1 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
3 %This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
4 %Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 %Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
6 %this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices
7 %are preserved on all copies.
9 %TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source
10 %for a program to generate a reference.
12 %This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
13 %it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14 %the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
17 %This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
18 %WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 %MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
20 %General Public License for more details.
22 %You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL
23 %http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software
24 %Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
26 %You can contact the maintainer at: doc@cygnus.com
28 % Documentation Department
30 % 1325 Chesapeake Terrace
31 % Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA
37 % 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel
39 % Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.
40 % You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the
41 % horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*
42 % and the interline and interspec spacing.
43 % In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the
44 % latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.
45 % All other values will be computed at process time so it should be
46 % quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to
49 % To find the configuration places, just search for the string
52 % Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de)
56 % Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print
57 % out in a larger font. Caution! You may need larger paper. You had
58 % best avoid using 3-column output if you try this. See the ``Three
59 % column format'' section below if you want to print in three column
62 %\magnification=\magstep 1
64 % NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB
65 % commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose
66 % to omit. In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor
67 % all variations of a command.
68 % The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default
69 % keybindings. GDB startup options are not described.
70 % set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.
71 % printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily
72 % share omitted due to obsolescence
73 % set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.
75 %-------------------- Three column format -----------------------
77 %%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section
79 % Three-column format for landscape printing
81 %-------- Papersize defs:
83 \newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight
84 \newdimen\hmargin \newdimen\vmargin
85 \newdimen\secskip \newdimen\lskip
86 \newdimen\barwidth \newdimen\barheight
87 \newdimen\intersecwidth
90 %% START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
91 %------- Papersize params:
92 %% US letter paper (8.5x11in)
94 \totalwidth=
11in
% total width of paper
95 \totalheight=
8.5in
% total height of paper
96 \hmargin=
.25in
% horizontal margin width
97 \vmargin=
.25in
% vertical margin width
98 \secskip=
1pc
% space between refcard secs
99 \lskip=
2pt
% extra skip between \sec entries
100 %------- end papersize params
102 %% change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent
104 \barwidth=
.1pt
% width of the cropmark bar
105 \barheight=
2pt
% height of the cropmark bar
106 \intersecwidth=
0.5em
% width between \itmwid and \dfnwid
108 %% END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
112 %% values to be computed - nothing to configure
114 \newdimen\fullhsize % width of area without margins
115 \newdimen\itmwid % width of item column
116 \newdimen\dfnwid % width of definition column
117 \newdimen\temp % only for temporary use
120 %% adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*
122 \hoffset=-
1in
\advance \hoffset by
\hmargin
123 \voffset=-
1in
\advance \voffset by
\vmargin
126 %% fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)
128 \fullhsize=
\totalwidth
129 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \fullhsize by -
\temp
132 %% hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3
135 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
4 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
136 \temp=
\barwidth \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
140 %% vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)
143 \temp=
\vmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \vsize by -
\temp
146 %% itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3
147 %% dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3
149 \temp=
\hsize \advance \temp by -
\intersecwidth \divide \temp by
3
151 \dfnwid=
\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -
\itmwid
153 %-------- end papersize defs
156 \def\fulline{\hbox to
\fullhsize}
157 \let\lcr=L
\newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn
159 \global\setbox\leftcolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C
162 \global\setbox\centercolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R
163 \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L
166 % \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
170 %% START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES
