2 * linux/mm/compaction.c
4 * Memory compaction for the reduction of external fragmentation. Note that
5 * this heavily depends upon page migration to do all the real heavy
8 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2007-2010 Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
10 #include <linux/swap.h>
11 #include <linux/migrate.h>
12 #include <linux/compaction.h>
13 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
14 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
15 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
16 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
19 #if defined CONFIG_COMPACTION || defined CONFIG_CMA
21 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
22 #include <trace/events/compaction.h>
24 static unsigned long release_freepages(struct list_head
*freelist
)
26 struct page
*page
, *next
;
27 unsigned long count
= 0;
29 list_for_each_entry_safe(page
, next
, freelist
, lru
) {
38 static void map_pages(struct list_head
*list
)
42 list_for_each_entry(page
, list
, lru
) {
43 arch_alloc_page(page
, 0);
44 kernel_map_pages(page
, 1, 1);
48 static inline bool migrate_async_suitable(int migratetype
)
50 return is_migrate_cma(migratetype
) || migratetype
== MIGRATE_MOVABLE
;
54 * Compaction requires the taking of some coarse locks that are potentially
55 * very heavily contended. Check if the process needs to be scheduled or
56 * if the lock is contended. For async compaction, back out in the event
57 * if contention is severe. For sync compaction, schedule.
59 * Returns true if the lock is held.
60 * Returns false if the lock is released and compaction should abort
62 static bool compact_checklock_irqsave(spinlock_t
*lock
, unsigned long *flags
,
63 bool locked
, struct compact_control
*cc
)
65 if (need_resched() || spin_is_contended(lock
)) {
67 spin_unlock_irqrestore(lock
, *flags
);
71 /* async aborts if taking too long or contended */
81 spin_lock_irqsave(lock
, *flags
);
85 static inline bool compact_trylock_irqsave(spinlock_t
*lock
,
86 unsigned long *flags
, struct compact_control
*cc
)
88 return compact_checklock_irqsave(lock
, flags
, false, cc
);
91 static void compact_capture_page(struct compact_control
*cc
)
94 int mtype
, mtype_low
, mtype_high
;
96 if (!cc
->page
|| *cc
->page
)
100 * For MIGRATE_MOVABLE allocations we capture a suitable page ASAP
101 * regardless of the migratetype of the freelist is is captured from.
102 * This is fine because the order for a high-order MIGRATE_MOVABLE
103 * allocation is typically at least a pageblock size and overall
104 * fragmentation is not impaired. Other allocation types must
105 * capture pages from their own migratelist because otherwise they
106 * could pollute other pageblocks like MIGRATE_MOVABLE with
107 * difficult to move pages and making fragmentation worse overall.
109 if (cc
->migratetype
== MIGRATE_MOVABLE
) {
111 mtype_high
= MIGRATE_PCPTYPES
;
113 mtype_low
= cc
->migratetype
;
114 mtype_high
= cc
->migratetype
+ 1;
117 /* Speculatively examine the free lists without zone lock */
118 for (mtype
= mtype_low
; mtype
< mtype_high
; mtype
++) {
120 for (order
= cc
->order
; order
< MAX_ORDER
; order
++) {
122 struct free_area
*area
;
123 area
= &(cc
->zone
->free_area
[order
]);
124 if (list_empty(&area
->free_list
[mtype
]))
127 /* Take the lock and attempt capture of the page */
128 if (!compact_trylock_irqsave(&cc
->zone
->lock
, &flags
, cc
))
130 if (!list_empty(&area
->free_list
[mtype
])) {
131 page
= list_entry(area
->free_list
[mtype
].next
,
133 if (capture_free_page(page
, cc
->order
, mtype
)) {
134 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cc
->zone
->lock
,
140 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cc
->zone
->lock
, flags
);
146 * Isolate free pages onto a private freelist. Caller must hold zone->lock.
