/* Serial interface for local (hardwired) serial ports on Un*x like systems
- Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003,
+ 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GDB.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
+ along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
#include "defs.h"
#include "serial.h"
+#include "ser-base.h"
+#include "ser-unix.h"
+
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include "terminal.h"
-#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
-#include <unistd.h>
-#endif
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+#include "gdb_select.h"
+#include "gdb_string.h"
+#include "gdbcmd.h"
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
{
struct termios termios;
};
+
+#ifdef CRTSCTS
+/* Boolean to explicitly enable or disable h/w flow control. */
+static int serial_hwflow;
+static void
+show_serial_hwflow (struct ui_file *file, int from_tty,
+ struct cmd_list_element *c, const char *value)
+{
+ fprintf_filtered (file, _("Hardware flow control is %s.\n"), value);
+}
+#endif
+
#endif /* termios */
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIO
#endif /* termio */
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
-/* Needed for the code which uses select(). We would include <sys/select.h>
- too if it existed on all systems. */
-#include <sys/time.h>
-
struct hardwire_ttystate
{
struct sgttyb sgttyb;
};
#endif /* sgtty */
-static int hardwire_open PARAMS ((serial_t scb, const char *name));
-static void hardwire_raw PARAMS ((serial_t scb));
-static int wait_for PARAMS ((serial_t scb, int timeout));
-static int hardwire_readchar PARAMS ((serial_t scb, int timeout));
-static int rate_to_code PARAMS ((int rate));
-static int hardwire_setbaudrate PARAMS ((serial_t scb, int rate));
-static int hardwire_write PARAMS ((serial_t scb, const char *str, int len));
-static void hardwire_close PARAMS ((serial_t scb));
-static int get_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t scb, struct hardwire_ttystate * state));
-static int set_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t scb, struct hardwire_ttystate * state));
-static serial_ttystate hardwire_get_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t scb));
-static int hardwire_set_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t scb, serial_ttystate state));
-static int hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t, serial_ttystate,
- serial_ttystate));
-static void hardwire_print_tty_state PARAMS ((serial_t, serial_ttystate));
-static int hardwire_drain_output PARAMS ((serial_t));
-static int hardwire_flush_output PARAMS ((serial_t));
-static int hardwire_flush_input PARAMS ((serial_t));
-static int hardwire_send_break PARAMS ((serial_t));
-static int hardwire_setstopbits PARAMS ((serial_t, int));
-
-void _initialize_ser_hardwire PARAMS ((void));
-
-extern int (*ui_loop_hook) PARAMS ((int));
+static int hardwire_open (struct serial *scb, const char *name);
+static void hardwire_raw (struct serial *scb);
+static int wait_for (struct serial *scb, int timeout);
+static int hardwire_readchar (struct serial *scb, int timeout);
+static int do_hardwire_readchar (struct serial *scb, int timeout);
+static int rate_to_code (int rate);
+static int hardwire_setbaudrate (struct serial *scb, int rate);
+static void hardwire_close (struct serial *scb);
+static int get_tty_state (struct serial *scb,
+ struct hardwire_ttystate * state);
+static int set_tty_state (struct serial *scb,
+ struct hardwire_ttystate * state);
+static serial_ttystate hardwire_get_tty_state (struct serial *scb);
+static int hardwire_set_tty_state (struct serial *scb, serial_ttystate state);
+static int hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state (struct serial *, serial_ttystate,
+ serial_ttystate);
+static void hardwire_print_tty_state (struct serial *, serial_ttystate,
+ struct ui_file *);
+static int hardwire_drain_output (struct serial *);
+static int hardwire_flush_output (struct serial *);
+static int hardwire_flush_input (struct serial *);
+static int hardwire_send_break (struct serial *);
+static int hardwire_setstopbits (struct serial *, int);
+
+void _initialize_ser_hardwire (void);
/* Open up a real live device for serial I/O */
static int
-hardwire_open (scb, name)
- serial_t scb;
- const char *name;
+hardwire_open (struct serial *scb, const char *name)
{
scb->fd = open (name, O_RDWR);
if (scb->fd < 0)
}
static int
-get_tty_state (scb, state)
- serial_t scb;
- struct hardwire_ttystate *state;
+get_tty_state (struct serial *scb, struct hardwire_ttystate *state)
{
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
if (tcgetattr (scb->fd, &state->termios) < 0)
}
static int
-set_tty_state (scb, state)
- serial_t scb;
- struct hardwire_ttystate *state;
+set_tty_state (struct serial *scb, struct hardwire_ttystate *state)
{
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