172 %% For NO printed folding guide,
173 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
175 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
177 %% For SOLID LINE folding guide,
178 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
180 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
182 %% For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,
183 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
185 \def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil
186 \vbox to
\vsize{\hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}\vfill
187 \hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL
188 \hskip\hmargin plus1fil
}
191 %% END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES
194 \def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor
195 \box\centercolumn\vdecor
199 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
202 \if R
\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi
205 %-------------------- end three column format -----------------------
207 %-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: --------------------
215 %-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------
218 \hyphenpenalty=
5000\tolerance=
2000\raggedright\raggedbottom
219 \normalbaselineskip=
9pt
\baselineskip=
9pt
223 \footline=
{\vbox to0pt
{\hss}}
225 \def\ctl#1{{\tt C-
#1}}
226 \def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}
227 \def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}
229 \long\def\sec#1;
#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip
232 \vtop{\hsize=
\itmwid\tt
233 ##
\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil
235 &
\vtop{\hsize=
\dfnwid\hangafter=
1\hangindent=
\intersecwidth
236 \rm ##
\par\vskip \lskip}\cr
237 %Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:
238 \noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}
243 {\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE
}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version
4}\qquad
245 \sec Essential Commands;
246 gdb
{\it program
} \opt{{\it core
}}&debug
{\it program
} \opt{using
247 coredump
{\it core
}}\cr
248 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it function
}&set breakpoint at
{\it function
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
249 run
\opt{{\it arglist
}}&start your program
\opt{with
{\it arglist
}}\cr
250 bt& backtrace: display program stack
\cr
251 p
{\it expr
}&display the value of an expression
\cr
252 c &continue running your program
\cr
253 n &next line, stepping over function calls
\cr
254 s &next line, stepping into function calls
\cr
258 gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files
\cr
259 gdb
{\it program
}&begin debugging
{\it program
}\cr
260 gdb
{\it program core
}&debug coredump
{\it core
} produced by
{\it
262 gdb --help&describe command line options
\cr
266 quit&exit GDB; also
{\tt q
} or
{\tt EOF
} (eg
\ctl{d
})
\cr
267 INTERRUPT&(eg
\ctl{c
}) terminate current command, or send to running process
\cr
271 help&list classes of commands
\cr
272 help
{\it class
}&one-line descriptions for commands in
{\it class
}\cr
273 help
{\it command
}&describe
{\it command
}\cr
276 \sec Executing your Program;
277 run
{\it arglist
}&start your program with
{\it arglist
}\cr
278 run&start your program with current argument list
\cr
279 run $
\ldots$ <
{\it inf
} >
{\it outf
}&start your program with input, output
282 kill&kill running program
\cr
284 tty
{\it dev
}&use
{\it dev
} as stdin and stdout for next
{\tt run
}\cr
285 set args
{\it arglist
}&specify
{\it arglist
} for next
287 set args&specify empty argument list
\cr
288 show args&display argument list
\cr
290 show env&show all environment variables
\cr
291 show env
{\it var
}&show value of environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
292 set env
{\it var
} {\it string
}&set environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
293 unset env
{\it var
}&remove
{\it var
} from environment
\cr
297 cd
{\it dir
}&change working directory to
{\it dir
}\cr
298 pwd&Print working directory
\cr
299 make $
\ldots$&call ``
{\tt make
}''
\cr
300 shell
{\it cmd
}&execute arbitrary shell command string
\cr
304 \line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments
\hfill $
\ldots$ show
305 one or more arguments
}
307 \centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
\qquad Permissions on back
}
309 \sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
310 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}\par
311 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&set breakpoint at
{\it line
} number
\opt{in
\it file
}\par
312 eg:
\quad{\tt break main.c:
37}\quad\cr
313 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it func
}&set breakpoint at
{\it
314 func
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
315 break +
{\it offset
}\par
316 break -
{\it offset
}&set break at
{\it offset
} lines from current stop
\cr
317 break *
{\it addr
}&set breakpoint at address
{\it addr
}\cr
318 break&set breakpoint at next instruction
\cr
319 break $
\ldots$ if
{\it expr
}&break conditionally on nonzero
{\it expr
}\cr
320 cond
{\it n
} \opt{\it expr
}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
321 {\it n
}; make unconditional if no
{\it expr
}\cr
322 tbreak $
\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached
\cr
323 rbreak
{\it regex
}&break on all functions matching
{\it regex
}\cr
324 watch
{\it expr
}&set a watchpoint for expression
{\it expr
}\cr
325 catch
{\it event
}&break at
{\it event
}, which may be
{\tt catch
},
{\tt throw
},
326 {\tt exec
},
{\tt fork
},
{\tt vfork
},
{\tt load
}, or
{\tt unload
}.