147 * If @strict is true, will abort returning 0 on any invalid PFNs or non-free
148 * pages inside of the pageblock (even though it may still end up isolating
151 static unsigned long isolate_freepages_block(unsigned long blockpfn
,
152 unsigned long end_pfn
,
153 struct list_head
*freelist
,
156 int nr_scanned
= 0, total_isolated
= 0;
159 cursor
= pfn_to_page(blockpfn
);
161 /* Isolate free pages. This assumes the block is valid */
162 for (; blockpfn
< end_pfn
; blockpfn
++, cursor
++) {
164 struct page
*page
= cursor
;
166 if (!pfn_valid_within(blockpfn
)) {
173 if (!PageBuddy(page
)) {
179 /* Found a free page, break it into order-0 pages */
180 isolated
= split_free_page(page
);
181 if (!isolated
&& strict
)
183 total_isolated
+= isolated
;
184 for (i
= 0; i
< isolated
; i
++) {
185 list_add(&page
->lru
, freelist
);
189 /* If a page was split, advance to the end of it */
191 blockpfn
+= isolated
- 1;
192 cursor
+= isolated
- 1;
196 trace_mm_compaction_isolate_freepages(nr_scanned
, total_isolated
);
197 return total_isolated
;
201 * isolate_freepages_range() - isolate free pages.
202 * @start_pfn: The first PFN to start isolating.
203 * @end_pfn: The one-past-last PFN.
205 * Non-free pages, invalid PFNs, or zone boundaries within the
206 * [start_pfn, end_pfn) range are considered errors, cause function to
207 * undo its actions and return zero.
209 * Otherwise, function returns one-past-the-last PFN of isolated page
210 * (which may be greater then end_pfn if end fell in a middle of
214 isolate_freepages_range(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
216 unsigned long isolated
, pfn
, block_end_pfn
, flags
;
217 struct zone
*zone
= NULL
;
220 if (pfn_valid(start_pfn
))
221 zone
= page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn
));
223 for (pfn
= start_pfn
; pfn
< end_pfn
; pfn
+= isolated
) {
224 if (!pfn_valid(pfn
) || zone
!= page_zone(pfn_to_page(pfn
)))
228 * On subsequent iterations ALIGN() is actually not needed,
229 * but we keep it that we not to complicate the code.
231 block_end_pfn
= ALIGN(pfn
+ 1, pageblock_nr_pages
);
232 block_end_pfn
= min(block_end_pfn
, end_pfn
);
234 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone
->lock
, flags
);
235 isolated
= isolate_freepages_block(pfn
, block_end_pfn
,
237 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone
->lock
, flags
);
240 * In strict mode, isolate_freepages_block() returns 0 if
241 * there are any holes in the block (ie. invalid PFNs or
248 * If we managed to isolate pages, it is always (1 << n) *
249 * pageblock_nr_pages for some non-negative n. (Max order
250 * page may span two pageblocks).
254 /* split_free_page does not map the pages */
255 map_pages(&freelist
);
258 /* Loop terminated early, cleanup. */
259 release_freepages(&freelist
);
263 /* We don't use freelists for anything. */
267 /* Update the number of anon and file isolated pages in the zone */
268 static void acct_isolated(struct zone
*zone
, bool locked
, struct compact_control
*cc
)
271 unsigned int count
[2] = { 0, };
273 list_for_each_entry(page
, &cc
->migratepages
, lru
)
274 count
[!!page_is_file_cache(page
)]++;
276 /* If locked we can use the interrupt unsafe versions */
278 __mod_zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_ANON
, count
[0]);
279 __mod_zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_FILE
, count
[1]);
281 mod_zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_ANON
, count
[0]);
282 mod_zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_FILE
, count
[1]);
286 /* Similar to reclaim, but different enough that they don't share logic */
287 static bool too_many_isolated(struct zone
*zone
)
289 unsigned long active
, inactive
, isolated
;
291 inactive
= zone_page_state(zone
, NR_INACTIVE_FILE
) +
292 zone_page_state(zone
, NR_INACTIVE_ANON
);
293 active
= zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ACTIVE_FILE
) +
294 zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ACTIVE_ANON
);
295 isolated
= zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_FILE
) +
296 zone_page_state(zone
, NR_ISOLATED_ANON
);
298 return isolated
> (inactive
+ active
) / 2;
302 * isolate_migratepages_range() - isolate all migrate-able pages in range.