if (tcsetattr (scb->fd, TCSANOW, &state->termios) < 0)
}
static serial_ttystate
-hardwire_get_tty_state (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_get_tty_state (struct serial *scb)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate *state;
}
static int
-hardwire_set_tty_state (scb, ttystate)
- serial_t scb;
- serial_ttystate ttystate;
+hardwire_set_tty_state (struct serial *scb, serial_ttystate ttystate)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate *state;
}
static int
-hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state (scb, new_ttystate, old_ttystate)
- serial_t scb;
- serial_ttystate new_ttystate;
- serial_ttystate old_ttystate;
+hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state (struct serial *scb,
+ serial_ttystate new_ttystate,
+ serial_ttystate old_ttystate)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate new_state;
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
}
static void
-hardwire_print_tty_state (scb, ttystate)
- serial_t scb;
- serial_ttystate ttystate;
+hardwire_print_tty_state (struct serial *scb,
+ serial_ttystate ttystate,
+ struct ui_file *stream)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate *state = (struct hardwire_ttystate *) ttystate;
int i;
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
- printf_filtered ("c_iflag = 0x%x, c_oflag = 0x%x,\n",
- state->termios.c_iflag, state->termios.c_oflag);
- printf_filtered ("c_cflag = 0x%x, c_lflag = 0x%x\n",
- state->termios.c_cflag, state->termios.c_lflag);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_iflag = 0x%x, c_oflag = 0x%x,\n",
+ (int) state->termios.c_iflag,
+ (int) state->termios.c_oflag);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_cflag = 0x%x, c_lflag = 0x%x\n",
+ (int) state->termios.c_cflag,
+ (int) state->termios.c_lflag);
#if 0
/* This not in POSIX, and is not really documented by those systems
which have it (at least not Sun). */
- printf_filtered ("c_line = 0x%x.\n", state->termios.c_line);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_line = 0x%x.\n", state->termios.c_line);
#endif
- printf_filtered ("c_cc: ");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_cc: ");
for (i = 0; i < NCCS; i += 1)
- printf_filtered ("0x%x ", state->termios.c_cc[i]);
- printf_filtered ("\n");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "0x%x ", state->termios.c_cc[i]);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "\n");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIO
- printf_filtered ("c_iflag = 0x%x, c_oflag = 0x%x,\n",
- state->termio.c_iflag, state->termio.c_oflag);
- printf_filtered ("c_cflag = 0x%x, c_lflag = 0x%x, c_line = 0x%x.\n",
- state->termio.c_cflag, state->termio.c_lflag,
- state->termio.c_line);
- printf_filtered ("c_cc: ");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_iflag = 0x%x, c_oflag = 0x%x,\n",
+ state->termio.c_iflag, state->termio.c_oflag);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_cflag = 0x%x, c_lflag = 0x%x, c_line = 0x%x.\n",
+ state->termio.c_cflag, state->termio.c_lflag,
+ state->termio.c_line);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "c_cc: ");
for (i = 0; i < NCC; i += 1)
- printf_filtered ("0x%x ", state->termio.c_cc[i]);
- printf_filtered ("\n");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "0x%x ", state->termio.c_cc[i]);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "\n");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
- printf_filtered ("sgttyb.sg_flags = 0x%x.\n", state->sgttyb.sg_flags);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "sgttyb.sg_flags = 0x%x.\n",
+ state->sgttyb.sg_flags);
- printf_filtered ("tchars: ");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "tchars: ");
for (i = 0; i < (int) sizeof (struct tchars); i++)
- printf_filtered ("0x%x ", ((unsigned char *) &state->tc)[i]);
- printf_filtered ("\n");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "0x%x ", ((unsigned char *) &state->tc)[i]);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "\n");
- printf_filtered ("ltchars: ");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "ltchars: ");
for (i = 0; i < (int) sizeof (struct ltchars); i++)
- printf_filtered ("0x%x ", ((unsigned char *) &state->ltc)[i]);
- printf_filtered ("\n");
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "0x%x ", ((unsigned char *) &state->ltc)[i]);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "\n");
- printf_filtered ("lmode: 0x%x\n", state->lmode);
+ fprintf_filtered (stream, "lmode: 0x%x\n", state->lmode);
#endif
}
/* Wait for the output to drain away, as opposed to flushing (discarding) it */
static int
-hardwire_drain_output (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_drain_output (struct serial *scb)
{
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
return tcdrain (scb->fd);
}
static int
-hardwire_flush_output (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_flush_output (struct serial *scb)
