gas/config/tc-avr.c

   1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
   2
   3    Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4    Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
   5
   6    This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
   7
   8    GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
  11    any later version.
  12
  13    GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16    GNU General Public License for more details.
  17
  18    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19    along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
  20    the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  21    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  22
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include "as.h"
  25 #include "safe-ctype.h"
  26 #include "subsegs.h"
  27
  28 struct avr_opcodes_s
  29 {
  30   char *name;
  31   char *constraints;
  32   int insn_size;                /* In words.  */
  33   int isa;
  34   unsigned int bin_opcode;
  35 };
  36
  37 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
  38 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
  39
  40 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
  41 {
  42   #include "opcode/avr.h"
  43   {NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0}
  44 };
  45
  46 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
  47 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
  48 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
  49
  50 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
  51 struct mcu_type_s
  52 {
  53   char *name;
  54   int isa;
  55   int mach;
  56 };
  57
  58 /* XXX - devices that don't seem to exist (renamed, replaced with larger
  59    ones, or planned but never produced), left here for compatibility.
  60    TODO: hide them in show_mcu_list output?  */
  61
  62 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
  63 {
  64   {"avr1",      AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  65   {"avr2",      AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  66   {"avr3",      AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  67   {"avr4",      AVR_ISA_M8,       bfd_mach_avr4},
  68   {"avr5",      AVR_ISA_ALL,      bfd_mach_avr5},
  69   {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200,     bfd_mach_avr1},
  70   {"attiny10",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1}, /* XXX -> tn11 */
  71   {"attiny11",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  72   {"attiny12",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  73   {"attiny15",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  74   {"attiny28",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  75   {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  76   {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  77   {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 4433 */
  78   {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  79   {"attiny22",  AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 2343 */
  80   {"attiny26",  AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  81   {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  82   {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8515 */
  83   {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8535 */
  84   {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  85   {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  86   {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  87   {"atmega603", AVR_ISA_M603,     bfd_mach_avr3}, /* XXX -> m103 */
  88   {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  89   {"at43usb320",AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  90   {"at43usb355",AVR_ISA_M603,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  91   {"at76c711",  AVR_ISA_M603,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  92   {"atmega8",   AVR_ISA_M8,       bfd_mach_avr4},
  93   {"atmega83",  AVR_ISA_M8,       bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m163 */
  94   {"atmega85",  AVR_ISA_M8,       bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m8 */
  95   {"atmega8515",AVR_ISA_M8,       bfd_mach_avr4},
  96   {"atmega16",  AVR_ISA_M323,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  97   {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  98   {"atmega162", AVR_ISA_M323,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  99   {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
 100   {"atmega32",  AVR_ISA_M323,     bfd_mach_avr5},
 101   {"atmega323", AVR_ISA_M323,     bfd_mach_avr5},
 102   {"atmega64",  AVR_ISA_M323,     bfd_mach_avr5},
 103   {"atmega128", AVR_ISA_M128,     bfd_mach_avr5},
 104   {"at94k",     AVR_ISA_94K,      bfd_mach_avr5},
 105   {NULL, 0, 0}
 106 };
 107
 108 /* Current MCU type.  */
 109 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
 110 static struct mcu_type_s *avr_mcu = &default_mcu;
 111
 112 /* AVR target-specific switches.  */
 113 struct avr_opt_s
 114 {
 115   int all_opcodes;  /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes  */
 116   int no_skip_bug;  /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns  */
 117   int no_wrap;      /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around  */
 118 };
 119
 120 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
 121
 122 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
 123 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
 124 static void avr_set_arch (int dummy);
 125
