1 %This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
2 %Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 %Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
4 %this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices
5 %are preserved on all copies.
7 %TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source
8 %for a program to generate a reference.
10 %This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 %it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 %the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option)
15 %This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
16 %WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 %MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
18 %General Public License for more details.
20 %You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License in the GDB
21 %manual; or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
22 %59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
24 %You can contact the author as: pesch@cygnus.com
29 % Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
33 % Cygnus Support is an organization devoted to commercial
34 % support of free software. For general information
35 % contact ``info@cygnus.com''
37 % NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB
38 % commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose
39 % to omit. In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor
40 % all variations of a command.
41 % The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default
42 % keybindings. GDB startup options are not described.
43 % set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.
44 % printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily
45 % share omitted due to obsolescence
46 % set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.
49 % 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel
51 % Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.
52 % You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the
53 % horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*
54 % and the interline and interspec spacing.
55 % In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the
56 % latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.
57 % All other values will be computed at process time so it should be
58 % quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to
61 % To find the configuration places, just search for the string
64 % Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de)
71 %-------------------- Three column format -----------------------
73 %%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section
75 % Three-column format for landscape printing
77 %-------- Papersize defs:
79 \newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight
80 \newdimen\hmargin \newdimen\vmargin
81 \newdimen\secskip \newdimen\lskip
82 \newdimen\barwidth \newdimen\barheight
83 \newdimen\intersecwidth
86 %% START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
87 %------- Papersize params:
88 %% US letter paper (8.5x11in)
90 \totalwidth=
11in
% total width of paper
91 \totalheight=
8.5in
% total height of paper
92 \hmargin=
.25in
% horizontal margin width
93 \vmargin=
.25in
% vertical margin width
94 \secskip=
1pc
% space between refcard secs
95 \lskip=
2pt
% extra skip between \sec entries
96 %------- end papersize params
98 %% change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent
100 \barwidth=
.1pt
% width of the cropmark bar
101 \barheight=
2pt
% height of the cropmark bar
102 \intersecwidth=
0.5em
% width between \itmwid and \dfnwid
104 %% END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
108 %% values to be computed - nothing to configure
110 \newdimen\fullhsize % width of area without margins
111 \newdimen\itmwid % width of item column
112 \newdimen\dfnwid % width of definition column
113 \newdimen\temp % only for temporary use
116 %% adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*
118 \hoffset=-
1in
\advance \hoffset by
\hmargin
119 \voffset=-
1in
\advance \voffset by
\vmargin
122 %% fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)
124 \fullhsize=
\totalwidth
125 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \fullhsize by -
\temp
128 %% hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3
131 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
4 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
132 \temp=
\barwidth \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
136 %% vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)
139 \temp=
\vmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \vsize by -
\temp
142 %% itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3
143 %% dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3
145 \temp=
\hsize \advance \temp by -
\intersecwidth \divide \temp by
3
147 \dfnwid=
\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -
\itmwid
149 %-------- end papersize defs
152 \def\fulline{\hbox to
\fullhsize}
153 \let\lcr=L
\newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn
155 \global\setbox\leftcolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C
158 \global\setbox\centercolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R
159 \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L
162 % \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
166 %% START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES
168 %% For NO printed folding guide,
169 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
171 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
173 %% For SOLID LINE folding guide,
174 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
176 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
178 %% For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,
179 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
181 \def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil
182 \vbox to
\vsize{\hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}\vfill
183 \hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL
184 \hskip\hmargin plus1fil
}
187 %% END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES
190 \def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor
191 \box\centercolumn\vdecor
195 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
198 \if R
\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi
201 %-------------------- end three column format -----------------------
203 %-------------------- PostScript (K Berry names) font defs: --------------
204 \font\bbf=ptmb at
10pt
205 \font\vbbf=ptmb at
12pt
206 \font\smrm=ptmr at
6pt
207 \font\brm=ptmr at
10pt
209 \font\it=ptmri at
8pt
211 % Used only for copyright, replacing plain TeX macro.