303 * @zone: Zone pages are in.
304 * @cc: Compaction control structure.
305 * @low_pfn: The first PFN of the range.
306 * @end_pfn: The one-past-the-last PFN of the range.
308 * Isolate all pages that can be migrated from the range specified by
309 * [low_pfn, end_pfn). Returns zero if there is a fatal signal
310 * pending), otherwise PFN of the first page that was not scanned
311 * (which may be both less, equal to or more then end_pfn).
313 * Assumes that cc->migratepages is empty and cc->nr_migratepages is
316 * Apart from cc->migratepages and cc->nr_migratetypes this function
317 * does not modify any cc's fields, in particular it does not modify
318 * (or read for that matter) cc->migrate_pfn.
321 isolate_migratepages_range(struct zone
*zone
, struct compact_control
*cc
,
322 unsigned long low_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
324 unsigned long last_pageblock_nr
= 0, pageblock_nr
;
325 unsigned long nr_scanned
= 0, nr_isolated
= 0;
326 struct list_head
*migratelist
= &cc
->migratepages
;
327 isolate_mode_t mode
= 0;
328 struct lruvec
*lruvec
;
333 * Ensure that there are not too many pages isolated from the LRU
334 * list by either parallel reclaimers or compaction. If there are,
335 * delay for some time until fewer pages are isolated
337 while (unlikely(too_many_isolated(zone
))) {
338 /* async migration should just abort */
342 congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC
, HZ
/10);
344 if (fatal_signal_pending(current
))
348 /* Time to isolate some pages for migration */
350 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone
->lru_lock
, flags
);
352 for (; low_pfn
< end_pfn
; low_pfn
++) {
355 /* give a chance to irqs before checking need_resched() */
356 if (!((low_pfn
+1) % SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX
)) {
357 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone
->lru_lock
, flags
);
361 /* Check if it is ok to still hold the lock */
362 locked
= compact_checklock_irqsave(&zone
->lru_lock
, &flags
,
364 if (!locked
|| fatal_signal_pending(current
))
368 * migrate_pfn does not necessarily start aligned to a
369 * pageblock. Ensure that pfn_valid is called when moving
370 * into a new MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES range in case of large
371 * memory holes within the zone
373 if ((low_pfn
& (MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES
- 1)) == 0) {
374 if (!pfn_valid(low_pfn
)) {
375 low_pfn
+= MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES
- 1;
380 if (!pfn_valid_within(low_pfn
))
385 * Get the page and ensure the page is within the same zone.
386 * See the comment in isolate_freepages about overlapping
387 * nodes. It is deliberate that the new zone lock is not taken
388 * as memory compaction should not move pages between nodes.
390 page
= pfn_to_page(low_pfn
);
391 if (page_zone(page
) != zone
)
399 * For async migration, also only scan in MOVABLE blocks. Async
400 * migration is optimistic to see if the minimum amount of work
401 * satisfies the allocation
403 pageblock_nr
= low_pfn
>> pageblock_order
;
404 if (!cc
->sync
&& last_pageblock_nr
!= pageblock_nr
&&
405 !migrate_async_suitable(get_pageblock_migratetype(page
))) {
406 low_pfn
+= pageblock_nr_pages
;
407 low_pfn
= ALIGN(low_pfn
, pageblock_nr_pages
) - 1;
408 last_pageblock_nr
= pageblock_nr
;
416 * PageLRU is set, and lru_lock excludes isolation,
417 * splitting and collapsing (collapsing has already
418 * happened if PageLRU is set).
