X-Git-Url: http://drtracing.org/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=gdb%2FREADME;h=801d0279be373325691391bd32977b2f0f925ca0;hb=682cb032bc7c316a3e9472efc8094e02318eef9b;hp=46b9074ff17dcf48475d10dbf45ad98f5b46940b;hpb=5b64ad42d36e6d487e1f7287d37fbc243a178e72;p=deliverable%2Fbinutils-gdb.git diff --git a/gdb/README b/gdb/README index 46b9074ff1..801d0279be 100644 --- a/gdb/README +++ b/gdb/README @@ -1,95 +1,133 @@ - README for gdb-4.18 release - Updated 4 Apr 1999 by Jim Blandy + README for gdb-6.3 release + Updated 8, November, 2004 by Andrew Cagney This is GDB, the GNU source-level debugger. -A summary of new features is in the file `NEWS'. -See the GDB home page at http://sourceware.cygnus.com/gdb/ for up to +A summary of new features is in the file `gdb/NEWS'. + +Check the GDB home page at http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/ for up to date release information, mailing list links and archives, etc. +The file `gdb/PROBLEMS' contains information on problems identified +late in the release cycle. GDB's bug tracking data base at +http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/ contains a more complete list of +bugs. + Unpacking and Installation -- quick overview ========================== -In this release, the GDB debugger sources, the generic GNU include + In this release, the GDB debugger sources, the generic GNU include files, the BFD ("binary file description") library, the readline library, and other libraries all have directories of their own -underneath the gdb-4.18 directory. The idea is that a variety of GNU +underneath the gdb-6.3 directory. The idea is that a variety of GNU tools can share a common copy of these things. Be aware of variation over time--for example don't try to build gdb with a copy of bfd from -a release other than the gdb release (such as a binutils or gas -release), especially if the releases are more than a few weeks apart. +a release other than the gdb release (such as a binutils release), +especially if the releases are more than a few weeks apart. Configuration scripts and makefiles exist to cruise up and down this directory tree and automatically build all the pieces in the right order. -When you unpack the gdb-4.18.tar.gz file, you'll find a directory -called `gdb-4.18', which contains: + When you unpack the gdb-6.3.tar.gz file, you'll find a directory +called `gdb-6.3', which contains: + + COPYING config-ml.in gettext.m4 ltconfig sim + COPYING.LIB config.guess include ltmain.sh src-release + Makefile.def config.sub install-sh md5.sum symlink-tree + Makefile.in configure libiberty missing texinfo + Makefile.tpl configure.in libtool.m4 mkinstalldirs ylwrap + README djunpack.bat ltcf-c.sh move-if-change + bfd etc ltcf-cxx.sh opcodes + config gdb ltcf-gcj.sh readline + +You can build GDB right in the source directory: + + cd gdb-6.3 + ./configure + make + cp gdb/gdb /usr/local/bin/gdb (or wherever you want) + +However, we recommend that an empty directory be used instead. +This way you do not clutter your source tree with binary files +and will be able to create different builds with different +configuration options. - COPYING config.sub* libiberty/ opcodes/ - COPYING.LIB configure* mmalloc/ readline/ - Makefile.in configure.in move-if-change* sim/ - README etc/ mpw-README texinfo/ - bfd/ gdb/ mpw-build.in utils/ - config/ include/ mpw-config.in - config.guess* install.sh* mpw-configure +You can build GDB in any empty build directory: -To build GDB, you can just do: + mkdir build + cd build + /gdb-6.3/configure + make + cp gdb/gdb /usr/local/bin/gdb (or wherever you want) - cd gdb-4.18 - ./configure - make - cp gdb/gdb /usr/local/bin/gdb (or wherever you want) +(Building GDB with DJGPP tools for MS-DOS/MS-Windows is slightly +different; see the file gdb-6.3/gdb/config/djgpp/README for details.) -This will configure and build all the libraries as well as GDB. -If `configure' can't determine your system type, specify one as its -argument, e.g., sun4 or decstation. + This will configure and build all the libraries as well as GDB. If +`configure' can't determine your system type, specify one as its +argument, e.g., `./configure sun4' or `./configure decstation'. -If you get compiler warnings during this stage, see the `Reporting Bugs' -section below; there are a few known problems. + Make sure that your 'configure' line ends in 'gdb-6.3/configure': -GDB requires an ANSI C compiler. If you do not have an ANSI C -compiler for your system, you may be able to download and install