* values.c, value.h (modify_field), callers: Make fieldval a LONGEST.
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / gdb / elfread.c
1 /* Read ELF (Executable and Linking Format) object files for GDB.
2 Copyright 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Fred Fish at Cygnus Support.
4
5 This file is part of GDB.
6
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
20
21 /************************************************************************
22 * *
23 * NOTICE *
24 * *
25 * This file is still under construction. When it is complete, this *
26 * notice will be removed. Until then, direct any questions or changes *
27 * to Fred Fish at Cygnus Support (fnf@cygnus.com) *
28 * *
29 * FIXME Still needs support for shared libraries. *
30 * FIXME Still needs support for core files. *
31 * FIXME The ".debug" and ".line" section names are hardwired. *
32 * *
33 ************************************************************************/
34
35 #include "defs.h"
36 #include "bfd.h"
37 #include "libbfd.h" /* For bfd_elf_find_section */
38 #include "libelf.h"
39 #include "symtab.h"
40 #include "symfile.h"
41 #include "objfiles.h"
42 #include "buildsym.h"
43 #include "gdb-stabs.h"
44 #include "complaints.h"
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include "demangle.h"
47
48 /* The struct elfinfo is available only during ELF symbol table and
49 psymtab reading. It is destroyed at the complation of psymtab-reading.
50 It's local to elf_symfile_read. */
51
52 struct elfinfo {
53 file_ptr dboffset; /* Offset to dwarf debug section */
54 unsigned int dbsize; /* Size of dwarf debug section */
55 file_ptr lnoffset; /* Offset to dwarf line number section */
56 unsigned int lnsize; /* Size of dwarf line number section */
57 asection *stabsect; /* Section pointer for .stab section */
58 asection *stabindexsect; /* Section pointer for .stab.index section */
59 };
60
61 /* Various things we might complain about... */
62
63 struct complaint section_info_complaint =
64 {"elf/stab section information %s without a preceding file symbol", 0, 0};
65
66 struct complaint section_info_dup_complaint =
67 {"duplicated elf/stab section information for %s", 0, 0};
68
69 struct complaint stab_info_mismatch_complaint =
70 {"elf/stab section information missing for %s", 0, 0};
71
72 struct complaint stab_info_questionable_complaint =
73 {"elf/stab section information questionable for %s", 0, 0};
74
75 static void
76 elf_symfile_init PARAMS ((struct objfile *));
77
78 static void
79 elf_new_init PARAMS ((struct objfile *));
80
81 static void
82 elf_symfile_read PARAMS ((struct objfile *, struct section_offsets *, int));
83
84 static void
85 elf_symfile_finish PARAMS ((struct objfile *));
86
87 static void
88 elf_symtab_read PARAMS ((bfd *, CORE_ADDR, struct objfile *));
89
90 static void
91 free_elfinfo PARAMS ((PTR));
92
93 static struct section_offsets *
94 elf_symfile_offsets PARAMS ((struct objfile *, CORE_ADDR));
95
96 static void
97 record_minimal_symbol_and_info PARAMS ((char *, CORE_ADDR,
98 enum minimal_symbol_type, char *,
99 struct objfile *));
100
101 static void
102 elf_locate_sections PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR));
103
104 /* We are called once per section from elf_symfile_read. We
105 need to examine each section we are passed, check to see
106 if it is something we are interested in processing, and
107 if so, stash away some access information for the section.
108
109 For now we recognize the dwarf debug information sections and
110 line number sections from matching their section names. The
111 ELF definition is no real help here since it has no direct
112 knowledge of DWARF (by design, so any debugging format can be
113 used).
114
115 We also recognize the ".stab" sections used by the Sun compilers
116 released with Solaris 2.