 126 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support.  */
 127 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
 128 {
 129   {"arch", avr_set_arch,        0},
 130   { NULL,       NULL,           0}
 131 };
 132
 133 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
 134
 135 static void show_mcu_list PARAMS ((FILE *));
 136 static char *skip_space PARAMS ((char *));
 137 static char *extract_word PARAMS ((char *, char *, int));
 138 static unsigned int avr_operand PARAMS ((struct avr_opcodes_s *,
 139                                          int, char *, char **));
 140 static unsigned int avr_operands PARAMS ((struct avr_opcodes_s *, char **));
 141 static unsigned int avr_get_constant PARAMS ((char *, int));
 142 static char *parse_exp PARAMS ((char *, expressionS *));
 143 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type avr_ldi_expression PARAMS ((expressionS *));
 144
 145 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
 146 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
 147 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
 148 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
 149
 150 struct exp_mod_s
 151 {
 152   char *name;
 153   bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
 154   bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
 155   int have_pm;
 156 };
 157
 158 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] =
 159 {
 160   {"hh8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 161   {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 162   {"hi8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 163   {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 164   {"lo8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 165   {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 166   {"hlo8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 167   {"hhi8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 168 };
 169
 170 /* Opcode hash table.  */
 171 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
 172
 173 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx).  */
 174 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
 175
 176 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
 177 #define OPTION_ALL_OPCODES (OPTION_MD_BASE + 1)
 178 #define OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG (OPTION_MD_BASE + 2)
 179 #define OPTION_NO_WRAP     (OPTION_MD_BASE + 3)
 180
 181 struct option md_longopts[] =
 182 {
 183   { "mmcu",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU        },
 184   { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
 185   { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
 186   { "mno-wrap",     no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP     },
 187   { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
 188 };
 189
 190 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
 191
 192 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names.  */
 193
 194 static void
 195 show_mcu_list (stream)
 196      FILE *stream;
 197 {
 198   int i, x;
 199
 200   fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
 201   x = 1000;
 202
 203   for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
 204     {
 205       int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
 206
 207       x += len + 1;
 208
 209       if (x < 75)
 210         fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 211       else
 212         {
 213           fprintf (stream, "\n  %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 214           x = len + 2;
 215         }
 216     }
 217
 218   fprintf (stream, "\n");
 219 }
 220
 221 static inline char *
 222 skip_space (s)
 223      char *s;
 224 {
 225   while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
 226     ++s;
 227   return s;
 228 }
 229
 230 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO.  */
 231
 232 static char *
 233 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
 234 {
 235   char *op_start;
 236   char *op_end;
 237   int size = 0;
 238
 239   /* Drop leading whitespace.  */
 240   from = skip_space (from);
 241   *to = 0;
 242
 243   /* Find the op code end.  */
 244   for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
 245     {
 246       to[size++] = *op_end++;
 247       if (size + 1 >= limit)
 248         break;
 249     }
 250
 251   to[size] = 0;
 252   return op_end;
 253 }
 254
 255 int
 256 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragp, seg)
 257      fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 258      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 259 {
 260   abort ();
 261   return 0;
 262 }
 263
 264 void
 265 md_show_usage (stream)
 266      FILE *stream;
 267 {
 268   fprintf (stream,
 269       _("AVR options:\n"
 270         "  -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
 271         "                   [avr-name] can be:\n"
 272         "                   avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
 273         "                   avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
 274         "                   avr3 - ATmega103, ATmega603\n"
 275         "                   avr4 - ATmega83, ATmega85\n"
 276         "                   avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
 277         "                   or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
 278   fprintf (stream,
 279       _("  -mall-opcodes    accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
 280         "  -mno-skip-bug    disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