the -GNU CC compiler. It is available via anonymous FTP from ftp.gnu.org, -in /pub/gnu/gcc (as a URL, that's ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gcc). + /berman/migchain/source/gdb-6.3/configure # RIGHT + /berman/migchain/source/gdb-6.3/gdb/configure # WRONG -GDB can be used as a cross-debugger, running on a machine of one type -while debugging a program running on a machine of another type. See below. + The gdb package contains several subdirectories, such as 'gdb', +'bfd', and 'readline'. If your 'configure' line ends in +'gdb-6.3/gdb/configure', then you are configuring only the gdb +subdirectory, not the whole gdb package. This leads to build errors +such as: + + make: *** No rule to make target `../bfd/bfd.h', needed by `gdb.o'. Stop. + + If you get other compiler errors during this stage, see the `Reporting +Bugs' section below; there are a few known problems. + + GDB requires an ISO C (ANSI C) compiler. If you do not have an ISO +C compiler for your system, you may be able to download and install +the GNU CC compiler. It is available via anonymous FTP from the +directory `ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gcc'. + + GDB can be used as a cross-debugger, running on a machine of one +type while debugging a program running on a machine of another type. +See below. More Documentation ****************** All the documentation for GDB comes as part of the machine-readable -distribution. The documentation is written in Texinfo format, which is -a documentation system that uses a single source file to produce both -on-line information and a printed manual. You can use one of the Info -formatting commands to create the on-line version of the documentation -and TeX (or `texi2roff') to typeset the printed version. - - GDB includes an already formatted copy of the on-line Info version of -this manual in the `gdb/doc' subdirectory. The main Info file is -`gdb-4.18/gdb/doc/gdb.info', and it refers to subordinate files matching -`gdb.info*' in the same directory. If necessary, you can print out -these files, or read them with any editor; but they are easier to read -using the `info' subsystem in GNU Emacs or the standalone `info' program, -available as part of the GNU Texinfo distribution. +distribution. The documentation is written in Texinfo format, which +is a documentation system that uses a single source file to produce +both on-line information and a printed manual. You can use one of the +Info formatting commands to create the on-line version of the +documentation and TeX (or `texi2roff') to typeset the printed version. + + GDB includes an already formatted copy of the on-line Info version +of this manual in the `gdb/doc' subdirectory. The main Info file is +`gdb-6.3/gdb/doc/gdb.info', and it refers to subordinate files +matching `gdb.info*' in the same directory. If necessary, you can +print out these files, or read them with any editor; but they are +easier to read using the `info' subsystem in GNU Emacs or the +standalone `info' program, available as part of the GNU Texinfo +distribution. If you want to format these Info files yourself, you need one of the Info formatting programs, such as `texinfo-format-buffer' or `makeinfo'. If you have `makeinfo' installed, and are in the top level GDB -source directory (`gdb-4.18', in the case of version 4.18), you can make +source directory (`gdb-6.3', in the case of version 6.3), you can make the Info file by typing: - cd gdb/doc - make info + cd gdb/doc + make info If you want to typeset and print copies of this manual, you need TeX, a program to print its DVI output files, and `texinfo.tex', the Texinfo definitions file. This file is included in the GDB -distribution, in the directory `gdb-4.18/texinfo'. +distribution, in the directory `gdb-6.3/texinfo'. TeX is a typesetting program; it does not print files directly, but produces output files called DVI files. To print a typeset document, @@ -103,13 +141,20 @@ without any extension or a `.dvi' extension. This file tells TeX how to typeset a document written in Texinfo format. On its own, TeX cannot read, much less typeset a Texinfo file. `texinfo.tex' is distributed with GDB and is located in the -`gdb-4.18/texinfo' directory. +`gdb-6.3/texinfo' directory. If you have TeX and a DVI printer program installed, you can typeset and print this manual. First switch to the the `gdb' subdirectory of -the main source directory (for example, to `gdb-4.18/gdb') and then type: +the main source directory (for example, to `gdb-6.3/gdb') and