117
118 FIXME: The section names should not be hardwired strings. */
119
120 static void
121 elf_locate_sections (ignore_abfd, sectp, eip)
122 bfd *ignore_abfd;
123 asection *sectp;
124 PTR eip;
125 {
126 register struct elfinfo *ei;
127
128 ei = (struct elfinfo *) eip;
129 if (STREQ (sectp -> name, ".debug"))
130 {
131 ei -> dboffset = sectp -> filepos;
132 ei -> dbsize = bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc (sectp);
133 }
134 else if (STREQ (sectp -> name, ".line"))
135 {
136 ei -> lnoffset = sectp -> filepos;
137 ei -> lnsize = bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc (sectp);
138 }
139 else if (STREQ (sectp -> name, ".stab"))
140 {
141 ei -> stabsect = sectp;
142 }
143 else if (STREQ (sectp -> name, ".stab.index"))
144 {
145 ei -> stabindexsect = sectp;
146 }
147 }
148
149 #if 0 /* Currently unused */
150
151 char *
152 elf_interpreter (abfd)
153 bfd *abfd;
154 {
155 sec_ptr interp_sec;
156 unsigned size;
157 char *interp = NULL;
158
159 interp_sec = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, ".interp");
160 if (interp_sec)
161 {
162 size = bfd_section_size (abfd, interp_sec);
163 interp = alloca (size);
164 if (bfd_get_section_contents (abfd, interp_sec, interp, (file_ptr)0,
165 size))
166 {
167 interp = savestring (interp, size - 1);
168 }
169 else
170 {
171 interp = NULL;
172 }
173 }
174 return (interp);
175 }
176
177 #endif
178
179 static void
180 record_minimal_symbol_and_info (name, address, ms_type, info, objfile)
181 char *name;
182 CORE_ADDR address;
183 enum minimal_symbol_type ms_type;
184 char *info; /* FIXME, is this really char *? */
185 struct objfile *objfile;
186 {
187 name = obsavestring (name, strlen (name), &objfile -> symbol_obstack);
188 prim_record_minimal_symbol_and_info (name, address, ms_type, info, -1);
189 }
190
191 /*
192
193 LOCAL FUNCTION
194
195 elf_symtab_read -- read the symbol table of an ELF file
196
197 SYNOPSIS
198
199 void elf_symtab_read (bfd *abfd, CORE_ADDR addr,
200 struct objfile *objfile)
201
202 DESCRIPTION
203
204 Given an open bfd, a base address to relocate symbols to, and a
205 flag that specifies whether or not this bfd is for an executable
206 or not (may be shared library for example), add all the global
207 function and data symbols to the minimal symbol table.
208
209 In stabs-in-ELF, as implemented by Sun, there are some local symbols
210 defined in the ELF symbol table, which can be used to locate
211 the beginnings of sections from each ".o" file that was linked to
212 form the executable objfile. We gather any such info and record it
213 in data structures hung off the objfile's private data.
214
215 */
216
217 static void
218 elf_symtab_read (abfd, addr, objfile)
219 bfd *abfd;
220 CORE_ADDR addr;
221 struct objfile *objfile;
222 {
223 unsigned int storage_needed;
224 asymbol *sym;
225 asymbol **symbol_table;
226 unsigned int number_of_symbols;
227 unsigned int i;
228 int index;
229 struct cleanup *back_to;
230 CORE_ADDR symaddr;
231 enum minimal_symbol_type ms_type;
232 /* If sectinfo is nonzero, it contains section info that should end up
233 filed in the objfile. */
234 struct stab_section_info *sectinfo = 0;
235 /* If filesym is nonzero, it points to a file symbol, but we haven't
236 seen any section info for it yet. */
237 asymbol *filesym = 0;
238 struct dbx_symfile_info *dbx = (struct dbx_symfile_info *)
239 objfile->sym_private;
240
241 storage_needed = get_symtab_upper_bound (abfd);
242
243 if (storage_needed > 0)
244 {
245 symbol_table = (asymbol **) xmalloc (storage_needed);
246 back_to = make_cleanup (free, symbol_table);
247 number_of_symbols = bfd_canonicalize_symtab (abfd, symbol_table);
248
249 for (i = 0; i < number_of_symbols; i++)
250 {
251 sym = symbol_table[i];
252 /* Select global/weak symbols that are defined in a specific section.