420 if (PageTransHuge(page
)) {
421 low_pfn
+= (1 << compound_order(page
)) - 1;
426 mode
|= ISOLATE_ASYNC_MIGRATE
;
428 lruvec
= mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page
, zone
);
430 /* Try isolate the page */
431 if (__isolate_lru_page(page
, mode
) != 0)
434 VM_BUG_ON(PageTransCompound(page
));
436 /* Successfully isolated */
437 del_page_from_lru_list(page
, lruvec
, page_lru(page
));
438 list_add(&page
->lru
, migratelist
);
439 cc
->nr_migratepages
++;
442 /* Avoid isolating too much */
443 if (cc
->nr_migratepages
== COMPACT_CLUSTER_MAX
) {
449 acct_isolated(zone
, locked
, cc
);
452 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone
->lru_lock
, flags
);
454 trace_mm_compaction_isolate_migratepages(nr_scanned
, nr_isolated
);
459 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION || CONFIG_CMA */
460 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
462 /* Returns true if the page is within a block suitable for migration to */
463 static bool suitable_migration_target(struct page
*page
)
466 int migratetype
= get_pageblock_migratetype(page
);
468 /* Don't interfere with memory hot-remove or the min_free_kbytes blocks */
469 if (migratetype
== MIGRATE_ISOLATE
|| migratetype
== MIGRATE_RESERVE
)
472 /* If the page is a large free page, then allow migration */
473 if (PageBuddy(page
) && page_order(page
) >= pageblock_order
)
476 /* If the block is MIGRATE_MOVABLE or MIGRATE_CMA, allow migration */
477 if (migrate_async_suitable(migratetype
))
480 /* Otherwise skip the block */
485 * Returns the start pfn of the last page block in a zone. This is the starting
486 * point for full compaction of a zone. Compaction searches for free pages from
487 * the end of each zone, while isolate_freepages_block scans forward inside each
490 static unsigned long start_free_pfn(struct zone
*zone
)
492 unsigned long free_pfn
;
493 free_pfn
= zone
->zone_start_pfn
+ zone
->spanned_pages
;
494 free_pfn
&= ~(pageblock_nr_pages
-1);
499 * Based on information in the current compact_control, find blocks
500 * suitable for isolating free pages from and then isolate them.
502 static void isolate_freepages(struct zone
*zone
,
503 struct compact_control
*cc
)
506 unsigned long high_pfn
, low_pfn
, pfn
, zone_end_pfn
, end_pfn
;
508 int nr_freepages
= cc
->nr_freepages
;
509 struct list_head
*freelist
= &cc
->freepages
;
512 * Initialise the free scanner. The starting point is where we last
513 * scanned from (or the end of the zone if starting). The low point
514 * is the end of the pageblock the migration scanner is using.
517 low_pfn
= cc
->migrate_pfn
+ pageblock_nr_pages
;
520 * Take care that if the migration scanner is at the end of the zone
521 * that the free scanner does not accidentally move to the next zone
522 * in the next isolation cycle.
524 high_pfn
= min(low_pfn
, pfn
);
526 zone_end_pfn
= zone
->zone_start_pfn
+ zone
->spanned_pages
;
529 * Isolate free pages until enough are available to migrate the
530 * pages on cc->migratepages. We stop searching if the migrate
531 * and free page scanners meet or enough free pages are isolated.
533 for (; pfn
> low_pfn
&& cc
->nr_migratepages
> nr_freepages
;
534 pfn
-= pageblock_nr_pages
) {
535 unsigned long isolated
;
541 * Check for overlapping nodes/zones. It's possible on some
542 * configurations to have a setup like
544 * i.e. it's possible that all pages within a zones range of
545 * pages do not belong to a single zone.