 281         "                   (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
 282         "  -mno-wrap        reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
 283         "                   (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
 284   show_mcu_list (stream);
 285 }
 286
 287 static void
 288 avr_set_arch (dummy)
 289      int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 290 {
 291   char *str;
 292
 293   str = (char *) alloca (20);
 294   input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
 295   md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
 296   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 297 }
 298
 299 int
 300 md_parse_option (c, arg)
 301      int c;
 302      char *arg;
 303 {
 304   switch (c)
 305     {
 306     case OPTION_MMCU:
 307       {
 308         int i;
 309         char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
 310
 311         {
 312           char *t = s;
 313           char *arg1 = arg;
 314
 315           do
 316             *t = TOLOWER (*arg1++);
 317           while (*t++);
 318         }
 319
 320         for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
 321           if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
 322             break;
 323
 324         if (!mcu_types[i].name)
 325           {
 326             show_mcu_list (stderr);
 327             as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
 328           }
 329
 330         /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
 331            type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
 332            as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time.  */
 333         if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
 334           avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
 335         else
 336           as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
 337                     avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
 338         return 1;
 339       }
 340     case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
 341       avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
 342       return 1;
 343     case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
 344       avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
 345       return 1;
 346     case OPTION_NO_WRAP:
 347       avr_opt.no_wrap = 1;
 348       return 1;
 349     }
 350
 351   return 0;
 352 }
 353
 354 symbolS *
 355 md_undefined_symbol (name)
 356      char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 357 {
 358   return 0;
 359 }
 360
 361 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant
 362    of type TYPE, and store the appropriate bytes in *LITP.  The number
 363    of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *SIZEP.  An error message is
 364    returned, or NULL on OK.  */
 365
 366 char *
 367 md_atof (type, litP, sizeP)
 368      int type;
 369      char *litP;
 370      int *sizeP;
 371 {
 372   int prec;
 373   LITTLENUM_TYPE words[4];
 374   LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
 375   char *t;
 376
 377   switch (type)
 378     {
 379     case 'f':
 380       prec = 2;
 381       break;
 382     case 'd':
 383       prec = 4;
 384       break;
 385     default:
 386       *sizeP = 0;
 387       return _("bad call to md_atof");
 388     }
 389
 390   t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
 391   if (t)
 392     input_line_pointer = t;
 393
 394   *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 395
 396   /* This loop outputs the LITTLENUMs in REVERSE order.  */
 397   for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;)
 398     {
 399       md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
 400       litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 401     }
 402
 403   return NULL;
 404 }
 405
 406 void
 407 md_convert_frag (abfd, sec, fragP)
 408      bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 409      asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 410      fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 411 {
 412   abort ();
 413 }
 414
 415 void
 416 md_begin ()
 417 {
 418   unsigned int i;
 419   struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 420   avr_hash = hash_new ();
 421
 422   /* Insert unique names into hash table.  This hash table then provides a
 423      quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
 424      table.  */
 425   for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
 426     hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
 427
 428   avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
 429
 430   for (i = 0; i < sizeof (exp_mod) / sizeof (exp_mod[0]); ++i)
 431     hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME (i), (void *) (i + 10));
 432
 433   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 434 }
 435
 436 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
 437    If result greater than MAX then error.  */
 438
 439 static unsigned int
 440 avr_get_constant (str, max)
 441      char *str;
 442      int max;
 443 {
 444   expressionS ex;
 445   str = skip_space (str);
 446   input_line_pointer = str;
 447   expression (&ex);
 448
 449   if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
 450     as_bad (_("constant value required"));
 451
 452   if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
 453     as_bad (_("number must be less than %d"), max + 1);
 454
 455   return ex.X_add_number;
 456 }
 457
 458 /* Parse instruction operands.