then type: + + make doc/gdb.dvi - make gdb.dvi + If you prefer to have the manual in PDF format, type this from the +`gdb/doc' subdirectory of the main source directory: + + make gdb.pdf + +For this to work, you will need the PDFTeX package to be installed. Installing GDB @@ -123,70 +168,62 @@ preparing GDB for installation; you can then use `make' to build the a single directory, whose name is usually composed by appending the version number to `gdb'. - For example, the GDB version 4.18 distribution is in the `gdb-4.18' + For example, the GDB version 6.3 distribution is in the `gdb-6.3' directory. That directory contains: -`gdb-4.18/{COPYING,COPYING.LIB}' +`gdb-6.3/{COPYING,COPYING.LIB}' Standard GNU license files. Please read them. -`gdb-4.18/bfd' +`gdb-6.3/bfd' source for the Binary File Descriptor library -`gdb-4.18/config*' +`gdb-6.3/config*' script for configuring GDB, along with other support files -`gdb-4.18/gdb' +`gdb-6.3/gdb' the source specific to GDB itself -`gdb-4.18/include' +`gdb-6.3/include' GNU include files -`gdb-4.18/libiberty' +`gdb-6.3/libiberty' source for the `-liberty' free software library -`gdb-4.18/mmalloc' - source for the GNU memory-mapped malloc package - -`gdb-4.18/opcodes' +`gdb-6.3/opcodes' source for the library of opcode tables and disassemblers -`gdb-4.18/readline' +`gdb-6.3/readline' source for the GNU command-line interface NOTE: The readline library is compiled for use by GDB, but will not be installed on your system when "make install" is issued. -`gdb-4.18/sim' +`gdb-6.3/sim' source for some simulators (ARM, D10V, SPARC, M32R, MIPS, PPC, V850, etc) -`gdb-4.18/intl' - source for the GNU gettext library, for internationalization. - This is slightly modified from the standalone gettext - distribution you can get from GNU. - -`gdb-4.18/texinfo' +`gdb-6.3/texinfo' The `texinfo.tex' file, which you need in order to make a printed manual using TeX. -`gdb-4.18/etc' +`gdb-6.3/etc' Coding standards, useful files for editing GDB, and other miscellanea. -`gdb-4.18/utils' - A grab bag of random utilities. - + Note: the following instructions are for building GDB on Unix or +Unix-like systems. Instructions for building with DJGPP for +MS-DOS/MS-Windows are in the file gdb/config/djgpp/README. The simplest way to configure and build GDB is to run `configure' from the `gdb-VERSION-NUMBER' source directory, which in this example -is the `gdb-4.18' directory. +is the `gdb-6.3' directory. First switch to the `gdb-VERSION-NUMBER' source directory if you are not already in it; then run `configure'. For example: - cd gdb-4.18 - ./configure - make + cd gdb-6.3 + ./configure + make Running `configure' followed by `make' builds the `bfd', `readline', `mmalloc', and `libiberty' libraries, then `gdb' itself. @@ -197,11 +234,11 @@ corresponding source directories. does not recognize this automatically when you run a different shell, you may need to run `sh' on it explicitly: - sh configure + sh configure If you run `configure' from a directory that contains source -directories for multiple libraries or programs, such as the `gdb-4.18' -source directory for version 4.18, `configure' creates configuration +directories for multiple libraries or programs, such as the `gdb-6.3' +source directory for version 6.3, `configure' creates configuration files for every directory level underneath (unless you tell it not to, with the `--norecursion' option). @@ -209,11 +246,11 @@ with the `--norecursion' option). directories in the GDB distribution, if you only want to configure that subdirectory; but be sure to specify a path to it. - For example, with version 4.18, type the following to configure only + For example, with version 6.3, type the following to configure only the `bfd' subdirectory: - cd gdb-4.18/bfd - ../configure + cd gdb-6.3/bfd + ../configure You can install `gdb' anywhere; it has no hardwired paths. However, you should make sure that the shell on your path (named by the `SHELL' @@ -241,13 +278,13 @@ directory. If the path to `configure' would be the same as the argument to `--srcdir', you can leave out the `--srcdir' option; it will be assumed.) - For example, with version 4.18, you can build GDB in a separate + For example, with version 6.3, you can build GDB in a separate directory for a Sun 4 like this: - cd gdb-4.18 + cd gdb-6.3 mkdir ../gdb-sun4 cd ../gdb-sun4 - ../gdb-4.18/configure sun4 + ../gdb-6.3/configure make When `configure' builds a configuration using a remote source @@ -268,8 +305,8 @@ called `configure' (or