212 \font\sym=psyr at
7pt
213 \def\copyright{{\sym\char'
323}}
214 %-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------
217 \hyphenpenalty=
5000\tolerance=
2000\raggedright\raggedbottom
218 \normalbaselineskip=
9pt
\baselineskip=
9pt
222 \footline=
{\vbox to0pt
{\hss}}
224 \def\ctl#1{{\tt C-
#1}}
225 \def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}
226 \def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}
228 \long\def\sec#1;
#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip
231 \vtop{\hsize=
\itmwid\tt
232 ##
\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil
234 &
\vtop{\hsize=
\dfnwid\hangafter=
1\hangindent=
\intersecwidth
235 \rm ##
\par\vskip \lskip}\cr
236 %Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:
237 \noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}
241 {\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE
}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version
4}
244 \hskip .33in
\epsfbox{cyglogo.eps
}
248 \sec Essential Commands;
249 gdb
{\it program
} \opt{{\it core
}}&debug
{\it program
} \opt{using
250 coredump
{\it core
}}\cr
251 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it function
}&set breakpoint at
{\it function
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
252 run
\opt{{\it arglist
}}&start your program
\opt{with
{\it arglist
}}\cr
253 bt& backtrace: display program stack
\cr
254 p
{\it expr
}&display the value of an expression
\cr
255 c &continue running your program
\cr
256 n &next line, stepping over function calls
\cr
257 s &next line, stepping into function calls
\cr
261 gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files
\cr
262 gdb
{\it program
}&begin debugging
{\it program
}\cr
263 gdb
{\it program core
}&debug coredump
{\it core
} produced by
{\it
265 gdb --help&describe command line options
\cr
269 quit&exit GDB; also
{\tt q
} or
{\tt EOF
} (eg
\ctl{d
})
\cr
270 INTERRUPT&(eg
\ctl{c
}) terminate current command, or send to running process
\cr
274 help&list classes of commands
\cr
275 help
{\it class
}&one-line descriptions for commands in
{\it class
}\cr
276 help
{\it command
}&describe
{\it command
}\cr
279 \sec Executing your Program;
280 run
{\it arglist
}&start your program with
{\it arglist
}\cr
281 run&start your program with current argument list
\cr
282 run $
\ldots$ <
{\it inf
} >
{\it outf
}&start your program with input, output
285 kill&kill running program
\cr
287 tty
{\it dev
}&use
{\it dev
} as stdin and stdout for next
{\tt run
}\cr
288 set args
{\it arglist
}&specify
{\it arglist
} for next
290 set args&specify empty argument list
\cr
291 show args&display argument list
\cr
293 show env&show all environment variables
\cr
294 show env
{\it var
}&show value of environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
295 set env
{\it var
} {\it string
}&set environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
296 unset env
{\it var
}&remove
{\it var
} from environment
\cr
300 cd
{\it dir
}&change working directory to
{\it dir
}\cr
301 pwd&Print working directory
\cr
302 make $
\ldots$&call ``
{\tt make
}''
\cr
303 shell
{\it cmd
}&execute arbitrary shell command string
\cr
308 \sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
309 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}\par
310 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&set breakpoint at
{\it line
} number
\opt{in
\it file
}\par
311 eg:
\quad{\tt break main.c:
37}\quad\cr
312 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it func
}&set breakpoint at
{\it
313 func
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
314 break +
{\it offset
}\par
315 break -
{\it offset
}&set break at
{\it offset
} lines from current stop
\cr
316 break *
{\it addr
}&set breakpoint at address
{\it addr
}\cr
317 break&set breakpoint at next instruction
\cr
318 break $
\ldots$ if
{\it expr
}&break conditionally on nonzero
{\it expr
}\cr
319 cond
{\it n
} \opt{\it expr
}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
320 {\it n
}; make unconditional if no
{\it expr
}\cr
321 tbreak $
\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached
\cr
322 rbreak
{\it regex
}&break on all functions matching
{\it regex
}\cr
323 watch
{\it expr
}&set a watchpoint for expression
{\it expr
}\cr
324 catch
{\it x
}&break at C++ handler for exception
{\it x
}\cr
326 info break&show defined breakpoints
\cr
327 info watch&show defined watchpoints
\cr
329 clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction
\cr
330 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it fun
}&delete breakpoints at entry to
{\it fun
}()
\cr
331 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&delete breakpoints on source line
\cr
332 delete
\opt{{\it n
}}&delete breakpoints
333 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}\cr
335 disable
\opt{{\it n
}}&disable breakpoints
336 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
338 enable
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
339 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
341 enable once
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
342 disable again when reached
344 enable del
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
348 ignore
{\it n
} {\it count
}&ignore breakpoint
{\it n
},
{\it count
}
352 \qquad \opt{\tt silent
}\par
353 \qquad {\it command-list
}&execute GDB
{\it command-list
} every time breakpoint
{\it n
} is reached.
