2005-02-17 Paul Brook <paul@codesourcery.com>
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / gas / config / tc-i386.h
1 /* tc-i386.h -- Header file for tc-i386.c
2 Copyright 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
3 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5
6 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
7
8 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
11 any later version.
12
13 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
17
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
20 Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
21 02111-1307, USA. */
22
23 #ifndef TC_I386
24 #define TC_I386 1
25
26 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
27 #error So, do you know what you are doing?
28 #endif
29
30 #ifdef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
31 struct fix;
32 #endif
33
34 #define TARGET_BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN 0
35
36 #define TARGET_ARCH bfd_arch_i386
37 #define TARGET_MACH (i386_mach ())
38 extern unsigned long i386_mach (void);
39
40 #ifdef TE_FreeBSD
41 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-freebsd"
42 #endif
43 #ifdef TE_NetBSD
44 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-netbsd"
45 #endif
46 #ifdef TE_386BSD
47 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-bsd"
48 #endif
49 #ifdef TE_LINUX
50 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-linux"
51 #endif
52 #ifdef TE_Mach
53 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-mach3"
54 #endif
55 #ifdef TE_DYNIX
56 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-dynix"
57 #endif
58 #ifndef AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
59 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386"
60 #endif
61
62 #ifdef TE_FreeBSD
63 #define ELF_TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-i386-freebsd"
64 #endif
65 #ifndef ELF_TARGET_FORMAT
66 #define ELF_TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-i386"
67 #endif
68
69 #if ((defined (OBJ_MAYBE_COFF) && defined (OBJ_MAYBE_AOUT)) \
70 || defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF))
71 extern const char *i386_target_format PARAMS ((void));
72 #define TARGET_FORMAT i386_target_format ()
73 #else
74 #ifdef OBJ_ELF
75 #define TARGET_FORMAT ELF_TARGET_FORMAT
76 #endif
77 #ifdef OBJ_AOUT
78 #define TARGET_FORMAT AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
79 #endif
80 #endif
81
82 #if (defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF) || defined (OBJ_ELF))
83 #define md_end i386_elf_emit_arch_note
84 extern void i386_elf_emit_arch_note PARAMS ((void));
85 #endif
86
87 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG, FRCHAIN) 0
88
89 #define LOCAL_LABELS_FB 1
90
91 extern const char extra_symbol_chars[];
92 #define tc_symbol_chars extra_symbol_chars
93
94 #define MAX_OPERANDS 3 /* max operands per insn */
95 #define MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS 2/* max immediates per insn (lcall, ljmp) */
96 #define MAX_MEMORY_OPERANDS 2 /* max memory refs per insn (string ops) */
97
98 /* Prefixes will be emitted in the order defined below.
99 WAIT_PREFIX must be the first prefix since FWAIT is really is an
100 instruction, and so must come before any prefixes. */
101 #define WAIT_PREFIX 0
102 #define LOCKREP_PREFIX 1
103 #define ADDR_PREFIX 2
104 #define DATA_PREFIX 3
105 #define SEG_PREFIX 4
106 #define REX_PREFIX 5 /* must come last. */
107 #define MAX_PREFIXES 6 /* max prefixes per opcode */
108
109 /* we define the syntax here (modulo base,index,scale syntax) */
110 #define REGISTER_PREFIX '%'
111 #define IMMEDIATE_PREFIX '$'
112 #define ABSOLUTE_PREFIX '*'
113
114 #define TWO_BYTE_OPCODE_ESCAPE 0x0f
115 #define NOP_OPCODE (char) 0x90
116
117 /* register numbers */
118 #define EBP_REG_NUM 5
119 #define ESP_REG_NUM 4
120
121 /* modrm_byte.regmem for twobyte escape */
122 #define ESCAPE_TO_TWO_BYTE_ADDRESSING ESP_REG_NUM
123 /* index_base_byte.index for no index register addressing */
124 #define NO_INDEX_REGISTER ESP_REG_NUM
125 /* index_base_byte.base for no base register addressing */
126 #define NO_BASE_REGISTER EBP_REG_NUM
127 #define NO_BASE_REGISTER_16 6
128
129 /* these are the instruction mnemonic suffixes. */
130 #define WORD_MNEM_SUFFIX 'w'
131 #define BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX 'b'
132 #define SHORT_MNEM_SUFFIX 's'
133 #define LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX 'l'
134 #define QWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX 'q'
135 /* Intel Syntax */
136 #define LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX 'x'
137
138 /* modrm.mode = REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG when a register is in there */
139 #define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG 0x3/* always = 0x3 */
140 #define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_MEM (~REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG)
141
142 #define END_OF_INSN '\0'
143
144 typedef struct
145 {
146 /* instruction name sans width suffix ("mov" for movl insns) */
147 char *name;
148
149 /* how many operands */
150 unsigned int operands;
151
152 /* base_opcode is the fundamental opcode byte without optional
153 prefix(es). */
154 unsigned int base_opcode;
155
156 /* extension_opcode is the 3 bit extension for group <n> insns.