 459    Return binary opcode.  */
 460
 461 static unsigned int
 462 avr_operands (opcode, line)
 463      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 464      char **line;
 465 {
 466   char *op = opcode->constraints;
 467   unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
 468   char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
 469   char *str = *line;
 470   int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
 471   static unsigned int prev = 0;  /* Previous opcode.  */
 472
 473   /* Opcode have operands.  */
 474   if (*op)
 475     {
 476       unsigned int reg1 = 0;
 477       unsigned int reg2 = 0;
 478       int reg1_present = 0;
 479       int reg2_present = 0;
 480
 481       /* Parse first operand.  */
 482       if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 483         reg1_present = 1;
 484       reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 485       ++op;
 486
 487       /* Parse second operand.  */
 488       if (*op)
 489         {
 490           if (*op == ',')
 491             ++op;
 492
 493           if (*op == '=')
 494             {
 495               reg2 = reg1;
 496               reg2_present = 1;
 497             }
 498           else
 499             {
 500               if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 501                 reg2_present = 1;
 502
 503               str = skip_space (str);
 504               if (*str++ != ',')
 505                 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
 506               str = skip_space (str);
 507
 508               reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 509
 510             }
 511
 512           if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
 513             reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
 514           else if (reg2_present)
 515             reg2 <<= 4;
 516         }
 517       if (reg1_present)
 518         reg1 <<= 4;
 519       bin |= reg1 | reg2;
 520     }
 521
 522   /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+).  */
 523   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && AVR_UNDEF_P (bin))
 524     as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
 525
 526   if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
 527     {
 528       /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
 529          (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices).  */
 530
 531       if (!(avr_opt.no_skip_bug || (avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MUL))
 532           && AVR_SKIP_P (prev))
 533         as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
 534
 535       bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
 536     }
 537   else
 538     bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
 539
 540   prev = bin;
 541   *line = str;
 542   return bin;
 543 }
 544
 545 /* Parse one instruction operand.
 546    Return operand bitmask.  Also fixups can be generated.  */
 547
 548 static unsigned int
 549 avr_operand (opcode, where, op, line)
 550      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 551      int where;
 552      char *op;
 553      char **line;
 554 {
 555   expressionS op_expr;
 556   unsigned int op_mask = 0;
 557   char *str = skip_space (*line);
 558
 559   switch (*op)
 560     {
 561       /* Any register operand.  */
 562     case 'w':
 563     case 'd':
 564     case 'r':
 565     case 'a':
 566     case 'v':
 567       if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
 568         {
 569           char r_name[20];
 570
 571           str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
 572           op_mask = 0xff;
 573           if (ISDIGIT (r_name[1]))
 574             {
 575               if (r_name[2] == '\0')
 576                 op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
 577               else if (r_name[1] != '0'
 578                        && ISDIGIT (r_name[2])
 579                        && r_name[3] == '\0')
 580                 op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
 581             }
 582         }
 583       else
 584         {
 585           op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 586           str = input_line_pointer;
 587         }
 588
 589       if (op_mask <= 31)
 590         {
 591           switch (*op)
 592             {
 593             case 'a':
 594               if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
 595                 as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
 596               op_mask -= 16;
 597               break;
 598
 599             case 'd':
 600               if (op_mask < 16)
 601                 as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
 602               op_mask -= 16;
 603               break;
 604
 605             case 'v':
 606               if (op_mask & 1)
 607                 as_bad (_("even register number required"));
 608               op_mask >>= 1;
 609               break;
 610
 611             case 'w':
 612               if ((op_mask & 1) || op_mask < 24)
 613                 as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
 614               op_mask = (op_mask - 24) >> 1;
 615               break;
 616             }
 617           break;
 618         }
 619       as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
 620       break;
 621
 622     case 'e':
 623       {
 624         char c;
 625
 626         if (*str == '-')
 627           {
 628             str = skip_space (str + 1);
 629             op_mask = 0x1002;
 630           }
 631         c = TOLOWER (*str);
 632         if (c == 'x')
 633           op_mask |= 0x100c;
 634         else if (c == 'y')
 635           op_mask |= 0x8;
 636         else if (c != 'z')
 637           as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
 638
 639         str = skip_space (str + 1);
 640         if (*str == '+')
 641           {
 642             ++str;
 643             if (op_mask & 2)
 644               as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
 645             op_mask |= 0x1001;
 646           }
 647
 648         /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
 649            registers, no predecrement, no postincrement.  */
 650         if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
 651             && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
 652           as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
 653       }
 654       break;
 655
 656     case 'z':
 657       if (*str == '-')
 658         as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
 659
 660       if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
 661         as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
 662
 663       str = skip_space (str + 1);
 664
 665       if (*str == '+')
 666         {
 667           ++str;
 668           op_mask |= 1;
 669         }
 670       break;
 671
 672     case 'b':
 673       {
 674         char c = TOLOWER (*str++);
 675
 676         if (c == 'y')
 677           op_mask |= 0x8;
 678         else if (c != 'z')
 679           as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
 680         str = skip_space (str);
 681         if (*str++ == '+')
 682           {
