3 * (C) 2012 Google, Inc.
4 * Author: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
6 * This implements a refcount with similar semantics to atomic_t - atomic_inc(),
7 * atomic_dec_and_test() - but percpu.
9 * There's one important difference between percpu refs and normal atomic_t
10 * refcounts; you have to keep track of your initial refcount, and then when you
11 * start shutting down you call percpu_ref_kill() _before_ dropping the initial
14 * The refcount will have a range of 0 to ((1U << 31) - 1), i.e. one bit less
15 * than an atomic_t - this is because of the way shutdown works, see
16 * percpu_ref_kill()/PCPU_COUNT_BIAS.
18 * Before you call percpu_ref_kill(), percpu_ref_put() does not check for the
19 * refcount hitting 0 - it can't, if it was in percpu mode. percpu_ref_kill()
20 * puts the ref back in single atomic_t mode, collecting the per cpu refs and
21 * issuing the appropriate barriers, and then marks the ref as shutting down so
22 * that percpu_ref_put() will check for the ref hitting 0. After it returns,
23 * it's safe to drop the initial ref.
27 * See fs/aio.c for some example usage; it's used there for struct kioctx, which
28 * is created when userspaces calls io_setup(), and destroyed when userspace
29 * calls io_destroy() or the process exits.
31 * In the aio code, kill_ioctx() is called when we wish to destroy a kioctx; it
32 * calls percpu_ref_kill(), then hlist_del_rcu() and sychronize_rcu() to remove
33 * the kioctx from the proccess's list of kioctxs - after that, there can't be
34 * any new users of the kioctx (from lookup_ioctx()) and it's then safe to drop
35 * the initial ref with percpu_ref_put().
37 * Code that does a two stage shutdown like this often needs some kind of
38 * explicit synchronization to ensure the initial refcount can only be dropped
39 * once - percpu_ref_kill() does this for you, it returns true once and false if
40 * someone else already called it. The aio code uses it this way, but it's not
41 * necessary if the code has some other mechanism to synchronize teardown.
45 #ifndef _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
46 #define _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
48 #include <linux/atomic.h>
49 #include <linux/kernel.h>
50 #include <linux/percpu.h>
51 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
54 typedef void (percpu_ref_func_t
)(struct percpu_ref
*);
59 * The low bit of the pointer indicates whether the ref is in percpu
60 * mode; if set, then get/put will manipulate the atomic_t.
62 unsigned long pcpu_count_ptr
;
63 percpu_ref_func_t
*release
;
64 percpu_ref_func_t
*confirm_kill
;
68 int __must_check
percpu_ref_init(struct percpu_ref
*ref
,
69 percpu_ref_func_t
*release
);
70 void percpu_ref_reinit(struct percpu_ref
*ref
);
71 void percpu_ref_exit(struct percpu_ref
*ref
);
72 void percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(struct percpu_ref
*ref
,
73 percpu_ref_func_t
*confirm_kill
);
74 void __percpu_ref_kill_expedited(struct percpu_ref
*ref
);
77 * percpu_ref_kill - drop the initial ref
78 * @ref: percpu_ref to kill
80 * Must be used to drop the initial ref on a percpu refcount; must be called
81 * precisely once before shutdown.
83 * Puts @ref in non percpu mode, then does a call_rcu() before gathering up the
84 * percpu counters and dropping the initial ref.
86 static inline void percpu_ref_kill(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
88 return percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(ref
, NULL
);
91 #define PCPU_REF_DEAD 1
94 * Internal helper. Don't use outside percpu-refcount proper. The
95 * function doesn't return the pointer and let the caller test it for NULL
96 * because doing so forces the compiler to generate two conditional
97 * branches as it can't assume that @ref->pcpu_count is not NULL.
99 static inline bool __pcpu_ref_alive(struct percpu_ref
*ref
,
100 unsigned __percpu
**pcpu_countp
)
102 unsigned long pcpu_ptr
= ACCESS_ONCE(ref
->pcpu_count_ptr
);
104 /* paired with smp_store_release() in percpu_ref_reinit() */
105 smp_read_barrier_depends();
107 if (unlikely(pcpu_ptr
& PCPU_REF_DEAD
))
110 *pcpu_countp
= (unsigned __percpu
*)pcpu_ptr
;
115 * percpu_ref_get - increment a percpu refcount
116 * @ref: percpu_ref to get
118 * Analagous to atomic_inc().
120 static inline void percpu_ref_get(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
122 unsigned __percpu
*pcpu_count
;
124 rcu_read_lock_sched();
126 if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref
, &pcpu_count
))
127 this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count
);
129 atomic_inc(&ref
->count
);
131 rcu_read_unlock_sched();
135 * percpu_ref_tryget - try to increment a percpu refcount
136 * @ref: percpu_ref to try-get
138 * Increment a percpu refcount unless its count already reached zero.
139 * Returns %true on success; %false on failure.
141 * The caller is responsible for ensuring that @ref stays accessible.
143 static inline bool percpu_ref_tryget(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
145 unsigned __percpu
*pcpu_count
;
148 rcu_read_lock_sched();
150 if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref
, &pcpu_count
)) {
151 this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count
);
154 ret
= atomic_inc_not_zero(&ref
->count
);
157 rcu_read_unlock_sched();
163 * percpu_ref_tryget_live - try to increment a live percpu refcount
164 * @ref: percpu_ref to try-get
166 * Increment a percpu refcount unless it has already been killed. Returns
167 * %true on success; %false on failure.
169 * Completion of percpu_ref_kill() in itself doesn't guarantee that tryget
170 * will fail. For such guarantee, percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm() should be
171 * used. After the confirm_kill callback is invoked, it's guaranteed that
172 * no new reference will be given out by percpu_ref_tryget().
174 * The caller is responsible for ensuring that @ref stays accessible.
176 static inline bool percpu_ref_tryget_live(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
178 unsigned __percpu
*pcpu_count
;
181 rcu_read_lock_sched();
183 if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref
, &pcpu_count
)) {
184 this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count
);
188 rcu_read_unlock_sched();
194 * percpu_ref_put - decrement a percpu refcount
195 * @ref: percpu_ref to put
197 * Decrement the refcount, and if 0, call the release function (which was passed
198 * to percpu_ref_init())
200 static inline void percpu_ref_put(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
202 unsigned __percpu
*pcpu_count
;
204 rcu_read_lock_sched();
206 if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref
, &pcpu_count
))
207 this_cpu_dec(*pcpu_count
);
208 else if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&ref
->count
)))
211 rcu_read_unlock_sched();
215 * percpu_ref_is_zero - test whether a percpu refcount reached zero
216 * @ref: percpu_ref to test
218 * Returns %true if @ref reached zero.
220 static inline bool percpu_ref_is_zero(struct percpu_ref
*ref
)
222 unsigned __percpu
*pcpu_count
;
224 if (__pcpu_ref_alive(ref
, &pcpu_count
))
226 return !atomic_read(&ref
->count
);
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