\cr
328 info break&show defined breakpoints
\cr
329 info watch&show defined watchpoints
\cr
331 clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction
\cr
332 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it fun
}&delete breakpoints at entry to
{\it fun
}()
\cr
333 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&delete breakpoints on source line
\cr
334 delete
\opt{{\it n
}}&delete breakpoints
335 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}\cr
337 disable
\opt{{\it n
}}&disable breakpoints
338 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
340 enable
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
341 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
343 enable once
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
344 disable again when reached
346 enable del
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
350 ignore
{\it n
} {\it count
}&ignore breakpoint
{\it n
},
{\it count
}
354 \qquad \opt{\tt silent
}\par
355 \qquad {\it command-list
}&execute GDB
{\it command-list
} every time breakpoint
{\it n
} is reached.
\opt{{\tt silent
} suppresses default
357 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
361 backtrace
\opt{\it n
}\par
362 bt
\opt{\it n
}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of
{\it n
}
363 frames---innermost if
{\it n
}{\tt >
0}, outermost if
{\it n
}{\tt <
0}\cr
364 frame
\opt{\it n
}&select frame number
{\it n
} or frame at address
{\it
365 n
}; if no
{\it n
}, display current frame
\cr
366 up
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames up
\cr
367 down
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames down
\cr
368 info frame
\opt{\it addr
}&describe selected frame, or frame at
370 info args&arguments of selected frame
\cr
371 info locals&local variables of selected frame
\cr
372 info reg
\opt{\it rn
}$
\ldots$
\par
373 info all-reg
\opt{\it rn
}®ister values
\opt{for regs
{\it rn\/
}} in
374 selected frame;
{\tt all-reg
} includes floating point
\cr
378 \sec Execution Control;
379 continue
\opt{\it count
}\par
380 c
\opt{\it count
}&continue running; if
{\it count
} specified, ignore
381 this breakpoint next
{\it count
} times
\cr
383 step
\opt{\it count
}\par
384 s
\opt{\it count
}&execute until another line reached; repeat
{\it count
} times if
386 stepi
\opt{\it count
}\par
387 si
\opt{\it count
}&step by machine instructions rather than source
390 next
\opt{\it count
}\par
391 n
\opt{\it count
}&execute next line, including any function calls
\cr
392 nexti
\opt{\it count
}\par
393 ni
\opt{\it count
}&next machine instruction rather than source
396 until
\opt{\it location
}&run until next instruction (or
{\it
398 finish&run until selected stack frame returns
\cr
399 return
\opt{\it expr
}&pop selected stack frame without executing
400 \opt{setting return value
}\cr
401 signal
{\it num
}&resume execution with signal
{\it s
} (none if
{\tt 0})
\cr
403 jump *
{\it address
}&resume execution at specified
{\it line
} number or
405 set var=
{\it expr
}&evaluate
{\it expr
} without displaying it; use for
406 altering program variables
\cr
410 print
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}\par
411 p
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
412 last value
\tt \$
} according to format
{\it f
}:
\cr
413 \qquad x&hexadecimal
\cr
414 \qquad d&signed decimal
\cr
415 \qquad u&unsigned decimal
\cr
418 \qquad a&address, absolute and relative
\cr
419 \qquad c&character
\cr
420 \qquad f&floating point
\cr
421 call
\opt{\tt /
{\it f
}\/
} {\it expr
}&like
{\tt print
} but does not display
423 x
\opt{\tt/
{\it Nuf
}\/
} {\it expr
}&examine memory at address
{\it expr
};
424 optional format spec follows slash
\cr
425 \quad {\it N
}&count of how many units to display
\cr
426 \quad {\it u
}&unit size; one of
\cr
427 &
{\tt\qquad b
}\ individual bytes
\cr
428 &
{\tt\qquad h
}\ halfwords (two bytes)
\cr
429 &
{\tt\qquad w
}\ words (four bytes)
\cr
430 &
{\tt\qquad g
}\ giant words (eight bytes)
\cr
431 \quad {\it f
}&printing format. Any
{\tt print
} format, or
\cr
432 &
{\tt\qquad s
}\ null-terminated string
\cr
433 &
{\tt\qquad i
}\ machine instructions
\cr
434 disassem
\opt{\it addr
}&display memory as machine instructions
\cr
437 \sec Automatic Display;
438 display
\opt{\tt/
\it f\/
} {\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} each time
439 program stops
\opt{according to format
{\it f
}\/