\opt{{\tt silent
} suppresses default
355 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
359 backtrace
\opt{\it n
}\par
360 bt
\opt{\it n
}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of
{\it n
}
361 frames---innermost if
{\it n
}{\tt >
0}, outermost if
{\it n
}{\tt <
0}\cr
362 frame
\opt{\it n
}&select frame number
{\it n
} or frame at address
{\it
363 n
}; if no
{\it n
}, display current frame
\cr
364 up
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames up
\cr
365 down
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames down
\cr
366 info frame
\opt{\it addr
}&describe selected frame, or frame at
368 info args&arguments of selected frame
\cr
369 info locals&local variables of selected frame
\cr
370 info reg
\opt{\it rn
}\par
371 info all-reg
\opt{\it rn
}®ister values
\opt{for reg
{\it rn\/
}} in
372 selected frame;
{\tt all-reg
} includes floating point
\cr
373 info catch&exception handlers active in selected frame
\cr
377 \line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments.
\hfil $
\ldots$ show
378 one or more arguments
}
380 \centerline{\smrm \copyright 1991,
1992,
1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
\qquad Permissions on back
}
382 \sec Execution Control;
383 continue
\opt{\it count
}\par
384 c
\opt{\it count
}&continue running; if
{\it count
} specified, ignore
385 this breakpoint next
{\it count
} times
\cr
387 step
\opt{\it count
}\par
388 s
\opt{\it count
}&execute until another line reached; repeat
{\it count
} times if
390 stepi
\opt{\it count
}\par
391 si
\opt{\it count
}&step by machine instructions rather than source
394 next
\opt{\it count
}\par
395 n
\opt{\it count
}&execute next line, including any function calls
\cr
396 nexti
\opt{\it count
}\par
397 ni
\opt{\it count
}&next machine instruction rather than source
400 until
\opt{\it location
}&run until next instruction (or
{\it
402 finish&run until selected stack frame returns
\cr
403 return
\opt{\it expr
}&pop selected stack frame without executing
404 \opt{setting return value
}\cr
405 signal
{\it num
}&resume execution with signal
{\it s
} (none if
{\tt 0})
\cr
407 jump *
{\it address
}&resume execution at specified
{\it line
} number or
409 set var=
{\it expr
}&evaluate
{\it expr
} without displaying it; use for
410 altering program variables
\cr
414 print
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}\par
415 p
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
416 last value
\tt \$
} according to format
{\it f
}:
\cr
417 \qquad x&hexadecimal
\cr
418 \qquad d&signed decimal
\cr
419 \qquad u&unsigned decimal
\cr
422 \qquad a&address, absolute and relative
\cr
423 \qquad c&character
\cr
424 \qquad f&floating point
\cr
425 call
\opt{\tt /
{\it f
}\/
} {\it expr
}&like
{\tt print
} but does not display
427 x
\opt{\tt/
{\it Nuf
}\/
} {\it expr
}&examine memory at address
{\it expr
};
428 optional format spec follows slash
\cr
429 \quad {\it N
}&count of how many units to display
\cr
430 \quad {\it u
}&unit size; one of
\cr
431 &
{\tt\qquad b
}\ individual bytes
\cr
432 &
{\tt\qquad h
}\ halfwords (two bytes)
\cr
433 &
{\tt\qquad w
}\ words (four bytes)
\cr
434 &
{\tt\qquad g
}\ giant words (eight bytes)
\cr
435 \quad {\it f
}&printing format. Any
{\tt print
} format, or
\cr
436 &
{\tt\qquad s
}\ null-terminated string
\cr
437 &
{\tt\qquad i
}\ machine instructions
\cr
438 disassem
\opt{\it addr
}&display memory as machine instructions
\cr
441 \sec Automatic Display;
442 display
\opt{\tt/
\it f\/
} {\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} each time
443 program stops
\opt{according to format
{\it f
}\/
}\cr
444 display&display all enabled expressions on list
\cr
445 undisplay
{\it n
}&remove number(s)
{\it n
} from list of
446 automatically displayed expressions
\cr
447 disable disp
{\it n
}&disable display for expression(s) number
{\it
449 enable disp
{\it n
}&enable display for expression(s) number
{\it
451 info display&numbered list of display expressions
\cr
457 {\it expr
}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-
2 (including function calls), or:
\cr
458 {\it addr\/
}@
{\it len
}&an array of
{\it len