157 This field is also used to store the 8-bit opcode suffix for the
158 AMD 3DNow! instructions.
159 If this template has no extension opcode (the usual case) use None */
160 unsigned int extension_opcode;
161 #define None 0xffff /* If no extension_opcode is possible. */
162
163 /* cpu feature flags */
164 unsigned int cpu_flags;
165 #define Cpu086 0x1 /* Any old cpu will do, 0 does the same */
166 #define Cpu186 0x2 /* i186 or better required */
167 #define Cpu286 0x4 /* i286 or better required */
168 #define Cpu386 0x8 /* i386 or better required */
169 #define Cpu486 0x10 /* i486 or better required */
170 #define Cpu586 0x20 /* i585 or better required */
171 #define Cpu686 0x40 /* i686 or better required */
172 #define CpuP4 0x80 /* Pentium4 or better required */
173 #define CpuK6 0x100 /* AMD K6 or better required*/
174 #define CpuAthlon 0x200 /* AMD Athlon or better required*/
175 #define CpuSledgehammer 0x400 /* Sledgehammer or better required */
176 #define CpuMMX 0x800 /* MMX support required */
177 #define CpuMMX2 0x1000 /* extended MMX support (with SSE or 3DNow!Ext) required */
178 #define CpuSSE 0x2000 /* Streaming SIMD extensions required */
179 #define CpuSSE2 0x4000 /* Streaming SIMD extensions 2 required */
180 #define Cpu3dnow 0x8000 /* 3dnow! support required */
181 #define Cpu3dnowA 0x10000 /* 3dnow!Extensions support required */
182 #define CpuPNI 0x20000 /* Prescott New Instructions required */
183 #define CpuPadLock 0x40000 /* VIA PadLock required */
184
185 /* These flags are set by gas depending on the flag_code. */
186 #define Cpu64 0x4000000 /* 64bit support required */
187 #define CpuNo64 0x8000000 /* Not supported in the 64bit mode */
188
189 /* The default value for unknown CPUs - enable all features to avoid problems. */
190 #define CpuUnknownFlags (Cpu086|Cpu186|Cpu286|Cpu386|Cpu486|Cpu586|Cpu686|CpuP4|CpuSledgehammer|CpuMMX|CpuMMX2|CpuSSE|CpuSSE2|CpuPNI|Cpu3dnow|Cpu3dnowA|CpuK6|CpuAthlon|CpuPadLock)
191
192 /* the bits in opcode_modifier are used to generate the final opcode from
193 the base_opcode. These bits also are used to detect alternate forms of
194 the same instruction */
195 unsigned int opcode_modifier;
196
197 /* opcode_modifier bits: */
198 #define W 0x1 /* set if operands can be words or dwords
199 encoded the canonical way */
200 #define D 0x2 /* D = 0 if Reg --> Regmem;
201 D = 1 if Regmem --> Reg: MUST BE 0x2 */
202 #define Modrm 0x4
203 #define FloatR 0x8 /* src/dest swap for floats: MUST BE 0x8 */
204 #define ShortForm 0x10 /* register is in low 3 bits of opcode */
205 #define FloatMF 0x20 /* FP insn memory format bit, sized by 0x4 */
206 #define Jump 0x40 /* special case for jump insns. */
207 #define JumpDword 0x80 /* call and jump */
208 #define JumpByte 0x100 /* loop and jecxz */
209 #define JumpInterSegment 0x200 /* special case for intersegment leaps/calls */
210 #define FloatD 0x400 /* direction for float insns: MUST BE 0x400 */
211 #define Seg2ShortForm 0x800 /* encoding of load segment reg insns */
212 #define Seg3ShortForm 0x1000 /* fs/gs segment register insns. */
213 #define Size16 0x2000 /* needs size prefix if in 32-bit mode */
214 #define Size32 0x4000 /* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
215 #define Size64 0x8000 /* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
216 #define IgnoreSize 0x10000 /* instruction ignores operand size prefix */
217 #define DefaultSize 0x20000 /* default insn size depends on mode */
218 #define No_bSuf 0x40000 /* b suffix on instruction illegal */
219 #define No_wSuf 0x80000 /* w suffix on instruction illegal */
220 #define No_lSuf 0x100000 /* l suffix on instruction illegal */
221 #define No_sSuf 0x200000 /* s suffix on instruction illegal */
222 #define No_qSuf 0x400000 /* q suffix on instruction illegal */
223 #define No_xSuf 0x800000 /* x suffix on instruction illegal */
224 #define FWait 0x1000000 /* instruction needs FWAIT */