 683             unsigned int x;
 684             x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 685             str = input_line_pointer;
 686             op_mask |= (x & 7) | ((x & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((x & (1 << 5)) << 8);
 687           }
 688       }
 689       break;
 690
 691     case 'h':
 692       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 693       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 694                    &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
 695       break;
 696
 697     case 'L':
 698       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 699       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 700                    &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
 701       break;
 702
 703     case 'l':
 704       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 705       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 706                    &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
 707       break;
 708
 709     case 'i':
 710       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 711       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where + 2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 712                    &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
 713       break;
 714
 715     case 'M':
 716       {
 717         bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
 718
 719         input_line_pointer = str;
 720         r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
 721         str = input_line_pointer;
 722         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
 723                      &op_expr, false, r_type);
 724       }
 725       break;
 726
 727     case 'n':
 728       {
 729         unsigned int x;
 730
 731         x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
 732         str = input_line_pointer;
 733         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
 734       }
 735       break;
 736
 737     case 'K':
 738       {
 739         unsigned int x;
 740
 741         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 742         str = input_line_pointer;
 743         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 2);
 744       }
 745       break;
 746
 747     case 'S':
 748     case 's':
 749       {
 750         unsigned int x;
 751
 752         x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
 753         str = input_line_pointer;
 754         if (*op == 'S')
 755           x <<= 4;
 756         op_mask |= x;
 757       }
 758       break;
 759
 760     case 'P':
 761       {
 762         unsigned int x;
 763
 764         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 765         str = input_line_pointer;
 766         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
 767       }
 768       break;
 769
 770     case 'p':
 771       {
 772         unsigned int x;
 773
 774         x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 775         str = input_line_pointer;
 776         op_mask |= x << 3;
 777       }
 778       break;
 779
 780     case '?':
 781       break;
 782
 783     default:
 784       as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
 785     }
 786
 787   *line = str;
 788   return op_mask;
 789 }
 790
 791 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
 792    to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section.  */
 793
 794 valueT
 795 md_section_align (seg, addr)
 796      asection *seg;
 797      valueT addr;
 798 {
 799   int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
 800   return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
 801 }
 802
 803 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
 804    address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
 805    relative adjustment should be made.  On many processors, the base
 806    of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
 807    macro would return the length of an instruction.  */
 808
 809 long
 810 md_pcrel_from_section (fixp, sec)
 811      fixS *fixp;
 812      segT sec;
 813 {
 814   if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
 815       && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
 816           || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
 817     return 0;
 818
 819   return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
 820 }
 821
 822 /* GAS will call this for each fixup.  It should store the correct
 823    value in the object file.  */
 824
 825 void
 826 md_apply_fix3 (fixP, valP, seg)
 827      fixS *fixP;
 828      valueT * valP;
 829      segT seg;
 830 {
 831   unsigned char *where;
 832   unsigned long insn;
 833   long value = * (long *) valP;
 834
 835   if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
 836     fixP->fx_done = 1;
 837
 838   else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
 839     {
 840       segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_addsy);
 841
 842       if (fixP->fx_addsy && (s == seg || s == absolute_section))
 843         {
 844           value += S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_addsy);
 845           fixP->fx_done = 1;
 846         }
 847     }
 848   else
 849     {
 850       value = fixP->fx_offset;
 851
 852       if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
 853         {
 854           if (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_subsy) == absolute_section)
 855             {
 856               value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_subsy);
 857               fixP->fx_done = 1;
 858             }
 859           else
 860             {
 861               /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol.  */
 862               as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
 863                             _("expression too complex"));
 864             }
 865         }
 866     }
 867
 868   switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
 869     {
 870     default:
 871       fixP->fx_no_overflow = 1;
 872       break;
 873     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 874     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 875     case BFD_RELOC_32:
 876     case BFD_RELOC_16:
 877     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
 878       break;
 879     }
 880
 881   if (fixP->fx_done)
 882     {
 883       /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
 884          value, and stuff the instruction back again.  */
 885       where = fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
 886       insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
 887
 888       switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
 889         {
 890         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 891           if (value & 1)
 892             as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
 893                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 894
 895           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 896           value >>= 1;
 897           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 898
 899           if (value < -64 || value > 63)