{
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
return tcflush (scb->fd, TCOFLUSH);
}
static int
-hardwire_flush_input (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_flush_input (struct serial *scb)
{
- scb->bufcnt = 0;
- scb->bufp = scb->buf;
+ ser_base_flush_input (scb);
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
return tcflush (scb->fd, TCIFLUSH);
}
static int
-hardwire_send_break (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_send_break (struct serial *scb)
{
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
return tcsendbreak (scb->fd, 0);
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
{
int status;
- struct timeval timeout;
status = ioctl (scb->fd, TIOCSBRK, 0);
/* Can't use usleep; it doesn't exist in BSD 4.2. */
- /* Note that if this select() is interrupted by a signal it will not wait
- the full length of time. I think that is OK. */
- timeout.tv_sec = 0;
- timeout.tv_usec = 250000;
- select (0, 0, 0, 0, &timeout);
+ /* Note that if this gdb_select() is interrupted by a signal it will not
+ wait the full length of time. I think that is OK. */
+ gdb_usleep (250000);
status = ioctl (scb->fd, TIOCCBRK, 0);
return status;
}
}
static void
-hardwire_raw (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_raw (struct serial *scb)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate state;
state.termios.c_lflag = 0;
state.termios.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE | PARENB);
state.termios.c_cflag |= CLOCAL | CS8;
+#ifdef CRTSCTS
+ /* h/w flow control. */
+ if (serial_hwflow)
+ state.termios.c_cflag |= CRTSCTS;
+ else
+ state.termios.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
+#ifdef CRTS_IFLOW
+ if (serial_hwflow)
+ state.termios.c_cflag |= CRTS_IFLOW;
+ else
+ state.termios.c_cflag &= ~CRTS_IFLOW;
+#endif
+#endif
state.termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
state.termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
#endif
timeout occur in the read() in hardwire_read().
*/
+/* FIXME: cagney/1999-09-16: Don't replace this with the equivalent
+ ser_base*() until the old TERMIOS/SGTTY/... timer code has been
+ flushed. . */
+
+/* NOTE: cagney/1999-09-30: Much of the code below is dead. The only
+ possible values of the TIMEOUT parameter are ONE and ZERO.
+ Consequently all the code that tries to handle the possability of
+ an overflowed timer is unnecessary. */
+
static int
-wait_for (scb, timeout)
- serial_t scb;
- int timeout;
+wait_for (struct serial *scb, int timeout)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
- {
- struct timeval tv;
- fd_set readfds;
-
- FD_ZERO (&readfds);
-
- tv.tv_sec = timeout;
- tv.tv_usec = 0;
-
- FD_SET (scb->fd, &readfds);
-
- while (1)
- {
- int numfds;
-
- if (timeout >= 0)
- numfds = select (scb->fd + 1, &readfds, 0, 0, &tv);
+ while (1)
+ {
+ struct timeval tv;
+ fd_set readfds;
+ int numfds;
+
+ /* NOTE: Some OS's can scramble the READFDS when the select()
+ call fails (ex the kernel with Red Hat 5.2). Initialize all
+ arguments before each call. */
+
+ tv.tv_sec = timeout;
+ tv.tv_usec = 0;
+
+ FD_ZERO (&readfds);
+ FD_SET (scb->fd, &readfds);
+
+ if (timeout >= 0)
+ numfds = gdb_select (scb->fd + 1, &readfds, 0, 0, &tv);
+ else
+ numfds = gdb_select (scb->fd + 1, &readfds, 0, 0, 0);
+
+ if (numfds <= 0)
+ if (numfds == 0)
+ return SERIAL_TIMEOUT;
+ else if (errno == EINTR)
+ continue;
else
- numfds = select (scb->fd + 1, &readfds, 0, 0, 0);
+ return SERIAL_ERROR; /* Got an error from select or poll */
- if (numfds <= 0)
- if (numfds == 0)
- return SERIAL_TIMEOUT;
- else if (errno == EINTR)
- continue;
- else
- return SERIAL_ERROR; /* Got an error from select or poll */
-
- return 0;
- }
- }
+ return 0;
+ }
#endif /* HAVE_SGTTY */
#if defined HAVE_TERMIO || defined HAVE_TERMIOS
to wait, or -1 to wait forever. Use timeout of 0 to effect a poll. Returns
char if successful. Returns SERIAL_TIMEOUT if timeout expired, EOF if line
dropped dead, or SERIAL_ERROR for any other error (see errno in that case). */
+
+/* FIXME: cagney/1999-09-16: Don't replace this with the equivalent
+ ser_base*() until the old TERMIOS/SGTTY/... timer code has been
+ flushed. */
+
+/* NOTE: cagney/1999-09-16: This function is not identical to
+ ser_base_readchar() as part of replacing it with ser_base*()
+ merging will be required - this code handles the case where read()
+ times out due to no data while ser_base_readchar() doesn't expect
+ that. */
+
static int
-hardwire_readchar (scb, timeout)
- serial_t scb;
- int timeout;
+do_hardwire_readchar (struct serial *scb, int timeout)
{
int status, delta;
int detach = 0;
- if (scb->bufcnt-- > 0)
- return *scb->bufp++;
-
if (timeout > 0)
timeout++;
- /* We have to be able to keep the GUI alive here, so we break the original
- timeout into steps of 1 second, running the "keep the GUI alive" hook
- each time through the loop.