253 Note that bfd now puts abs symbols in their own section, so
254 all symbols we are interested in will have a section. */
255 if ((sym -> flags & (BSF_GLOBAL | BSF_WEAK))
256 && (sym -> section != NULL))
257 {
258 /* Bfd symbols are section relative. */
259 symaddr = sym -> value + sym -> section -> vma;
260 /* Relocate all non-absolute symbols by base address. */
261 if (sym -> section != &bfd_abs_section)
262 symaddr += addr;
263
264 /* For non-absolute symbols, use the type of the section
265 they are relative to, to intuit text/data. Bfd provides
266 no way of figuring this out for absolute symbols. */
267 if (sym -> section -> flags & SEC_CODE)
268 {
269 ms_type = mst_text;
270 }
271 else if (sym -> section -> flags & SEC_DATA)
272 {
273 ms_type = mst_data;
274 }
275 else
276 {
277 /* FIXME: Solaris2 shared libraries include lots of
278 odd "absolute" and "undefined" symbols, that play
279 hob with actions like finding what function the PC
280 is in. Ignore them if they aren't text or data. */
281 /* ms_type = mst_unknown; */
282 continue; /* Skip this symbol. */
283 }
284 /* Pass symbol size field in via BFD. FIXME!!! */
285 {
286 elf32_symbol_type *esym = (elf32_symbol_type *) sym;
287 unsigned long size = esym->internal_elf_sym.st_size;
288 record_minimal_symbol_and_info ((char *) sym -> name, symaddr,
289 ms_type, (PTR) size, objfile);
290 }
291 }
292
293 /* See if this is a debugging symbol that helps Solaris
294 stabs-in-elf debugging. */
295
296 else if (sym->flags & BSF_FILE)
297 {
298 /* Chain any old one onto the objfile; remember new sym. */
299 if (sectinfo)
300 {
301 sectinfo->next = dbx->stab_section_info;
302 dbx->stab_section_info = sectinfo;
303 sectinfo = 0;
304 }
305 filesym = sym;
306 }
307 else if ((sym->flags & BSF_LOCAL) &&
308 (sym->section) &&
309 (sym->section->flags & SEC_DATA) &&
310 (sym->name))
311 {
312 /* Named Local variable in a Data section. Check its name. */
313 index = -1;
314 switch (sym->name[1])
315 {
316 case 'b':
317 if (STREQ ("Bbss.bss", sym->name))
318 index = SECT_OFF_BSS;
319 break;
320 case 'd':
321 if (STREQ ("Ddata.data", sym->name))
322 index = SECT_OFF_DATA;
323 break;
324 case 'r':
325 if (STREQ ("Drodata.rodata", sym->name))
326 index = SECT_OFF_RODATA;
327 break;
328 }
329 if (index > 0)
330 {
331 /* We have some new info. Allocate a sectinfo, if
332 needed, and fill it in. */
333 if (!sectinfo)
334 {
335 sectinfo = (struct stab_section_info *)
336 xmmalloc (objfile -> md,
337 sizeof (*sectinfo));
338 memset ((PTR) sectinfo, 0, sizeof (*sectinfo));
339 if (!filesym)
340 complain (&section_info_complaint, sym->name);
341 else
342 sectinfo->filename = (char *)filesym->name;
343 }
344 if (sectinfo->sections[index])
345 complain (&section_info_dup_complaint, sectinfo->filename);
346
347 /* Bfd symbols are section relative. */
348 symaddr = sym -> value + sym -> section -> vma;
349 /* Relocate all non-absolute symbols by base address. */
350 if (sym -> section != &bfd_abs_section)
351 symaddr += addr;
352 sectinfo->sections[index] = symaddr;
353 }
354 }
355 }
356 do_cleanups (back_to);
357 }
358 }
359
360 /* Scan and build partial symbols for a symbol file.
361 We have been initialized by a call to elf_symfile_init, which
362 currently does nothing.
363
364 SECTION_OFFSETS is a set of offsets to apply to relocate the symbols
365 in each section. We simplify it down to a single offset for all
366 symbols. FIXME.
367
368 MAINLINE is true if we are reading the main symbol
369 table (as opposed to a shared lib or dynamically loaded file).
370
371 This function only does the minimum work necessary for letting the
372 user "name" things symbolically; it does not read the entire symtab.
373 Instead, it reads the external and static symbols and puts them in partial
374 symbol tables. When more extensive information is requested of a
375 file, the corresponding partial symbol table is mutated into a full
376 fledged symbol table by going back and reading the symbols
377 for real.
378
379 We look for sections with specific names, to tell us what debug
380 format to look for: FIXME!!!
381
382 dwarf_build_psymtabs() builds psymtabs for DWARF symbols;
383 elfstab_build_psymtabs() handles STABS symbols.