one of its subdirectories). The `Makefile' that `configure' generates in each source directory also runs recursively. If you type `make' in a source directory such -as `gdb-4.18' (or in a separate configured directory configured with -`--srcdir=PATH/gdb-4.18'), you will build all the required libraries, +as `gdb-6.3' (or in a separate configured directory configured with +`--srcdir=PATH/gdb-6.3'), you will build all the required libraries, and then build GDB. When you have multiple hosts or targets configured in separate @@ -312,7 +349,7 @@ you can use it to test your guesses on abbreviations--for example: Invalid configuration `i786v': machine `i786v' not recognized `config.sub' is also distributed in the GDB source directory -(`gdb-4.18', for version 4.18). +(`gdb-6.3', for version 6.3). `configure' options @@ -366,11 +403,13 @@ prefer; but you may abbreviate option names if you use `--'. code which looks even vaguely suspicious. You should only using this feature if you're compiling with GNU CC. It passes the following flags: - -Wall + -Wimplicit + -Wreturn-type + -Wcomment + -Wtrigraphs + -Wformat + -Wparentheses -Wpointer-arith - -Wstrict-prototypes - -Wmissing-prototypes - -Wmissing-declarations `--target=TARGET' Configure GDB for cross-debugging programs running on the specified @@ -395,191 +434,86 @@ other GNU tools recursively; but these are the only options that affect GDB or its supporting libraries. -Languages other than C -======================= - -See the GDB manual (gdb/doc/gdb.texinfo) for information on this. - - -Kernel debugging -================= - -I have't done this myself so I can't really offer any advice. -Remote debugging over serial lines works fine, but the kernel debugging -code in here has not been tested in years. Van Jacobson has -better kernel debugging, but the UC lawyers won't let FSF have it. - - Remote debugging ================= -The files m68k-stub.c, i386-stub.c, and sparc-stub.c are examples of -remote stubs to be used with remote.c. They are designed to run -standalone on an m68k, i386, or SPARC cpu and communicate properly with -the remote.c stub over a serial line. + The files m68k-stub.c, i386-stub.c, and sparc-stub.c are examples +of remote stubs to be used with remote.c. They are designed to run +standalone on an m68k, i386, or SPARC cpu and communicate properly +with the remote.c stub over a serial line. -The directory gdb/gdbserver/ contains `gdbserver', a program that + The directory gdb/gdbserver/ contains `gdbserver', a program that allows remote debugging for Unix applications. gdbserver is only -supported for some native configurations, including Sun 3, Sun 4, -and Linux. +supported for some native configurations, including Sun 3, Sun 4, and +Linux. -There are a number of remote interfaces for talking to existing ROM + There are a number of remote interfaces for talking to existing ROM monitors and other hardware: - remote-adapt.c AMD 29000 "Adapt" - remote-array.c Array Tech RAID controller - remote-bug.c Motorola BUG monitor - remote-d10v.c GDB protocol, talking to a d10v chip - remote-e7000.c Hitachi E7000 ICE - remote-eb.c AMD 29000 "EBMON" - remote-es.c Ericsson 1800 monitor + remote-e7000.c Renesas E7000 ICE remote-est.c EST emulator - remote-hms.c Hitachi Micro Systems H8/300 monitor + remote-hms.c Renesas Micro Systems H8/300 monitor remote-mips.c MIPS remote debugging protocol - remote-mm.c AMD 29000 "minimon" - remote-nindy.c Intel 960 "Nindy" - remote-nrom.c NetROM ROM emulator - remote-os9k.c PC running OS/9000 remote-rdi.c ARM with Angel monitor remote-rdp.c ARM with Demon monitor remote-sds.c PowerPC SDS monitor remote-sim.c Generalized simulator protocol remote-st.c Tandem ST-2000 monitor - remote-udi.c AMD 29000 using the AMD "Universal Debug Interface" remote-vx.c VxWorks realtime kernel -Remote-vx.c and the vx-share subdirectory contain a remote interface for the -VxWorks realtime kernel, which communicates over TCP using the Sun -RPC library. This would be a useful starting point for other remote- -via-ethernet back ends. - -Remote-udi.c and the 29k-share subdirectory contain a remote interface -for AMD 29000 programs, which uses the AMD "Universal Debug Interface". -This allows GDB to talk to software simulators, emulators, and/or bare -hardware boards, via network or serial interfaces. Note that GDB only -provides an interface that speaks UDI, not a complete solution. You -will need something on the other end that also speaks UDI. - - -Reporting Bugs -=============== - -The