}\cr
440 display&display all enabled expressions on list
\cr
441 undisplay
{\it n
}&remove number(s)
{\it n
} from list of
442 automatically displayed expressions
\cr
443 disable disp
{\it n
}&disable display for expression(s) number
{\it
445 enable disp
{\it n
}&enable display for expression(s) number
{\it
447 info display&numbered list of display expressions
\cr
453 {\it expr
}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-
2 (including function calls), or:
\cr
454 {\it addr\/
}@
{\it len
}&an array of
{\it len
} elements beginning at
{\it
456 {\it file
}::
{\it nm
}&a variable or function
{\it nm
} defined in
{\it
458 $
\tt\
{$
{\it type
}$
\tt\
}$
{\it addr
}&read memory at
{\it addr
} as specified
460 \$&most recent displayed value
\cr
461 \$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value
\cr
462 \$\$&displayed value previous to \$
\cr
463 \$\$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value back from \$
\cr
464 \$
\_&last address examined with
{\tt x
}\cr
465 \$
\_\_&value at address \$
\_\cr
466 \$
{\it var
}&convenience variable; assign any value
\cr
468 show values
\opt{{\it n
}}&show last
10 values
\opt{or surrounding
470 show conv&display all convenience variables
\cr
474 info address
{\it s
}&show where symbol
{\it s
} is stored
\cr
475 info func
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of defined functions
476 (all, or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
477 info var
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of global variables (all,
478 or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
479 whatis
\opt{\it expr
}\par
480 ptype
\opt{\it expr
}&show data type of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
\tt \$
}
481 without evaluating;
{\tt ptype
} gives more detail
\cr
482 ptype
{\it type
}&describe type, struct, union, or enum
\cr
486 source
{\it script
}&read, execute GDB commands from file
{\it
490 \qquad {\it command-list
}&create new GDB command
{\it cmd
};
491 execute script defined by
{\it command-list
}\cr
492 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
493 document {\it cmd
}\par
494 \qquad {\it help-text
}&create online documentation
495 for new GDB command
{\it cmd
}\cr
496 end&end of
{\it help-text
}\cr
500 handle
{\it signal
} {\it act
}&specify GDB actions for
{\it signal
}:
\cr
501 \quad print&announce signal
\cr
502 \quad noprint&be silent for signal
\cr
503 \quad stop&halt execution on signal
\cr
504 \quad nostop&do not halt execution
\cr
505 \quad pass&allow your program to handle signal
\cr
506 \quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal
\cr
507 info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each
\cr
510 \sec Debugging Targets;
511 target
{\it type
} {\it param
}&connect to target machine, process, or file
\cr
512 help target&display available targets
\cr
513 attach
{\it param
}&connect to another process
\cr
514 detach&release target from GDB control
\cr
518 \sec Controlling GDB;
519 set
{\it param
} {\it value
}&set one of GDB's internal parameters
\cr
520 show
{\it param
}&display current setting of parameter
\cr
521 \xtra{\rm Parameters understood by
{\tt set
} and
{\tt show
}:
}
522 \quad complaint
{\it limit
}&number of messages on unusual symbols
\cr
523 \quad confirm
{\it on/off
}&enable or disable cautionary queries
\cr
524 \quad editing
{\it on/off
}&control
{\tt readline
} command-line editing
\cr
525 \quad height
{\it lpp
}&number of lines before pause in display
\cr
526 \quad language
{\it lang
}&Language for GDB expressions (
{\tt auto
},
{\tt c
} or
528 \quad listsize
{\it n
}&number of lines shown by
{\tt list
}\cr
529 \quad prompt
{\it str
}&use
{\it str
} as GDB prompt
\cr
530 \quad radix
{\it base
}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation
\cr
531 \quad verbose
{\it on/off
}&control messages when loading
533 \quad width
{\it cpl
}&number of characters before line folded
\cr
534 \quad write
{\it on/off
}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files
535 (when reopened with
{\tt exec
} or
{\tt core
})
537 \quad history $
\ldots$
\par
538 \quad h $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
539 \quad h exp
{\it off/on
}&disable/enable
{\tt readline
} history expansion
\cr
540 \quad h file
{\it filename
}&file for recording GDB command history
\cr
541 \quad h size
{\it size
}&number of commands kept in history list
\cr
542 \quad h save