384
385 Note that ELF files have a "minimal" symbol table, which looks a lot
386 like a COFF symbol table, but has only the minimal information necessary
387 for linking. We process this also, and use the information to
388 build gdb's minimal symbol table. This gives us some minimal debugging
389 capability even for files compiled without -g. */
390
391 static void
392 elf_symfile_read (objfile, section_offsets, mainline)
393 struct objfile *objfile;
394 struct section_offsets *section_offsets;
395 int mainline;
396 {
397 bfd *abfd = objfile->obfd;
398 struct elfinfo ei;
399 struct cleanup *back_to;
400 CORE_ADDR offset;
401
402 init_minimal_symbol_collection ();
403 back_to = make_cleanup (discard_minimal_symbols, 0);
404
405 memset ((char *) &ei, 0, sizeof (ei));
406
407 /* Allocate struct to keep track of the symfile */
408 objfile->sym_private = (PTR)
409 xmmalloc (objfile -> md, sizeof (struct dbx_symfile_info));
410 memset ((char *) objfile->sym_private, 0, sizeof (struct dbx_symfile_info));
411 make_cleanup (free_elfinfo, (PTR) objfile);
412
413 /* Process the normal ELF symbol table first. This may write some
414 chain of info into the dbx_symfile_info in objfile->sym_private,
415 which can later be used by elfstab_offset_sections. */
416
417 /* FIXME, should take a section_offsets param, not just an offset. */
418 offset = ANOFFSET (section_offsets, 0);
419 elf_symtab_read (abfd, offset, objfile);
420
421 /* Now process debugging information, which is contained in
422 special ELF sections. We first have to find them... */
423
424 bfd_map_over_sections (abfd, elf_locate_sections, (PTR) &ei);
425 if (ei.dboffset && ei.lnoffset)
426 {
427 /* DWARF sections */
428 dwarf_build_psymtabs (objfile,
429 section_offsets, mainline,
430 ei.dboffset, ei.dbsize,
431 ei.lnoffset, ei.lnsize);
432 }
433 if (ei.stabsect)
434 {
435 /* STABS sections */
436
437 /* FIXME: Sun didn't really know how to implement this well.
438 They made .stab sections that don't point to the .stabstr
439 section with the sh_link field. BFD doesn't make string table
440 sections visible to the caller. So we have to search the
441 ELF section table, not the BFD section table, for the string
442 table. */
443 struct elf32_internal_shdr *elf_sect;
444
445 elf_sect = bfd_elf_find_section (abfd, ".stabstr");
446 if (elf_sect)
447 elfstab_build_psymtabs (objfile,
448 section_offsets,
449 mainline,
450 ei.stabsect->filepos, /* .stab offset */
451 bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc (ei.stabsect),/* .stab size */
452 (file_ptr) elf_sect->sh_offset, /* .stabstr offset */
453 elf_sect->sh_size); /* .stabstr size */
454 }
455
456 if (!have_partial_symbols ())
457 {
458 wrap_here ("");
459 printf_filtered ("(no debugging symbols found)...");
460 wrap_here ("");
461 }
462
463 /* Install any minimal symbols that have been collected as the current
464 minimal symbols for this objfile. */
465
466 install_minimal_symbols (objfile);
467
468 do_cleanups (back_to);
469 }
470
471 /* This cleans up the objfile's sym_private pointer, and the chain of
472 stab_section_info's, that might be dangling from it. */
473
474 static void
475 free_elfinfo (objp)
476 PTR objp;
477 {
478 struct objfile *objfile = (struct objfile *)objp;
479 struct dbx_symfile_info *dbxinfo = (struct dbx_symfile_info *)
480 objfile->sym_private;
481 struct stab_section_info *ssi, *nssi;
482
483 ssi = dbxinfo->stab_section_info;
484 while (ssi)
485 {
486 nssi = ssi->next;
487 mfree (objfile->md, ssi);
488 ssi = nssi;
489 }
490
491 dbxinfo->stab_section_info = 0; /* Just say No mo info about this. */
492 }
493
494
495 /* Initialize anything that needs initializing when a completely new symbol
496 file is specified (not just adding some symbols from another file, e.g. a
497 shared library).
498
499 We reinitialize buildsym, since we may be reading stabs from an ELF file. */
500
501 static void
502 elf_new_init (ignore)
503 struct objfile *ignore;
504 {
505 stabsread_new_init ();
506 buildsym_new_init ();
507 }
508
509 /* Perform any local cleanups required when we are done with a particular
510 objfile. I.E, we are in the process of discarding all symbol information
511 for an objfile, freeing up all memory held for it, and unlinking the
512 objfile struct from the global list of known objfiles. */
513
514 static void
515 elf_symfile_finish (objfile)
516 struct objfile *objfile;
517 {
518 if (objfile -> sym_private != NULL)
519 {
520 mfree (objfile -> md, objfile -> sym_private);
521 }
522 }
523
524 /* ELF specific initialization routine for reading symbols.
525
526 It is passed a pointer to a struct sym_fns which contains, among other
527 things, the BFD for the file whose symbols are being read, and a slot for
528 a pointer to "private data" which we can fill with goodies.
529
530 For now at least, we have nothing in particular to do, so this function is
531 just a stub. */
532
533 static void
534 elf_symfile_init (ignore)
535 struct objfile *ignore;
536 {
537 }
538
539 /* ELF specific parsing routine for section offsets.