547 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
548 if (page_zone(page
) != zone
)
551 /* Check the block is suitable for migration */
552 if (!suitable_migration_target(page
))
556 * Found a block suitable for isolating free pages from. Now
557 * we disabled interrupts, double check things are ok and
558 * isolate the pages. This is to minimise the time IRQs
564 * The zone lock must be held to isolate freepages. This
565 * unfortunately this is a very coarse lock and can be
566 * heavily contended if there are parallel allocations
567 * or parallel compactions. For async compaction do not
570 if (!compact_trylock_irqsave(&zone
->lock
, &flags
, cc
))
572 if (suitable_migration_target(page
)) {
573 end_pfn
= min(pfn
+ pageblock_nr_pages
, zone_end_pfn
);
574 isolated
= isolate_freepages_block(pfn
, end_pfn
,
576 nr_freepages
+= isolated
;
578 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone
->lock
, flags
);
581 * Record the highest PFN we isolated pages from. When next
582 * looking for free pages, the search will restart here as
583 * page migration may have returned some pages to the allocator
586 high_pfn
= max(high_pfn
, pfn
);
589 * If the free scanner has wrapped, update
590 * compact_cached_free_pfn to point to the highest
591 * pageblock with free pages. This reduces excessive
592 * scanning of full pageblocks near the end of the
595 if (cc
->order
> 0 && cc
->wrapped
)
596 zone
->compact_cached_free_pfn
= high_pfn
;
600 /* split_free_page does not map the pages */
603 cc
->free_pfn
= high_pfn
;
604 cc
->nr_freepages
= nr_freepages
;
606 /* If compact_cached_free_pfn is reset then set it now */
607 if (cc
->order
> 0 && !cc
->wrapped
&&
608 zone
->compact_cached_free_pfn
== start_free_pfn(zone
))
609 zone
->compact_cached_free_pfn
= high_pfn
;
613 * This is a migrate-callback that "allocates" freepages by taking pages
614 * from the isolated freelists in the block we are migrating to.
616 static struct page
*compaction_alloc(struct page
*migratepage
,
620 struct compact_control
*cc
= (struct compact_control
*)data
;
621 struct page
*freepage
;
623 /* Isolate free pages if necessary */
624 if (list_empty(&cc
->freepages
)) {
625 isolate_freepages(cc
->zone
, cc
);
627 if (list_empty(&cc
->freepages
))
631 freepage
= list_entry(cc
->freepages
.next
, struct page
, lru
);
632 list_del(&freepage
->lru
);
639 * We cannot control nr_migratepages and nr_freepages fully when migration is
640 * running as migrate_pages() has no knowledge of compact_control. When
641 * migration is complete, we count the number of pages on the lists by hand.
643 static void update_nr_listpages(struct compact_control
*cc
)
645 int nr_migratepages
= 0;
646 int nr_freepages
= 0;
649 list_for_each_entry(page
, &cc
->migratepages
, lru
)
651 list_for_each_entry(page
, &cc
->freepages
, lru
)
654 cc
->nr_migratepages
= nr_migratepages
;
655 cc
->nr_freepages
= nr_freepages
;
658 /* possible outcome of isolate_migratepages */
660 ISOLATE_ABORT
, /* Abort compaction now */
661 ISOLATE_NONE
, /* No pages isolated, continue scanning */
662 ISOLATE_SUCCESS
, /* Pages isolated, migrate */
666 * Isolate all pages that can be migrated from the block pointed to by
667 * the migrate scanner within compact_control.