} elements beginning at
{\it
460 {\it file
}::
{\it nm
}&a variable or function
{\it nm
} defined in
{\it
462 $
\tt\
{$
{\it type
}$
\tt\
}$
{\it addr
}&read memory at
{\it addr
} as specified
464 \$&most recent displayed value
\cr
465 \$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value
\cr
466 \$\$&displayed value previous to \$
\cr
467 \$\$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value back from \$
\cr
468 \$
\_&last address examined with
{\tt x
}\cr
469 \$
\_\_&value at address \$
\_\cr
470 \$
{\it var
}&convenience variable; assign any value
\cr
472 show values
\opt{{\it n
}}&show last
10 values
\opt{or surrounding
474 show conv&display all convenience variables
\cr
478 info address
{\it s
}&show where symbol
{\it s
} is stored
\cr
479 info func
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of defined functions
480 (all, or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
481 info var
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of global variables (all,
482 or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
483 whatis
\opt{\it expr
}\par
484 ptype
\opt{\it expr
}&show data type of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
\tt \$
}
485 without evaluating;
{\tt ptype
} gives more detail
\cr
486 ptype
{\it type
}&describe type, struct, union, or enum
\cr
490 source
{\it script
}&read, execute GDB commands from file
{\it
494 \qquad {\it command-list
}&create new GDB command
{\it cmd
};
495 execute script defined by
{\it command-list
}\cr
496 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
497 document {\it cmd
}\par
498 \qquad {\it help-text
}&create online documentation
499 for new GDB command
{\it cmd
}\cr
500 end&end of
{\it help-text
}\cr
504 handle
{\it signal
} {\it act
}&specify GDB actions for
{\it signal
}:
\cr
505 \quad print&announce signal
\cr
506 \quad noprint&be silent for signal
\cr
507 \quad stop&halt execution on signal
\cr
508 \quad nostop&do not halt execution
\cr
509 \quad pass&allow your program to handle signal
\cr
510 \quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal
\cr
511 info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each
\cr
514 \sec Debugging Targets;
515 target
{\it type
} {\it param
}&connect to target machine, process, or file
\cr
516 help target&display available targets
\cr
517 attach
{\it param
}&connect to another process
\cr
518 detach&release target from GDB control
\cr
522 \sec Controlling GDB;
523 set
{\it param
} {\it value
}&set one of GDB's internal parameters
\cr
524 show
{\it param
}&display current setting of parameter
\cr
525 \xtra{\rm Parameters understood by
{\tt set
} and
{\tt show
}:
}
526 \quad complaint
{\it limit
}&number of messages on unusual symbols
\cr
527 \quad confirm
{\it on/off
}&enable or disable cautionary queries
\cr
528 \quad editing
{\it on/off
}&control
{\tt readline
} command-line editing
\cr
529 \quad height
{\it lpp
}&number of lines before pause in display
\cr
530 \quad language
{\it lang
}&Language for GDB expressions (
{\tt auto
},
{\tt c
} or
532 \quad listsize
{\it n
}&number of lines shown by
{\tt list
}\cr
533 \quad prompt
{\it str
}&use
{\it str
} as GDB prompt
\cr
534 \quad radix
{\it base
}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation
\cr
535 \quad verbose
{\it on/off
}&control messages when loading
537 \quad width
{\it cpl
}&number of characters before line folded
\cr
538 \quad write
{\it on/off
}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files
539 (when reopened with
{\tt exec
} or
{\tt core
})
541 \quad history $
\ldots$
\par
542 \quad h $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
543 \quad h exp
{\it off/on
}&disable/enable
{\tt readline
} history expansion
\cr
544 \quad h file
{\it filename
}&file for recording GDB command history
\cr
545 \quad h size
{\it size
}&number of commands kept in history list
\cr
546 \quad h save
{\it off/on
}&control use of external file for
549 \quad print $
\ldots$
\par
550 \quad p $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
551 \quad p address
{\it on/off
}&print memory addresses in stacks,
553 \quad p array
{\it off/on