540
541 Plain and simple for now. */
542
543 static
544 struct section_offsets *
545 elf_symfile_offsets (objfile, addr)
546 struct objfile *objfile;
547 CORE_ADDR addr;
548 {
549 struct section_offsets *section_offsets;
550 int i;
551
552 section_offsets = (struct section_offsets *)
553 obstack_alloc (&objfile -> psymbol_obstack,
554 sizeof (struct section_offsets) +
555 sizeof (section_offsets->offsets) * (SECT_OFF_MAX-1));
556
557 for (i = 0; i < SECT_OFF_MAX; i++)
558 ANOFFSET (section_offsets, i) = addr;
559
560 return section_offsets;
561 }
562 \f
563 /* When handling an ELF file that contains Sun STABS debug info,
564 some of the debug info is relative to the particular chunk of the
565 section that was generated in its individual .o file. E.g.
566 offsets to static variables are relative to the start of the data
567 segment *for that module before linking*. This information is
568 painfully squirreled away in the ELF symbol table as local symbols
569 with wierd names. Go get 'em when needed. */
570
571 void
572 elfstab_offset_sections (objfile, pst)
573 struct objfile *objfile;
574 struct partial_symtab *pst;
575 {
576 char *filename = pst->filename;
577 struct dbx_symfile_info *dbx = (struct dbx_symfile_info *)
578 objfile->sym_private;
579 struct stab_section_info *maybe = dbx->stab_section_info;
580 struct stab_section_info *questionable = 0;
581 int i;
582 char *p;
583
584 /* The ELF symbol info doesn't include path names, so strip the path
585 (if any) from the psymtab filename. */
586 while (0 != (p = strchr (filename, '/')))
587 filename = p+1;
588
589 /* FIXME: This linear search could speed up significantly
590 if it was chained in the right order to match how we search it,
591 and if we unchained when we found a match. */
592 for (; maybe; maybe = maybe->next)
593 {
594 if (filename[0] == maybe->filename[0]
595 && STREQ (filename, maybe->filename))
596 {
597 /* We found a match. But there might be several source files
598 (from different directories) with the same name. */
599 if (0 == maybe->found)
600 break;
601 questionable = maybe; /* Might use it later. */
602 }
603 }
604
605 if (maybe == 0 && questionable != 0)
606 {
607 complain (&stab_info_questionable_complaint, filename);
608 maybe = questionable;
609 }
610
611 if (maybe)
612 {
613 /* Found it! Allocate a new psymtab struct, and fill it in. */
614 maybe->found++;
615 pst->section_offsets = (struct section_offsets *)
616 obstack_alloc (&objfile -> psymbol_obstack,
617 sizeof (struct section_offsets) +
618 sizeof (pst->section_offsets->offsets) * (SECT_OFF_MAX-1));
619
620 for (i = 0; i < SECT_OFF_MAX; i++)
621 ANOFFSET (pst->section_offsets, i) = maybe->sections[i];
622 return;
623 }
624
625 /* We were unable to find any offsets for this file. Complain. */
626 if (dbx->stab_section_info) /* If there *is* any info, */
627 complain (&stab_info_mismatch_complaint, filename);
628 }
629 \f
630 /* Register that we are able to handle ELF object file formats and DWARF
631 debugging formats.
632
633 Unlike other object file formats, where the debugging information format
634 is implied by the object file format, the ELF object file format and the
635 DWARF debugging information format are two distinct, and potentially
636 separate entities. I.E. it is perfectly possible to have ELF objects
637 with debugging formats other than DWARF. And it is conceivable that the
638 DWARF debugging format might be used with another object file format,
639 like COFF, by simply using COFF's custom section feature.
640
641 GDB, and to a lesser extent BFD, should support the notion of separate
642 object file formats and debugging information formats. For now, we just
643 use "elf" in the same sense as "a.out" or "coff", to imply both the ELF
644 object file format and the DWARF debugging format. */
645
646 static struct sym_fns elf_sym_fns =
647 {
648 "elf", /* sym_name: name or name prefix of BFD target type */
649 3, /* sym_namelen: number of significant sym_name chars */
650 elf_new_init, /* sym_new_init: init anything gbl to entire symtab */
651 elf_symfile_init, /* sym_init: read initial info, setup for sym_read() */
652 elf_symfile_read, /* sym_read: read a symbol file into symtab */
653 elf_symfile_finish, /* sym_finish: finished with file, cleanup */
654 elf_symfile_offsets, /* sym_offsets: Translate ext. to int. relocation */
655 NULL /* next: pointer to next struct sym_fns */
656 };
657
658 void
659 _initialize_elfread ()
660 {
661 add_symtab_fns (&elf_sym_fns);
662 }
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