{\it off/on
}&control use of external file for
545 \quad print $
\ldots$
\par
546 \quad p $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
547 \quad p address
{\it on/off
}&print memory addresses in stacks,
549 \quad p array
{\it off/on
}&compact or attractive format for
551 \quad p demangl
{\it on/off
}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++
553 \quad p asm-dem
{\it on/off
}&demangle C++ symbols in
554 machine-instruction output
\cr
555 \quad p elements
{\it limit
}&number of array elements to display
\cr
556 \quad p object
{\it on/off
}&print C++ derived types for objects
\cr
557 \quad p pretty
{\it off/on
}&struct display: compact or indented
\cr
558 \quad p union
{\it on/off
}&display of union members
\cr
559 \quad p vtbl
{\it off/on
}&display of C++ virtual function
562 show commands&show last
10 commands
\cr
563 show commands
{\it n
}&show
10 commands around number
{\it n
}\cr
564 show commands +&show next
10 commands
\cr
568 file
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} for both symbols and executable;
569 with no arg, discard both
\cr
570 core
\opt{\it file
}&read
{\it file
} as coredump; or discard
\cr
571 exec
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} as executable only; or discard
\cr
572 symbol
\opt{\it file
}&use symbol table from
{\it file
}; or discard
\cr
573 load
{\it file
}&dynamically link
{\it file\/
} and add its symbols
\cr
574 add-sym
{\it file
} {\it addr
}&read additional symbols from
{\it file
},
575 dynamically loaded at
{\it addr
}\cr
576 info files&display working files and targets in use
\cr
577 path
{\it dirs
}&add
{\it dirs
} to front of path searched for
578 executable and symbol files
\cr
579 show path&display executable and symbol file path
\cr
580 info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded
\cr
585 dir
{\it names
}&add directory
{\it names
} to front of source path
\cr
586 dir&clear source path
\cr
587 show dir&show current source path
\cr
589 list&show next ten lines of source
\cr
590 list -&show previous ten lines
\cr
591 list
{\it lines
}&display source surrounding
{\it lines
},
593 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it num
}&line number
\opt{in named file
}\cr
594 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it function
}&beginning of function
\opt{in
596 \quad{\tt +
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines after last printed
\cr
597 \quad{\tt -
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines previous to last printed
\cr
598 \quad{\tt*
\it address
}&line containing
{\it address
}\cr
599 list
{\it f
},
{\it l
}&from line
{\it f
} to line
{\it l
}\cr
600 info line
{\it num
}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for
601 source line
{\it num
}\cr
602 info source&show name of current source file
\cr
603 info sources&list all source files in use
\cr
604 forw
{\it regex
}&search following source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
605 rev
{\it regex
}&search preceding source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
608 \sec GDB under GNU Emacs;
609 M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs
\cr
610 \ctl{h
} m&describe GDB mode
\cr
611 M-s&step one line (
{\tt step
})
\cr
612 M-n&next line (
{\tt next
})
\cr
613 M-i&step one instruction (
{\tt stepi
})
\cr
614 \ctl{c
} \ctl{f
}&finish current stack frame (
{\tt finish
})
\cr
615 M-c&continue (
{\tt cont
})
\cr
616 M-u&up
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt up
})
\cr
617 M-d&down
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt down
})
\cr
618 \ctl{x
} \&© number from point, insert at end
\cr
619 \ctl{x
} SPC&(in source file) set break at point
\cr
623 show copying&Display GNU General Public License
\cr
624 show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB. Display full no-warranty
631 Copyright
\copyright 1991, '
92, '
93, '
98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
632 Author: Roland H. Pesch
634 The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card.
636 This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU
637 General Public License.
639 Please contribute to development of this card by
640 annotating it. Improvements can be sent to bug-gdb@gnu.org.
642 GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of
643 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. There is
644 absolutely no warranty for GDB.