225 #define IsString 0x2000000 /* quick test for string instructions */
226 #define regKludge 0x4000000 /* fake an extra reg operand for clr, imul */
227 #define IsPrefix 0x8000000 /* opcode is a prefix */
228 #define ImmExt 0x10000000 /* instruction has extension in 8 bit imm */
229 #define NoRex64 0x20000000 /* instruction don't need Rex64 prefix. */
230 #define Rex64 0x40000000 /* instruction require Rex64 prefix. */
231 #define Ugh 0x80000000 /* deprecated fp insn, gets a warning */
232
233 /* operand_types[i] describes the type of operand i. This is made
234 by OR'ing together all of the possible type masks. (e.g.
235 'operand_types[i] = Reg|Imm' specifies that operand i can be
236 either a register or an immediate operand. */
237 unsigned int operand_types[3];
238
239 /* operand_types[i] bits */
240 /* register */
241 #define Reg8 0x1 /* 8 bit reg */
242 #define Reg16 0x2 /* 16 bit reg */
243 #define Reg32 0x4 /* 32 bit reg */
244 #define Reg64 0x8 /* 64 bit reg */
245 /* immediate */
246 #define Imm8 0x10 /* 8 bit immediate */
247 #define Imm8S 0x20 /* 8 bit immediate sign extended */
248 #define Imm16 0x40 /* 16 bit immediate */
249 #define Imm32 0x80 /* 32 bit immediate */
250 #define Imm32S 0x100 /* 32 bit immediate sign extended */
251 #define Imm64 0x200 /* 64 bit immediate */
252 #define Imm1 0x400 /* 1 bit immediate */
253 /* memory */
254 #define BaseIndex 0x800
255 /* Disp8,16,32 are used in different ways, depending on the
256 instruction. For jumps, they specify the size of the PC relative
257 displacement, for baseindex type instructions, they specify the
258 size of the offset relative to the base register, and for memory
259 offset instructions such as `mov 1234,%al' they specify the size of
260 the offset relative to the segment base. */
261 #define Disp8 0x1000 /* 8 bit displacement */
262 #define Disp16 0x2000 /* 16 bit displacement */
263 #define Disp32 0x4000 /* 32 bit displacement */
264 #define Disp32S 0x8000 /* 32 bit signed displacement */
265 #define Disp64 0x10000 /* 64 bit displacement */
266 /* specials */
267 #define InOutPortReg 0x20000 /* register to hold in/out port addr = dx */
268 #define ShiftCount 0x40000 /* register to hold shift cound = cl */
269 #define Control 0x80000 /* Control register */
270 #define Debug 0x100000 /* Debug register */
271 #define Test 0x200000 /* Test register */
272 #define FloatReg 0x400000 /* Float register */
273 #define FloatAcc 0x800000 /* Float stack top %st(0) */
274 #define SReg2 0x1000000 /* 2 bit segment register */
275 #define SReg3 0x2000000 /* 3 bit segment register */
276 #define Acc 0x4000000 /* Accumulator %al or %ax or %eax */
277 #define JumpAbsolute 0x8000000
278 #define RegMMX 0x10000000 /* MMX register */
279 #define RegXMM 0x20000000 /* XMM registers in PIII */
280 #define EsSeg 0x40000000 /* String insn operand with fixed es segment */
281
282 /* InvMem is for instructions with a modrm byte that only allow a
283 general register encoding in the i.tm.mode and i.tm.regmem fields,
284 eg. control reg moves. They really ought to support a memory form,
285 but don't, so we add an InvMem flag to the register operand to
286 indicate that it should be encoded in the i.tm.regmem field. */
287 #define InvMem 0x80000000
288
289 #define Reg (Reg8|Reg16|Reg32|Reg64) /* gen'l register */
290 #define WordReg (Reg16|Reg32|Reg64)
291 #define ImplicitRegister (InOutPortReg|ShiftCount|Acc|FloatAcc)
292 #define Imm (Imm8|Imm8S|Imm16|Imm32S|Imm32|Imm64) /* gen'l immediate */
293 #define EncImm (Imm8|Imm16|Imm32|Imm32S) /* Encodable gen'l immediate */
294 #define Disp (Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|Disp64) /* General displacement */
295 #define AnyMem (Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|BaseIndex|InvMem) /* General memory */
296 /* The following aliases are defined because the opcode table
297 carefully specifies the allowed memory types for each instruction.