669 static isolate_migrate_t
isolate_migratepages(struct zone
*zone
,
670 struct compact_control
*cc
)
672 unsigned long low_pfn
, end_pfn
;
674 /* Do not scan outside zone boundaries */
675 low_pfn
= max(cc
->migrate_pfn
, zone
->zone_start_pfn
);
677 /* Only scan within a pageblock boundary */
678 end_pfn
= ALIGN(low_pfn
+ pageblock_nr_pages
, pageblock_nr_pages
);
680 /* Do not cross the free scanner or scan within a memory hole */
681 if (end_pfn
> cc
->free_pfn
|| !pfn_valid(low_pfn
)) {
682 cc
->migrate_pfn
= end_pfn
;
686 /* Perform the isolation */
687 low_pfn
= isolate_migratepages_range(zone
, cc
, low_pfn
, end_pfn
);
688 if (!low_pfn
|| cc
->contended
)
689 return ISOLATE_ABORT
;
691 cc
->migrate_pfn
= low_pfn
;
693 return ISOLATE_SUCCESS
;
696 static int compact_finished(struct zone
*zone
,
697 struct compact_control
*cc
)
699 unsigned long watermark
;
701 if (fatal_signal_pending(current
))
702 return COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
705 * A full (order == -1) compaction run starts at the beginning and
706 * end of a zone; it completes when the migrate and free scanner meet.
707 * A partial (order > 0) compaction can start with the free scanner
708 * at a random point in the zone, and may have to restart.
710 if (cc
->free_pfn
<= cc
->migrate_pfn
) {
711 if (cc
->order
> 0 && !cc
->wrapped
) {
712 /* We started partway through; restart at the end. */
713 unsigned long free_pfn
= start_free_pfn(zone
);
714 zone
->compact_cached_free_pfn
= free_pfn
;
715 cc
->free_pfn
= free_pfn
;
717 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
719 return COMPACT_COMPLETE
;
722 /* We wrapped around and ended up where we started. */
723 if (cc
->wrapped
&& cc
->free_pfn
<= cc
->start_free_pfn
)
724 return COMPACT_COMPLETE
;
727 * order == -1 is expected when compacting via
728 * /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
731 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
733 /* Compaction run is not finished if the watermark is not met */
734 watermark
= low_wmark_pages(zone
);
735 watermark
+= (1 << cc
->order
);
737 if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone
, cc
->order
, watermark
, 0, 0))
738 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
740 /* Direct compactor: Is a suitable page free? */
742 /* Was a suitable page captured? */
744 return COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
747 for (order
= cc
->order
; order
< MAX_ORDER
; order
++) {
748 struct free_area
*area
= &zone
->free_area
[cc
->order
];
749 /* Job done if page is free of the right migratetype */
750 if (!list_empty(&area
->free_list
[cc
->migratetype
]))
751 return COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
753 /* Job done if allocation would set block type */
754 if (cc
->order
>= pageblock_order
&& area
->nr_free
)
755 return COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
759 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
763 * compaction_suitable: Is this suitable to run compaction on this zone now?
765 * COMPACT_SKIPPED - If there are too few free pages for compaction
766 * COMPACT_PARTIAL - If the allocation would succeed without compaction
767 * COMPACT_CONTINUE - If compaction should run now
769 unsigned long compaction_suitable(struct zone
*zone
, int order
)
772 unsigned long watermark
;
775 * order == -1 is expected when compacting via
776 * /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
779 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
782 * Watermarks for order-0 must be met for compaction. Note the 2UL.
783 * This is because during migration, copies of pages need to be
784 * allocated and for a short time, the footprint is higher
786 watermark
= low_wmark_pages(zone
) + (2UL << order
);
787 if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone
, 0, watermark
, 0, 0))
788 return COMPACT_SKIPPED
;
791 * fragmentation index determines if allocation failures are due to
792 * low memory or external fragmentation
794 * index of -1000 implies allocations might succeed depending on
796 * index towards 0 implies failure is due to lack of memory
797 * index towards 1000 implies failure is due to fragmentation
799 * Only compact if a failure would be due to fragmentation.