- Also, timeout = 0 means to poll, so we just set the delta to 0, so we
- will only go through the loop once. */
+ /* We have to be able to keep the GUI alive here, so we break the
+ original timeout into steps of 1 second, running the "keep the
+ GUI alive" hook each time through the loop.
+
+ Also, timeout = 0 means to poll, so we just set the delta to 0,
+ so we will only go through the loop once. */
delta = (timeout == 0 ? 0 : 1);
while (1)
/* N.B. The UI may destroy our world (for instance by calling
remote_stop,) in which case we want to get out of here as
quickly as possible. It is not safe to touch scb, since
- someone else might have freed it. The ui_loop_hook signals that
- we should exit by returning 1. */
+ someone else might have freed it. The
+ deprecated_ui_loop_hook signals that we should exit by
+ returning 1. */
- if (ui_loop_hook)
- detach = ui_loop_hook (0);
+ if (deprecated_ui_loop_hook)
+ detach = deprecated_ui_loop_hook (0);
if (detach)
return SERIAL_TIMEOUT;
if (status < 0)
return status;
- scb->bufcnt = read (scb->fd, scb->buf, BUFSIZ);
+ status = read (scb->fd, scb->buf, BUFSIZ);
- if (scb->bufcnt <= 0)
+ if (status <= 0)
{
- if (scb->bufcnt == 0)
+ if (status == 0)
{
/* Zero characters means timeout (it could also be EOF, but
we don't (yet at least) distinguish). */
return SERIAL_ERROR; /* Got an error from read */
}
+ scb->bufcnt = status;
scb->bufcnt--;
scb->bufp = scb->buf;
return *scb->bufp++;
}
}
+static int
+hardwire_readchar (struct serial *scb, int timeout)
+{
+ return generic_readchar (scb, timeout, do_hardwire_readchar);
+}
+
+
#ifndef B19200
#define B19200 EXTA
#endif
};
static int
-rate_to_code (rate)
- int rate;
+rate_to_code (int rate)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; baudtab[i].rate != -1; i++)
- if (rate == baudtab[i].rate)
- return baudtab[i].code;
-
+ {
+ /* test for perfect macth. */
+ if (rate == baudtab[i].rate)
+ return baudtab[i].code;
+ else
+ {
+ /* check if it is in between valid values. */
+ if (rate < baudtab[i].rate)
+ {
+ if (i)
+ {
+ warning (_("Invalid baud rate %d. Closest values are %d and %d."),
+ rate, baudtab[i - 1].rate, baudtab[i].rate);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ warning (_("Invalid baud rate %d. Minimum value is %d."),
+ rate, baudtab[0].rate);
+ }
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* The requested speed was too large. */
+ warning (_("Invalid baud rate %d. Maximum value is %d."),
+ rate, baudtab[i - 1].rate);
return -1;
}
static int
-hardwire_setbaudrate (scb, rate)
- serial_t scb;
- int rate;
+hardwire_setbaudrate (struct serial *scb, int rate)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate state;
+ int baud_code = rate_to_code (rate);
+
+ if (baud_code < 0)
+ {
+ /* The baud rate was not valid.