 900             as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
 901                           _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 902           value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
 903           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 904           break;
 905
 906         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 907           if (value & 1)
 908             as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
 909                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 910
 911           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 912           value >>= 1;
 913           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 914
 915           if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
 916             {
 917               /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory.  */
 918               if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
 919                 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
 920                               _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 921             }
 922
 923           value &= 0xfff;
 924           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 925           break;
 926
 927         case BFD_RELOC_32:
 928           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 929           break;
 930
 931         case BFD_RELOC_16:
 932           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 933           break;
 934
 935         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
 936           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value >> 1), where);
 937           break;
 938
 939         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 940           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
 941           break;
 942
 943         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 944           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 945           break;
 946
 947         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 948           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
 949           break;
 950
 951         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 952           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
 953           break;
 954
 955         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
 956           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 957           break;
 958
 959         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 960           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
 961           break;
 962
 963         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 964           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 965           break;
 966
 967         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 968           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
 969           break;
 970
 971         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 972           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
 973           break;
 974
 975         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
 976           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 977           break;
 978
 979         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
 980           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
 981           break;
 982
 983         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
 984           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
 985           break;
 986
 987         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
 988           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
 989           break;
 990
 991         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 992           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
 993           break;
 994
 995         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 996           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
 997           break;
 998
 999         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1000           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
1001           break;
1002
1003         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1004           {
1005             unsigned long x;
1006
1007             x = bfd_getl16 (where);
1008             if (value & 1)
1009               as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1010                             _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1011             value >>= 1;
1012             x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1013             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1014             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where + 2);
1015           }
1016           break;
1017
1018         default:
1019           as_fatal (_("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1020                     fixP->fx_line, fixP->fx_r_type);
1021           break;
1022         }
1023     }
1024   else
1025     {
1026       switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1027         {
1028         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1029         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1030         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1031         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1032           as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1033                         _("only constant expression allowed"));
1034           fixP->fx_done = 1;
1035           break;
1036         default:
1037           break;
1038         }
1039       fixP->fx_addnumber = value;
1040     }
1041 }
1042
1043 /* A `BFD_ASSEMBLER' GAS will call this to generate a reloc.  GAS
1044    will pass the resulting reloc to `bfd_install_relocation'.  This
1045    currently works poorly, as `bfd_install_relocation' often does the
1046    wrong thing, and instances of `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to
1047    work around the problems, which in turns makes it difficult to fix
1048    `bfd_install_relocation'.  */
1049
1050 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1051    then it is done here.  */
1052
1053 arelent *
1054 tc_gen_reloc (seg, fixp)
1055      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1056      fixS *fixp;
1057 {
1058   arelent *reloc;
1059
1060   reloc = (arelent *) xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1061
1062   reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = (asymbol **) xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1063   *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1064
1065   reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1066   reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1067   if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1068     {
1069       as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1070                     _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1071                     (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
1072       return NULL;
1073     }
1074