801 fragindex
= fragmentation_index(zone
, order
);
802 if (fragindex
>= 0 && fragindex
<= sysctl_extfrag_threshold
)
803 return COMPACT_SKIPPED
;
805 if (fragindex
== -1000 && zone_watermark_ok(zone
, order
, watermark
,
807 return COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
809 return COMPACT_CONTINUE
;
812 static int compact_zone(struct zone
*zone
, struct compact_control
*cc
)
816 ret
= compaction_suitable(zone
, cc
->order
);
818 case COMPACT_PARTIAL
:
819 case COMPACT_SKIPPED
:
820 /* Compaction is likely to fail */
822 case COMPACT_CONTINUE
:
823 /* Fall through to compaction */
827 /* Setup to move all movable pages to the end of the zone */
828 cc
->migrate_pfn
= zone
->zone_start_pfn
;
831 /* Incremental compaction. Start where the last one stopped. */
832 cc
->free_pfn
= zone
->compact_cached_free_pfn
;
833 cc
->start_free_pfn
= cc
->free_pfn
;
835 /* Order == -1 starts at the end of the zone. */
836 cc
->free_pfn
= start_free_pfn(zone
);
839 migrate_prep_local();
841 while ((ret
= compact_finished(zone
, cc
)) == COMPACT_CONTINUE
) {
842 unsigned long nr_migrate
, nr_remaining
;
845 switch (isolate_migratepages(zone
, cc
)) {
847 ret
= COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
848 putback_lru_pages(&cc
->migratepages
);
849 cc
->nr_migratepages
= 0;
853 case ISOLATE_SUCCESS
:
857 nr_migrate
= cc
->nr_migratepages
;
858 err
= migrate_pages(&cc
->migratepages
, compaction_alloc
,
859 (unsigned long)cc
, false,
860 cc
->sync
? MIGRATE_SYNC_LIGHT
: MIGRATE_ASYNC
);
861 update_nr_listpages(cc
);
862 nr_remaining
= cc
->nr_migratepages
;
864 count_vm_event(COMPACTBLOCKS
);
865 count_vm_events(COMPACTPAGES
, nr_migrate
- nr_remaining
);
867 count_vm_events(COMPACTPAGEFAILED
, nr_remaining
);
868 trace_mm_compaction_migratepages(nr_migrate
- nr_remaining
,
871 /* Release LRU pages not migrated */
873 putback_lru_pages(&cc
->migratepages
);
874 cc
->nr_migratepages
= 0;
875 if (err
== -ENOMEM
) {
876 ret
= COMPACT_PARTIAL
;
881 /* Capture a page now if it is a suitable size */
882 compact_capture_page(cc
);
886 /* Release free pages and check accounting */
887 cc
->nr_freepages
-= release_freepages(&cc
->freepages
);
888 VM_BUG_ON(cc
->nr_freepages
!= 0);
893 static unsigned long compact_zone_order(struct zone
*zone
,
894 int order
, gfp_t gfp_mask
,
895 bool sync
, bool *contended
,
899 struct compact_control cc
= {
901 .nr_migratepages
= 0,
903 .migratetype
= allocflags_to_migratetype(gfp_mask
),
908 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc
.freepages
);
909 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc
.migratepages
);
911 ret
= compact_zone(zone
, &cc
);
913 VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc
.freepages
));
914 VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc
.migratepages
));
916 *contended
= cc
.contended
;
920 int sysctl_extfrag_threshold
= 500;
923 * try_to_compact_pages - Direct compact to satisfy a high-order allocation
924 * @zonelist: The zonelist used for the current allocation
925 * @order: The order of the current allocation
926 * @gfp_mask: The GFP mask of the current allocation
927 * @nodemask: The allowed nodes to allocate from
928 * @sync: Whether migration is synchronous or not
929 * @contended: Return value that is true if compaction was aborted due to lock contention
930 * @page: Optionally capture a free page of the requested order during compaction
932 * This is the main entry point for direct page compaction.
