor.
 280          */
 281         load_TLS(next, cpu);
 282
 283         /*
 284          * Restore IOPL if needed.  In normal use, the flags restore
 285          * in the switch assembly will handle this.  But if the kernel
 286          * is running virtualized at a non-zero CPL, the popf will
 287          * not restore flags, so it must be done in a separate step.
 288          */
 289         if (get_kernel_rpl() && unlikely(prev->iopl != next->iopl))
 290                 set_iopl_mask(next->iopl);
 291
 292         /*
 293          * Now maybe handle debug registers and/or IO bitmaps
 294          */
 295         if (unlikely(task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV ||
 296                      task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT))
 297                 __switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
 298
 299         /*
 300          * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
 301          * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
 302          * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be
 303          * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up
 304          * to date.
 305          */
 306         arch_end_context_switch(next_p);
 307
 308         /*
 309          * Restore %gs if needed (which is common)
 310          */
 311         if (prev->gs | next->gs)
 312                 lazy_load_gs(next->gs);
 313
 314         switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);
 315
 316         this_cpu_write(current_task, next_p);
 317
 318         return prev_p;
 319 }
 320
 321 #define top_esp                (THREAD_SIZE - sizeof(unsigned long))
 322 #define top_ebp                (THREAD_SIZE - 2*sizeof(unsigned long))
 323
 324 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p)
 325 {
 326         unsigned long bp, sp, ip;
 327         unsigned long stack_page;
 328         int count = 0;
 329         if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING)
 330                 return 0;
 331         stack_page = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p);
 332         sp = p->thread.sp;
 333         if (!stack_page || sp < stack_page || sp > top_esp+stack_page)
 334                 return 0;
 335         /* include/asm-i386/system.h:switch_to() pushes bp last. */
 336         bp = *(unsigned long *) sp;
 337         do {
 338                 if (bp < stack_page || bp > top_ebp+stack_page)
 339                         return 0;
 340                 ip = *(unsigned long *) (bp+4);
 341                 if (!in_sched_functions(ip))
 342                         return ip;
 343                 bp = *(unsigned long *) bp;
 344         } while (count++ < 16);
 345         return 0;
 346 }
 347