}&compact or attractive format for
555 \quad p demangl
{\it on/off
}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++
557 \quad p asm-dem
{\it on/off
}&demangle C++ symbols in
558 machine-instruction output
\cr
559 \quad p elements
{\it limit
}&number of array elements to display
\cr
560 \quad p object
{\it on/off
}&print C++ derived types for objects
\cr
561 \quad p pretty
{\it off/on
}&struct display: compact or indented
\cr
562 \quad p union
{\it on/off
}&display of union members
\cr
563 \quad p vtbl
{\it off/on
}&display of C++ virtual function
566 show commands&show last
10 commands
\cr
567 show commands
{\it n
}&show
10 commands around number
{\it n
}\cr
568 show commands +&show next
10 commands
\cr
572 file
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} for both symbols and executable;
573 with no arg, discard both
\cr
574 core
\opt{\it file
}&read
{\it file
} as coredump; or discard
\cr
575 exec
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} as executable only; or discard
\cr
576 symbol
\opt{\it file
}&use symbol table from
{\it file
}; or discard
\cr
577 load
{\it file
}&dynamically link
{\it file\/
} and add its symbols
\cr
578 add-sym
{\it file
} {\it addr
}&read additional symbols from
{\it file
},
579 dynamically loaded at
{\it addr
}\cr
580 info files&display working files and targets in use
\cr
581 path
{\it dirs
}&add
{\it dirs
} to front of path searched for
582 executable and symbol files
\cr
583 show path&display executable and symbol file path
\cr
584 info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded
\cr
589 dir
{\it names
}&add directory
{\it names
} to front of source path
\cr
590 dir&clear source path
\cr
591 show dir&show current source path
\cr
593 list&show next ten lines of source
\cr
594 list -&show previous ten lines
\cr
595 list
{\it lines
}&display source surrounding
{\it lines
},
597 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it num
}&line number
\opt{in named file
}\cr
598 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it function
}&beginning of function
\opt{in
600 \quad{\tt +
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines after last printed
\cr
601 \quad{\tt -
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines previous to last printed
\cr
602 \quad{\tt*
\it address
}&line containing
{\it address
}\cr
603 list
{\it f
},
{\it l
}&from line
{\it f
} to line
{\it l
}\cr
604 info line
{\it num
}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for
605 source line
{\it num
}\cr
606 info source&show name of current source file
\cr
607 info sources&list all source files in use
\cr
608 forw
{\it regex
}&search following source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
609 rev
{\it regex
}&search preceding source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
612 \sec GDB under GNU Emacs;
613 M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs
\cr
614 \ctl{h
} m&describe GDB mode
\cr
615 M-s&step one line (
{\tt step
})
\cr
616 M-n&next line (
{\tt next
})
\cr
617 M-i&step one instruction (
{\tt stepi
})
\cr
618 \ctl{c
} \ctl{f
}&finish current stack frame (
{\tt finish
})
\cr
619 M-c&continue (
{\tt cont
})
\cr
620 M-u&up
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt up
})
\cr
621 M-d&down
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt down
})
\cr
622 \ctl{x
} \&© number from point, insert at end
\cr
623 \ctl{x
} SPC&(in source file) set break at point
\cr
627 show copying&Display GNU General Public License
\cr
628 show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB. Display full no-warranty
635 \centerline{Copyright
\copyright 1991,
1992,
1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
}
636 \centerline{Roland Pesch (pesch@cygnus.com)
}
637 \centerline{The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card.
}
639 This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU
640 General Public License.
642 \centerline{Please contribute to development of this card by
645 GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of
646 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. There is
647 absolutely no warranty for GDB.