934 unsigned long try_to_compact_pages(struct zonelist
*zonelist
,
935 int order
, gfp_t gfp_mask
, nodemask_t
*nodemask
,
936 bool sync
, bool *contended
, struct page
**page
)
938 enum zone_type high_zoneidx
= gfp_zone(gfp_mask
);
939 int may_enter_fs
= gfp_mask
& __GFP_FS
;
940 int may_perform_io
= gfp_mask
& __GFP_IO
;
943 int rc
= COMPACT_SKIPPED
;
946 /* Check if the GFP flags allow compaction */
947 if (!order
|| !may_enter_fs
|| !may_perform_io
)
950 count_vm_event(COMPACTSTALL
);
953 if (allocflags_to_migratetype(gfp_mask
) == MIGRATE_MOVABLE
)
954 alloc_flags
|= ALLOC_CMA
;
956 /* Compact each zone in the list */
957 for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone
, z
, zonelist
, high_zoneidx
,
961 status
= compact_zone_order(zone
, order
, gfp_mask
, sync
,
963 rc
= max(status
, rc
);
965 /* If a normal allocation would succeed, stop compacting */
966 if (zone_watermark_ok(zone
, order
, low_wmark_pages(zone
), 0,
975 /* Compact all zones within a node */
976 static int __compact_pgdat(pg_data_t
*pgdat
, struct compact_control
*cc
)
981 for (zoneid
= 0; zoneid
< MAX_NR_ZONES
; zoneid
++) {
983 zone
= &pgdat
->node_zones
[zoneid
];
984 if (!populated_zone(zone
))
987 cc
->nr_freepages
= 0;
988 cc
->nr_migratepages
= 0;
990 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc
->freepages
);
991 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc
->migratepages
);
993 if (cc
->order
== -1 || !compaction_deferred(zone
, cc
->order
))
994 compact_zone(zone
, cc
);
997 int ok
= zone_watermark_ok(zone
, cc
->order
,
998 low_wmark_pages(zone
), 0, 0);
999 if (ok
&& cc
->order
>= zone
->compact_order_failed
)
1000 zone
->compact_order_failed
= cc
->order
+ 1;
1001 /* Currently async compaction is never deferred. */
1002 else if (!ok
&& cc
->sync
)
1003 defer_compaction(zone
, cc
->order
);
1006 VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc
->freepages
));
1007 VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc
->migratepages
));
1013 int compact_pgdat(pg_data_t
*pgdat
, int order
)
1015 struct compact_control cc
= {
1021 return __compact_pgdat(pgdat
, &cc
);
1024 static int compact_node(int nid
)
1026 struct compact_control cc
= {
1032 return __compact_pgdat(NODE_DATA(nid
), &cc
);
1035 /* Compact all nodes in the system */
1036 static int compact_nodes(void)
1040 /* Flush pending updates to the LRU lists */
1041 lru_add_drain_all();
1043 for_each_online_node(nid
)
1046 return COMPACT_COMPLETE
;
1049 /* The written value is actually unused, all memory is compacted */
1050 int sysctl_compact_memory
;
1052 /* This is the entry point for compacting all nodes via /proc/sys/vm */
1053 int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table
*table
, int write
,
1054 void __user
*buffer
, size_t *length
, loff_t
*ppos
)
1057 return compact_nodes();
1062 int sysctl_extfrag_handler(struct ctl_table
*table
, int write
,
1063 void __user
*buffer
, size_t *length
, loff_t
*ppos
)
1065 proc_dointvec_minmax(table
, write
, buffer
, length
, ppos
);
1070 #if defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
1071 ssize_t
sysfs_compact_node(struct device
*dev
,
1072 struct device_attribute
*attr
,
1073 const char *buf
, size_t count
)
1077 if (nid
>= 0 && nid
< nr_node_ids
&& node_online(nid
)) {
1078 /* Flush pending updates to the LRU lists */
1079 lru_add_drain_all();
1086 static DEVICE_ATTR(compact
, S_IWUSR
, NULL
, sysfs_compact_node
);
1088 int compaction_register_node(struct node
*node
)
1090 return device_create_file(&node
->dev
, &dev_attr_compact
);
1093 void compaction_unregister_node(struct node
*node
)
1095 return device_remove_file(&node
->dev
, &dev_attr_compact
);
1097 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS && CONFIG_NUMA */
1099 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
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