298 At the moment we can only tell a memory reference size by the
299 instruction suffix, so there's not much point in defining Mem8,
300 Mem16, Mem32 and Mem64 opcode modifiers - We might as well just use
301 the suffix directly to check memory operands. */
302 #define LLongMem AnyMem /* 64 bits (or more) */
303 #define LongMem AnyMem /* 32 bit memory ref */
304 #define ShortMem AnyMem /* 16 bit memory ref */
305 #define WordMem AnyMem /* 16 or 32 bit memory ref */
306 #define ByteMem AnyMem /* 8 bit memory ref */
307 }
308 template;
309
310 /*
311 'templates' is for grouping together 'template' structures for opcodes
312 of the same name. This is only used for storing the insns in the grand
313 ole hash table of insns.
314 The templates themselves start at START and range up to (but not including)
315 END.
316 */
317 typedef struct
318 {
319 const template *start;
320 const template *end;
321 }
322 templates;
323
324 /* these are for register name --> number & type hash lookup */
325 typedef struct
326 {
327 char *reg_name;
328 unsigned int reg_type;
329 unsigned int reg_flags;
330 #define RegRex 0x1 /* Extended register. */
331 #define RegRex64 0x2 /* Extended 8 bit register. */
332 unsigned int reg_num;
333 }
334 reg_entry;
335
336 typedef struct
337 {
338 char *seg_name;
339 unsigned int seg_prefix;
340 }
341 seg_entry;
342
343 /* 386 operand encoding bytes: see 386 book for details of this. */
344 typedef struct
345 {
346 unsigned int regmem; /* codes register or memory operand */
347 unsigned int reg; /* codes register operand (or extended opcode) */
348 unsigned int mode; /* how to interpret regmem & reg */
349 }
350 modrm_byte;
351
352 /* x86-64 extension prefix. */
353 typedef int rex_byte;
354 #define REX_OPCODE 0x40
355
356 /* Indicates 64 bit operand size. */
357 #define REX_MODE64 8
358 /* High extension to reg field of modrm byte. */
359 #define REX_EXTX 4
360 /* High extension to SIB index field. */
361 #define REX_EXTY 2
362 /* High extension to base field of modrm or SIB, or reg field of opcode. */
363 #define REX_EXTZ 1
364
365 /* 386 opcode byte to code indirect addressing. */
366 typedef struct
367 {
368 unsigned base;
369 unsigned index;
370 unsigned scale;
371 }
372 sib_byte;
373
374 /* x86 arch names and features */
375 typedef struct
376 {
377 const char *name; /* arch name */
378 unsigned int flags; /* cpu feature flags */
379 }
380 arch_entry;
381
382 /* The name of the global offset table generated by the compiler. Allow
383 this to be overridden if need be. */
384 #ifndef GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME
385 #define GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_"
386 #endif
387
388 #ifndef LEX_AT
389 #define TC_PARSE_CONS_EXPRESSION(EXP, NBYTES) x86_cons (EXP, NBYTES)
390 extern void x86_cons PARAMS ((expressionS *, int));
391
392 #define TC_CONS_FIX_NEW(FRAG,OFF,LEN,EXP) x86_cons_fix_new(FRAG, OFF, LEN, EXP)
393 extern void x86_cons_fix_new
394 PARAMS ((fragS *, unsigned int, unsigned int, expressionS *));
395 #endif
396
397 #ifdef TE_PE
398 #define TC_CONS_FIX_NEW(FRAG,OFF,LEN,EXP) x86_pe_cons_fix_new(FRAG, OFF, LEN, EXP)
399 extern void x86_pe_cons_fix_new
400 PARAMS ((fragS *, unsigned int, unsigned int, expressionS *));
401 #endif
402
403 #define DIFF_EXPR_OK /* foo-. gets turned into PC relative relocs */
404
405 #define NO_RELOC BFD_RELOC_NONE
406
407 void i386_validate_fix PARAMS ((struct fix *));
408 #define TC_VALIDATE_FIX(FIX,SEGTYPE,SKIP) i386_validate_fix(FIX)
409
410 #define tc_fix_adjustable(X) tc_i386_fix_adjustable(X)
411 extern int tc_i386_fix_adjustable PARAMS ((struct fix *));
412
413 /* Values passed to md_apply_fix3 don't include the symbol value. */
414 #define MD_APPLY_SYM_VALUE(FIX) 0
415
416 /* ELF wants external syms kept, as does PE COFF. */
417 #if defined (TE_PE) && defined (STRICT_PE_FORMAT)
418 #define EXTERN_FORCE_RELOC \
419 (OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_elf_flavour \
420 || OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_coff_flavour)
421 #else
422 #define EXTERN_FORCE_RELOC \
423 (OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
424 #endif
425
426 /* This expression evaluates to true if the relocation is for a local
427 object for which we still want to do the relocation at runtime.