+ A warning has already been issued. */
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return -1;
+ }
if (get_tty_state (scb, &state))
return -1;
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
- cfsetospeed (&state.termios, rate_to_code (rate));
- cfsetispeed (&state.termios, rate_to_code (rate));
+ cfsetospeed (&state.termios, baud_code);
+ cfsetispeed (&state.termios, baud_code);
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIO
#endif
state.termio.c_cflag &= ~(CBAUD | CIBAUD);
- state.termio.c_cflag |= rate_to_code (rate);
+ state.termio.c_cflag |= baud_code;
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SGTTY
- state.sgttyb.sg_ispeed = rate_to_code (rate);
- state.sgttyb.sg_ospeed = rate_to_code (rate);
+ state.sgttyb.sg_ispeed = baud_code;
+ state.sgttyb.sg_ospeed = baud_code;
#endif
return set_tty_state (scb, &state);
}
static int
-hardwire_setstopbits (scb, num)
- serial_t scb;
- int num;
+hardwire_setstopbits (struct serial *scb, int num)
{
struct hardwire_ttystate state;
int newbit;
return set_tty_state (scb, &state);
}
-static int
-hardwire_write (scb, str, len)
- serial_t scb;
- const char *str;
- int len;
-{
- int cc;
-
- while (len > 0)
- {
- cc = write (scb->fd, str, len);
-
- if (cc < 0)
- return 1;
- len -= cc;
- str += cc;
- }
- return 0;
-}
-
static void
-hardwire_close (scb)
- serial_t scb;
+hardwire_close (struct serial *scb)
{
if (scb->fd < 0)
return;
close (scb->fd);
scb->fd = -1;
}
+\f
+\f
+void
+_initialize_ser_hardwire (void)
+{
+ struct serial_ops *ops = XMALLOC (struct serial_ops);
+ memset (ops, 0, sizeof (struct serial_ops));
+ ops->name = "hardwire";
+ ops->next = 0;
+ ops->open = hardwire_open;
+ ops->close = hardwire_close;
+ /* FIXME: Don't replace this with the equivalent ser_base*() until
+ the old TERMIOS/SGTTY/... timer code has been flushed. cagney
+ 1999-09-16. */
+ ops->readchar = hardwire_readchar;
+ ops->write = ser_base_write;
+ ops->flush_output = hardwire_flush_output;
+ ops->flush_input = hardwire_flush_input;
+ ops->send_break = hardwire_send_break;
+ ops->go_raw = hardwire_raw;
+ ops->get_tty_state = hardwire_get_tty_state;
+ ops->set_tty_state = hardwire_set_tty_state;
+ ops->print_tty_state = hardwire_print_tty_state;
+ ops->noflush_set_tty_state = hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state;
+ ops->setbaudrate = hardwire_setbaudrate;
+ ops->setstopbits = hardwire_setstopbits;
+ ops->drain_output = hardwire_drain_output;
+ ops->async = ser_base_async;
+ ops->read_prim = ser_unix_read_prim;
+ ops->write_prim = ser_unix_write_prim;
+ serial_add_interface (ops);
-static struct serial_ops hardwire_ops =
+#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS
+#ifdef CRTSCTS
+ add_setshow_boolean_cmd ("remoteflow", no_class,
+ &serial_hwflow, _("\
+Set use of hardware flow control for remote serial I/O."), _("\
+Show use of hardware flow control for remote serial I/O."), _("\
+Enable or disable hardware flow control (RTS/CTS) on the serial port\n\
+when debugging using remote targets."),
+ NULL,
+ show_serial_hwflow,
+ &setlist, &showlist);
+#endif
+#endif
+}
+
+int
+ser_unix_read_prim (struct serial *scb, size_t count)
{
- "hardwire",
- 0,
- hardwire_open,
- hardwire_close,
- hardwire_readchar,
- hardwire_write,
- hardwire_flush_output,
- hardwire_flush_input,
- hardwire_send_break,
- hardwire_raw,
- hardwire_get_tty_state,
- hardwire_set_tty_state,
- hardwire_print_tty_state,
- hardwire_noflush_set_tty_state,
- hardwire_setbaudrate,
- hardwire_setstopbits,
- hardwire_drain_output, /* wait for output to drain */
-};
+ int status;
-void
-_initialize_ser_hardwire ()
+ while (1)
+ {
+ status = read (scb->fd, scb->buf, count);
+ if (status != -1 || errno != EINTR)
+ break;
+ }
+ return status;
+}
+
+int
+ser_unix_write_prim (struct serial *scb, const void *buf, size_t len)
{
- serial_add_interface (&hardwire_ops);
+ /* ??? Historically, GDB has not retried calls to "write" that
+ result in EINTR. */
+ return write (scb->fd, buf, len);
}