1075   if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1076       || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1077     reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1078
1079   reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1080
1081   return reloc;
1082 }
1083
1084 void
1085 md_assemble (str)
1086      char *str;
1087 {
1088   struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
1089   char op[11];
1090
1091   str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op)));
1092
1093   if (!op[0])
1094     as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1095
1096   opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1097
1098   if (opcode == NULL)
1099     {
1100       as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1101       return;
1102     }
1103
1104   /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1105      version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry.  */
1106
1107   if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1108     ++opcode;
1109
1110   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1111     as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1112
1113   /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1114      but that is wrong.  Our caller assumes we don't change it.  */
1115   {
1116     char *t = input_line_pointer;
1117     avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1118     if (*skip_space (str))
1119       as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1120     input_line_pointer = t;
1121   }
1122 }
1123
1124 /* Parse ordinary expression.  */
1125
1126 static char *
1127 parse_exp (s, op)
1128      char *s;
1129      expressionS *op;
1130 {
1131   input_line_pointer = s;
1132   expression (op);
1133   if (op->X_op == O_absent)
1134     as_bad (_("missing operand"));
1135   return input_line_pointer;
1136 }
1137
1138 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
1139    xx8 (address)
1140    xx8 (-address)
1141    pm_xx8 (address)
1142    pm_xx8 (-address)
1143    where xx is: hh, hi, lo.  */
1144
1145 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
1146 avr_ldi_expression (exp)
1147      expressionS *exp;
1148 {
1149   char *str = input_line_pointer;
1150   char *tmp;
1151   char op[8];
1152   int mod;
1153   tmp = str;
1154
1155   str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
1156
1157   if (op[0])
1158     {
1159       mod = (int) hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
1160
1161       if (mod)
1162         {
1163           int closes = 0;
1164
1165           mod -= 10;
1166           str = skip_space (str);
1167
1168           if (*str == '(')
1169             {
1170               int neg_p = 0;
1171
1172               ++str;
1173
1174               if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
1175                   || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
1176                 {
1177                   if (HAVE_PM_P (mod))
1178                     {
1179                       ++mod;
1180                       ++closes;
1181                     }
1182                   else
1183                     as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
1184
1185                   if (*str == '-')
1186                     {
1187                       neg_p = 1;
1188                       ++closes;
1189                       str += 5;
1190                     }
1191                   else
1192                     str += 3;
1193                 }
1194
1195               if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
1196                 {
1197                   neg_p ^= 1;
1198                   ++closes;
1199                   str += 2;
1200                 }
1201
1202               input_line_pointer = str;
1203               expression (exp);
1204
1205               do
1206                 {
1207                   if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
1208                     {
1209                       as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1210                       break;
1211                     }
1212                   input_line_pointer++;
1213                 }
1214               while (closes--);
1215
1216               return neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
1217             }
1218         }
1219     }
1220
1221   input_line_pointer = tmp;
1222   expression (exp);
1223
1224   /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 ().  */
1225   if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
1226     {
1227       int x = exp->X_add_number;
1228       if (x < -255 || x > 255)
1229         as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
1230     }
1231   else
1232     as_warn (_("expression possibly out of 8-bit range"));
1233
1234   return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI;
1235 }
1236
1237 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1238    `avr_cons_fix_new'.  */
1239 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1240
1241 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1242    which is used for addressing to a program memory.
1243    Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM.  */
1244
1245 void
1246 avr_parse_cons_expression (exp, nbytes)
1247      expressionS *exp;
1248      int nbytes;
1249 {
1250   char *tmp;
1251
1252   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1253
1254   tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1255
1256   if (nbytes == 2)
1257     {
1258       char *pm_name = "pm";
1259       int len = strlen (pm_name);
1260
1261       if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name, len) == 0)
1262         {
1263           input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1264
1265           if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1266             {
1267               input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1268               exp_mod_pm = 1;
1269               expression (exp);
1270
1271               if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1272                 ++input_line_pointer;
1273               else
1274                 {
1275                   as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1276                   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1277                 }
1278
1279               return;
1280             }
1281
1282           input_line_pointer = tmp;
1283         }
1284     }
1285
1286   expression (exp);
1287 }
1288
1289 void
1290 avr_cons_fix_new (frag, where, nbytes, exp)
1291      fragS *frag;
1292      int where;
1293      int nbytes;
1294      expressionS *exp;
1295 {
1296   if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1297     {
1298       if (nbytes == 2)
1299         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
1300       else if (nbytes == 4)
1301         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_32);
1302       else
1303         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1304     }
1305   else
1306     {
1307       if (nbytes == 2)
1308         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1309       else
1310         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);
1311       exp_mod_pm = 0;
1312     }
1313 }