428 False if we are willing to perform this relocation while building
429 the .o file. GOTOFF does not need to be checked here because it is
430 not pcrel. I am not sure if some of the others are ever used with
431 pcrel, but it is easier to be safe than sorry. */
432
433 #define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION_LOCAL(FIX) \
434 (!(FIX)->fx_pcrel \
435 || (FIX)->fx_plt \
436 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_PLT32 \
437 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_GOT32 \
438 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_GOTPC \
439 || TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (FIX))
440
441 #define md_operand(x)
442
443 extern const struct relax_type md_relax_table[];
444 #define TC_GENERIC_RELAX_TABLE md_relax_table
445
446 extern int optimize_align_code;
447
448 #define md_do_align(n, fill, len, max, around) \
449 if ((n) \
450 && !need_pass_2 \
451 && optimize_align_code \
452 && (!(fill) \
453 || ((char)*(fill) == (char)0x90 && (len) == 1)) \
454 && subseg_text_p (now_seg)) \
455 { \
456 frag_align_code ((n), (max)); \
457 goto around; \
458 }
459
460 #define MAX_MEM_FOR_RS_ALIGN_CODE 15
461
462 extern void i386_align_code PARAMS ((fragS *, int));
463
464 #define HANDLE_ALIGN(fragP) \
465 if (fragP->fr_type == rs_align_code) \
466 i386_align_code (fragP, (fragP->fr_next->fr_address \
467 - fragP->fr_address \
468 - fragP->fr_fix));
469
470 void i386_print_statistics PARAMS ((FILE *));
471 #define tc_print_statistics i386_print_statistics
472
473 #define md_number_to_chars number_to_chars_littleendian
474
475 #ifdef SCO_ELF
476 #define tc_init_after_args() sco_id ()
477 extern void sco_id PARAMS ((void));
478 #endif
479
480 /* We want .cfi_* pseudo-ops for generating unwind info. */
481 #define TARGET_USE_CFIPOP 1
482
483 extern unsigned int x86_dwarf2_return_column;
484 #define DWARF2_DEFAULT_RETURN_COLUMN x86_dwarf2_return_column
485
486 extern int x86_cie_data_alignment;
487 #define DWARF2_CIE_DATA_ALIGNMENT x86_cie_data_alignment
488
489 #define tc_regname_to_dw2regnum tc_x86_regname_to_dw2regnum
490 extern int tc_x86_regname_to_dw2regnum PARAMS ((const char *regname));
491
492 #define tc_cfi_frame_initial_instructions tc_x86_frame_initial_instructions
493 extern void tc_x86_frame_initial_instructions PARAMS ((void));
494
495 #define md_elf_section_type(str,len) i386_elf_section_type (str, len)
496 extern int i386_elf_section_type PARAMS ((const char *, size_t len));
497
498 #ifdef TE_PE
499
500 #define O_secrel O_md1
501
502 #define TC_DWARF2_EMIT_OFFSET tc_pe_dwarf2_emit_offset
503 void tc_pe_dwarf2_emit_offset (symbolS *, unsigned int);
504
505 #endif /* TE_PE */
506
507 #endif /* TC_I386 */
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