correct address for reporting bugs found in gdb is -"bug-gdb@gnu.org". Please email all bugs, and all requests for -help with GDB, to that address. Please include the GDB version number -(e.g., gdb-4.18), and how you configured it (e.g., "sun4" or "mach386 -host, i586-intel-synopsys target"). Since GDB now supports so many -different configurations, it is important that you be precise about this. -If at all possible, you should include the actual banner that GDB prints -when it starts up, or failing that, the actual configure command that -you used when configuring GDB. - -For more information on how/whether to report bugs, see the GDB Bugs -section of the GDB manual (gdb/doc/gdb.texinfo). - -Known bugs: - - * Under Ultrix 4.2 (DECstation-3100) or Alphas under OSF/1, we have - seen problems with backtraces after interrupting the inferior out - of a read(). The problem is caused by ptrace() returning an - incorrect value for the frame pointer register (register 15 or - 30). As far as we can tell, this is a kernel problem. Any help - with this would be greatly appreciated. - - * Under Ultrix 4.4 (DECstation-3100), setting the TERMCAP environment - variable to a string without a trailing ':' can cause GDB to dump - core upon startup. Although the core file makes it look as though - GDB code failed, the crash actually occurs within a call to the - termcap library function tgetent(). The problem can be solved by - using the GNU Termcap library. - - Alphas running OSF/1 (versions 1.0 through 2.1) have the same buggy - termcap code, but GDB behaves strangely rather than crashing. - - * On DECstations there are warnings about shift counts out of range in - various BFD modules. None of them is a cause for alarm, they are actually - a result of bugs in the DECstation compiler. - - * Notes for the DEC Alpha using OSF/1: - The debugging output of native cc has two known problems; we view these - as compiler bugs. - The linker miscompacts symbol tables, which causes gdb to confuse the - type of variables or results in `struct ' type outputs. - dbx has the same problems with those executables. A workaround is to - specify -Wl,-b when linking, but that will increase the executable size - considerably. - If a structure has incomplete type in one file (e.g., "struct foo *" - without a definition for "struct foo"), gdb will be unable to find the - structure definition from another file. - It has been reported that the Ultrix 4.3A compiler on decstations has the - same problems. - - * Notes for Solaris 2.x, using the SPARCworks cc compiler: - You have to compile your program with the -xs option of the SPARCworks - compiler to be able to debug your program with gdb. - Under Solaris 2.3 you also need patch 101409-03 (Jumbo linker patch). - Under Solaris 2.2, if you have patch 101052 installed, make sure - that it is at least at revision 101052-06. - - * Under Irix 5 for SGIs, you must have installed the `compiler_dev.hdr' - subsystem that is on the IDO CD, otherwise you will get complaints - that certain files such as `/usr/include/syms.h' cannot be found. - - * Notes for BSD/386: - To compile gdb-4.18 on BSD/386, you must run the configure script and - its subscripts with bash. Here is an easy way to do this: - - bash -c 'CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash ./configure' - - (configure will report i386-unknown-bsd). Then, compile with the - standard "make" command. - -GDB can produce warnings about symbols that it does not understand. By -default, these warnings are disabled. You can enable them by executing -`set complaint 10' (which you can put in your ~/.gdbinit if you like). -I recommend doing this if you are working on a compiler, assembler, -linker, or GDB, since it will point out problems that you may be able -to fix. Warnings produced during symbol reading indicate some mismatch -between the object file and GDB's symbol reading code. In many cases, -it's a mismatch between the specs for the object file format, and what -the compiler actually outputs or the debugger actually understands. - - -X Windows versus GDB + Remote-vx.c and the vx-share subdirectory contain a remote +interface for the VxWorks realtime kernel, which communicates over TCP +using the Sun RPC library. This would be a useful starting point for +other remote- via-ethernet back ends. + + +Reporting Bugs in GDB ===================== -You should check out DDD, the Data Display Debugger. Here's the blurb -from the DDD web site, http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/softech/ddd: - - The Data Display Debugger (DDD) is a popular graphical user - interface for command-line debuggers such as GDB, DBX, JDB, WDB, - XDB, the Perl debugger, and the Python debugger. Besides ``usual'' - front-end features such as viewing source texts, DDD has become - famous through its interactive graphical data display, where data - structures are displayed as graphs. A simple mouse click - dereferences pointers or views structure contents, updated each - time the program stops. Using DDD, you can reason about your - application by watching its data, not just by viewing it execute - lines of source code. - -Emacs users will very likely enjoy the Grand Unified Debugger mode; -try typing `M-x gdb RET'. + There are several ways of reporting bugs in GDB. The prefered +method is to use the World Wide Web: + + http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/ + +As an alternative, the bug report can be submitted, via e-mail, to the +address "bug-gdb@gnu.org". + + When submitting a bug, please include the GDB version number (e.g., +gdb-6.3), and how you configured it (e.g., "sun4" or "mach386 host, +i586-intel-synopsys target"). Since GDB now supports so many +different configurations, it is important that you be precise about +this. If at all possible, you should include the actual banner that +GDB prints when it starts up, or failing that, the actual configure +command that you used when configuring GDB. + + For more information on how/whether to report bugs, see the +Reporting Bugs chapter of the GDB manual (gdb/doc/gdb.texinfo). -Those interested in experimenting with a new kind of gdb-mode -should load gdb/gdba.el into GNU Emacs 19.25 or later. Comments -on this mode are also welcome. + +Graphical interface to GDB -- X Windows, MS Windows +========================== + + Several graphical interfaces to GDB are available. You should +check: + + http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/links/ + +for an up-to-date list. + + Emacs users will very likely enjoy the Grand Unified Debugger mode; +try typing `M-x gdb RET'. Writing Code for GDB ===================== -There is a lot of information about writing code for GDB in the + There is a lot of information about writing code for GDB in the internals manual, distributed with GDB in gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo. You can read it by hand, print it by using TeX and texinfo, or process it into an `info' file for use with Emacs' info mode or the standalone `info' program. -If you are pondering writing anything but a short patch, especially + If you are pondering writing anything but a short patch, especially take note of the information about copyrights in the node Submitting Patches. It can take quite a while to get all the paperwork done, so we encourage you to start that process as soon as you decide you are @@ -590,26 +524,33 @@ think you will be ready to submit the patches. GDB Testsuite ============= -There is a DejaGNU based testsuite available for testing your newly -built GDB, or for regression testing GDBs with local modifications. + Included with the GDB distribution is a DejaGNU based testsuite +that can either be used to test your newly built GDB, or for +regression testing a GDB with local modifications. + + Running the testsuite requires the prior installation of DejaGNU, +which is generally available via ftp. The directory +ftp://sources.redhat.com/pub/dejagnu/ will contain a recent snapshot. +Once DejaGNU is installed, you can run the tests in one of the +following ways: -Running the testsuite requires the prior installation of DejaGNU, -which is generally available via ftp; you'll need a pretty recent -release. Once DejaGNU is installed, you can run the tests in one of -two ways: + (1) cd gdb-6.3 + make check-gdb + +or - (1) cd gdb-4.18/gdb (assuming you also unpacked gdb) + (2) cd gdb-6.3/gdb make check or - (2) cd gdb-4.18/gdb/testsuite + (3) cd gdb-6.3/gdb/testsuite make site.exp (builds the site specific file) runtest -tool gdb GDB=../gdb (or GDB= as appropriate) -The second method gives you slightly more control in case of problems with -building one or more test executables or if you are using the testsuite -'standalone', without it being part of the GDB source tree. +The last method gives you slightly more control in case of problems +with building one or more test executables or if you are using the +testsuite `standalone', without it being part of the GDB source tree. See the DejaGNU documentation for further details.